scholarly journals Phraseological Units and Their Transformations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Rabosh
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Ancient Literature ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
The Given

The peculiarity of French phraseologisms is that they are frequently used in the language of scientific, business and journalistic style. These are expressions from ancient literature, Greek and Latin phraseologies without translation. The construction of phrases assumes certain types and means of syntax, semantics and grammatical features of components, lexical and stylistic differentiation of components. The main role in the formation of the utterance is given to the verb, since it expresses the mode of action (punitive, conditional ...), its completeness or incompleteness, conditionality or unconditionality. In addition to grammatical meanings, the verb assumes its own semantics i.e. compatibility of the verb with nouns, adverbs or prepositions. An important role is played by the phenomenon of the propagation of the value of components or components of phraseology, when additional components enhance or actualize the fundamental value of phraseology and add more expressiveness to the given phraseological unit. Particular attention is given to phrases in which the internal form is conditioned by the use of prepositions, conjunctions, which serve to convey various circumstantial meanings. That is, additional components actualize the fundamental importance of phraseologism. Key words: phraseologies; literal meaning; idioms; images.

Morphological and anatomical characterization of ectomycorrhizas and ectendomycorrhizas on Pinus strobus seedlings in a southern Ontario nursery

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2057-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Ursic ◽  
R. Larry Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Thelephora Terrestris ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Conifer Seedlings ◽  
The Given ◽  
Pot Culture

A morphological and anatomical study of the mycorrhizas on Pinus strobus L. was conducted on seedlings excavated from St.-Williams nursery in southern Ontario. Micro- and macro-scopic characters were used to classify the morphotypes into complexes and, when possible, genera and species. An E-strain fungus, fungi from the Mycelium radicis atrovirens (MRA) complex, and an unidentified ascomycetous "red-type" fungus formed ectendomycorrhizal (EECM) associations, while Tuber sp., Hebeloma sp., and Thelephora terrestris formed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations in the nursery. Cultures of Hebeloma sp., the E-strain fungus, Tuber sp., and two morphologically distinct MRA fungi (MRA1, later identified as Phialophora finlandia Wang & Wilcox, and MRA2, unidentified) were isolated from field-collected morphotypes and re-inoculated onto Pinus strobus seedlings grown in semisterile pot cultures for 4 months. In the resynthesis experiment, the E-strain fungus formed EECM with sparse intracellular colonization, and Tuber sp. formed ECM with characteristic cystidia and densely packed mantles, as they had in the field. However, unlike the MRA field specimens, Phialophora finlandia formed ECM in pot culture. Hebeloma sp., normally an ECM former with conifer seedlings, did not form mycorrhizal structures under the given culture conditions, and neither did the MRA2 isolate. Key words: ectomycorrhiza, ectendomycorrhiza, Pinus strobus, Tuber sp., Phialophora finlandia, E-strain.

scholarly journals THE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN UNDERSTANDING CROSSCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: A STUDY AT XI GRADE STUDENT OF SMK NEGERI 1 BATULAYAR

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derah Mayanto
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
Grade Student ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Crosscultural Communication ◽  
Pragmatic Knowledge ◽  
The Given ◽  
Hotel Accommodation

This paper investigates the students’ English pragmatic competence in understanding crossculturalcommunication. There were eighteen communicative situations designed in threedifferent speech acts namely; handling complaint, request and refusal. The situationspresented were very similar to the authentic situation that students found during the joborientation for six months in tourism industry. Three instruments were used in collecting thedata; questionnaires, discourse completion tests (DCTs) and interview. The multiple choicequestionnaire was used to investigate the students’ pragmatic understanding in three deferentspeech acts. Meanwhile DCTs was used to investigate the students’ pragmatic knowledge ingiving response to the given situations related to three different speech acts. Interviewquestion was used to clarify the missing information and to strengthen the reason why suchresponses were given in questionnaire and in DCTs. The sample of this study was 92 XIGrade students from Hotel Accommodation Program (AP) at SMK Negeri 1 Batulayar. Theresult show that the students ability in understanding pragmatic is considered very low, theyonly can understand the utterance from the literal meaning of words and phrases, but theimplied meaning of some particular utterances were uneasy to deal with. It is seen from thereported data that the average of the students’ responses in understanding pragmatics of thethree different speech acts is only 12.7%. The second three different speech acts in discoursecompletion test (DCTs) was also about giving response to the complaint, request and refusal.DCTs were used to investigate the students’ ability in using their pragmatic knowledge toresponse the nine situational communicative designed. The finding show that the students’ability in giving the written response were vary and less impressive. The written responsesin three different speech acts prompt were potentially led to a pragmatic inability inmaintaining the smooth conversation in various situations.

