scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NODULOUS AND ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA SEEDS INOCULATION UPON THE SOYA VARIETIES YIELD UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
О. D. Dubinska ◽  
L. V. Tytova
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Legume Seeds

Relevance of research.To increase the effectiveness of symbiotic fixation in recent years, the complex inoculation of legume seeds with nodulousbacteria along with endophytic bacteria is used.However, the issue of the inoculant use effectivenessbased on rhizobia and endophytic bacteria is still not well studied  enough.So, an assessment of their effectiveness is extremely important for the further development of existing scientific knowledge about the microbial and plant symbiosis of leguminous crops. Along with the above, the involvement of nitrogen from the air into the nutrients circulation by legumes provides the ecological improvement of the environment. The purpose of scientificresearches is to specify the effectiveness of the effect of complex inoculation of seeds by the strains of nodulous and endophytic bacteria on the yield of different varieties of soybean under the irrigatedconditions of the southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. Materials and methods of research.Two-factor field experiment is based on the split plot method in a four-time repetition, where the main plots (first-order plots), factor A – varieties of soya: ultra-fast-growing –Diona and mid-growing –Aratta, subplots(second-order plots), factor B –inoculation of seeds with different strains of nodulous and endophytic bacteria: Control 1 (without seed water treatment); Control 2 (seed water treatment); RyzobinK(association of three strains of Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum: B.japonicum of УКМВ-6018, УКМВ-6023, УКМВ-6035); RyzobinK+ Ranibacillus sp.1; RyzobinK + Bacillus sp.4; RyzobinK + Brevibacillus sp.5; RyzobinK + Pseudomonas sp.6; RisobinK + Bacillus megateriumУКМВ-5724.Soybean sowing was carried out in the third decade of April with a seeder «Клен» with a rows width of 45 cm to a depth of 6 cm. The seed rate of Diona varietyis 800000 and Aratta– 600000 similar seeds per 1 hectare. The influence of weather and climatic conditions on the soybean crop formation was specified by determining the potential evaporation, moisture deficit and humidity coefficient. The evaporation and lack of moisture supply during the interphase periods of studied soybean varieties significantly changed and depended on the average daily temperature and relative air humidity and the amount of precipitation fallen during the growing season. Results of the research and their discussion.The application of strains of nodulous and endophytic bacteria during inoculation of seed material significantly influenced the yield of different soybean varieties. On average, in 2017-2018, the highest yield of soybean seeds was obtained from pre-sowing inoculation with nodulous bacteria, which is the basis of RisobinK, in combination with endophytic bacteria.In particular, the maximum yield of Dionavariety was formed during pre-sowing inoculation of seeds RisobinK + Bacillus sp.4 – 3,12 t/ha, Aratta variety – 2,55 t/ha. The high yield of soybean Diona variety – 2,85 t/ha and Aratta variety – 2.40 t/ha were also obtained for inoculation of seeds by the bacterial complex RisobinK + Brevibacillus sp.5. The lowest yield of both sorts of soy was obtained in the version Control 1 (without seed treatment with water) – 2,27 t/ha Diona variety and 2,13 t/ha –Aratta variety. Conclusions.Thus, the seeds crop formation of different varieties of Diona and Aratta soybeans under the conditions of regional dry (95%) climate change in 2017-2018, significantly depended on the hydrothermal conditions of the vegetation period and the symbiosis of nodulous and endophytic bacteria on the irrigated land of the southern subzone Steppe of Ukraine.Pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds varieties with the nodulous and endophytic bacteria, in comparison with the control variants, significantly influenced the formation of soya varieties crop, and increased the yield of Dionavariety by 0,58-0,85 t/ha and the Aratta variety – 0,27-0,42 t/ha.

scholarly journals Development and characteristics of selected soybean traits under the climatic conditions of Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Edward Warzecha
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Trials with 200 soybean mutants from GDR revealed, that only 34 (17%) of them ripened under the conditions of Central Poland. There results corrborate the frequent opinion about the poor adaptability of this species. The length of the vegetation period of the tested mutants was between 146 and 163 days, with wide differences in various years of testing. Mutants: M-4855, M-4961, M-4149 and M-4852 had short vegetation period therefore there are interesting for breeders. These mutants together with other forms with a longer vegetation period but characterized by other desirable traits could be used as components in breeding programmes. The variability of many characters was highly affected by the environment. Morphological traits being more stable and determined by the genotype. Protein and fat content in seeds from the tested materials were within the limits commonly found in soybean seeds in Poland.

ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN SELECTION NUMBERS

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Е. V. Gureeva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Seed Growing

In modern world plant growing soybeans are among the most important protein-oil crops and continue to gain popularity among Russian farmers. The total area under soybean in season 17/18 increased to 2.64 million hectares (+ 18% against season 16/17), with an increase of 21% in the European part of Russia, and 1.64 million tons of oilseeds were harvested. To obtain a high yield with good seed quality, it is very important to create very early, highly productive, ecologically adapted varieties for specific soil and climatic conditions. In the conditions of the Institute of Seed Growing and Agrotechnology - the branch of the FBBUU FNAC VIM in 2013-2017. in breeding nurseries an analysis of the variability of quantitative soybean characteristics was carried out. It has been established that such a feature as the duration of the growing season is characterized by weak variability (6.1%). The average variable characteristics include the number of productive nodes on the plant, the mass of seeds from 1 plant and the mass of 1000 seeds. The widest range of variability (27.3-41.8%) is observed in terms of: plant height, number of branches and beans on the plant, seed yield. In our studies, the lowest coefficient of variation (Cv) was found in the George variety - 24.8%. Studies have shown that the yield of seed varieties of varieties over the years ranged from 0.79 to 3.04 t / ha. The evaluation of the soybean breeding material for productivity in different years of research in meteorological conditions showed that the most productive and stable, irrespective of weather conditions, are H 24/11 and H 2/14 varieties with a vegetation period of 102 days.

Irrigation of soybean under environments of Prialeyskaya steppe

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
A.S. Davydov ◽  
R. G. Gornostal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Main Factor

Soybean is one of the most important agricultural crops, which although in general very unpretentious, but under the environments of the Altai Territory (Prialeyskaya steppe) it is almost impossible to obtain consistently high yields due to unfavorable climatic conditions. The main factor in obtaining consistently high yields and involving additional areas for soybean crop in this climatic zone is the use of complex agrotechnical techniques, namely regular irrigation. The purpose of the work was to develop an optimal mode of soybean irrigation under the environments of the Prialeyskaya steppe in the Altai Territory. The possibility of effective soybean cultivation on the irrigated lands of the arid Prialeyskaya steppe in the Altai Territory has been theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed in the paper. The regularities of the influence of different irrigation regimes on soybean productivity have been established. The specific water consumption per unit of marketable output has been determined depending on the irrigation regime. The relations of grain yield with the change of irrigation regime have been established. The maximum yield of soybean grain has been obtained in the 80% LMC variant (the lowest moisture capacity), which was 3,3 t/ha in 2016. The average yield for 3 years of research was 3,1 t/ha and exceeded the yield on the control variant by 2,1 t/ha. In the 80% LMC variant but with the treatment of soybean seeds before sowing with an inoculant the average yield was 3,5 t/ha, which exceeded the yield in the