Conceptual model of necessity of climacteric disorders of overcoming (Clinical lecture)

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Z. Dubossarskya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
The Given ◽  
Clinical Lecture

Problems and prospects of extension of life of woman are discussed in the given article, taking into account that МHТ gives an opportunity of improvement of quality of life with realized of minimum risks at the observance of international and Ukrainian recommendations. Creation of conceptual model of overcoming of climacteric disorders and cardiovascular events on the basis of totality of risk factors will allow to the hormonotherapy to improve indexes and life-span of woman. Key words: quality of life, stopping HRT, menopause.

Categories of gender and number and infinitive in Arabic borrowings in the modern Spanish language

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Lalə Baladadaş qızı İbadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
Gender Category ◽  
The Given ◽  
Language Issues

The article called “Category of the gender and number and infinitive in Arabic borrowings in the modern Spanish language” issues of relative gender and number of Spanish words of Arabic origin. It is pointed out that the number of words in the sourse language may not always coinside with the same parameters of the language accepting these borrowings. Alsa cases of hesetations, relatively connected with this problem are also considered. Infinitives of the first, second and the fourth nature of infinitives are studied as well in the article. The article partially reflects the consideration of the given scientific problem. Key words: morphological indications, formal gender category, regular plural, internal plural

EVOLUTION OF THE PERIMETER TOWN PLANNING COMPOSITION OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN SAMARA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
I. A KOTENKO
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Given ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City

The paper analyses the results of one kind of city-planning composition in Samara. The author underlines the main role of the perimeter composition in the city-planning of the historic city. Special features of the given composition in different historic periods of Samara from the first plans till nowadays are described in the paper. The article is illustrated with the examples of perimeter compositions of residential development and the existing morthotypes of city blocks. The author makes the conclusion about the expediency of applying the best traditions of perimeter city-planning.

Scarce Resources: Philosophical Economics Reproduced

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-42
Author(s):  
Jacob Neusner
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Rational Utilization ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Religious System ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
New System

Abstract The heirs of the initial, philosophical Judaism, in the second century C.E. received a system in which the subject of economics—the rational disposition of scarce resources—was utilized in order to set forth a systemic statement of fundamental importance. While making every effort to affirm the details of that statement and apply them, their system repeated the given but made no significant use of what had been received. Instead the heirs of the Mishnah invented what we must call a counterpart-category, that is to say, a category that dealt with problems of the rational utilization of scarce resources, but not with those same scarce resources defined by the philosophical system of the Mishnah. The systemic category for the aborning religious system was not an economics, but corresponded, in the new system, to the position and role of economics in the old.

scholarly journals Differences in the Gene Expression Profiles of Slow- and Fast-Forming Preinduced Pluripotent Stem Cell Colonies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujin Kwon ◽  
Jung Sun Park ◽  
Byungkuk Min ◽  
Yong-Kook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Stochastic Events ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
The Given ◽  
Pluripotency Genes

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated through a gradual process in which somatic cells undergo a number of stochastic events. In this study, we examined whether two different doxycycline-inducible iPSCs, slow-forming 4F2A-iPSCs and fast-forming NGFP-iPSCs, have equivalent levels of pluripotency. Multiplex reverse-transcriptase PCR generated gene expression profiles (GEPs) of 13 pluripotency genes in single initially formed-iPSC (if-iPSC) colonies of NGFP and 4F2A group. Assessment of GEP difference using a weighted root mean square deviation (wRMSD) indicates that 4F2A if-iPSCs are more closely related to mESCs than NGFP if-iPSCs. Consistently,NanogandSox2genes were more frequently derepressed in 4F2A if-iPSC group. We further examined 20 genes that are implicated in reprogramming. They were, overall, more highly expressed in NGFP if-iPSCs, differing from the pluripotency genes being more expressed in 4F2A if-iPSCs. wRMSD analysis for these reprogramming-related genes confirmed that the 4F2A if-iPSC colonies were less deviated from mESCs than the NGFP if-iPSC colonies. Our findings suggest that more important in attaining a better reprogramming is the mode of action by the given reprogramming factors, rather than the total activity of them exerting to the cells, as the thin-but-long-lasting mode of action in 4F2A if-iPSCs is shown to be more effective than its full-but-short-lasting mode in NGFP if-iPSCs.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED AND NET OPERATING PROFIT AFTER TAX: A CASE STUDY OF DIVIS LABORATORIES AND LUPIN LIMITED

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Dr. Martina M. Noronha ◽  
Ms. Deepa S. Pamnani
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Operating Profit ◽  
The Given

The purpose of this paper is to study relationship between Economic Value added and Net Operating Profit After Taxes Divis Laboratories and Lupin Limited. The period of study is 10 years ranging from 2009-10 to 2018-2019. Association is found between Economic Value Added and Net Operating Profit after Taxes for the given series and data is analysed by regression. ANOVA test is used to perform hypothesis testing. The study concludes that there is a positive relationship between EVA and Net Operating Profit After Taxes. KEY WORDS: Economic Value Added, Net Operating Profit after Tax

scholarly journals PERSENTASE BOBOT KARKAS AYAM PEDAGING SETELAH PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI DOSIS MINYAK BUAH MERAH (Pandanus Conodeus. lam)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Untung Untung
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
The Given

This study was designed using a complete randomized design (RAL) with four treatments and each treatment was repeated as many as 5m (five) times to obtain 20 experimental units, each experimental unit consisting of 5 (five) chickens. The tested treatment was giving various doses of red fruit oil with the application of mouth drops. The given dose is 0 cc / tail (0 drops), 0.05 cc / tail (1 drop), 0.1 cc / head (2 drops), and 0.15 cc / tail (3 drops). Red (Pandanus Conodeus Lam) dose of 0.15 cc (3 drops) increased live weight gain and best carcass weight at week V and significantly different from control treatment and 0.05 cc / head. Provision of 0.15 cc red fruit oil (3 drops) resulted in live weight of 2.046 kg / head, carcass weight of 1,462 kg and percentage of carcasses 71%. Key Words : Red Fruits (Pandanus Conodeus. lam), Broiler, Weight of carcasses 

scholarly journals Evolution of compulsory state life and health insurance of the penal system employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 234 (11) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER I. MACHKASOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Current State ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Compulsory Insurance ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Compulsory State

The article examines the main stages of the formation and development of compulsory state life and health insurance of employees of institutions and bodies of the penal system. The purpose of the study is to identify key changes in regulatory legal acts that are of fundamental importance for improving the efficiency of the type of insurance considered. The article focuses on the norms of domestic legislation, as well as legal relations associated with obtaining insurance payments. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the analysis, synthesis, induction, systemstructural, formal-logical and historical methods. As a result of the work carried out, there were summarized the results of the legislator's activities, corresponding to the strategic directions of the development of domestic compulsory insurance, the current state of compulsory state life and health insurance of the penal system employees was outlined, which, in turn, allowed researchers in this area of activity to determine further vectors for the development of this type of insurance. Key words: compulsory state insurance, life, health, employees, penal system.

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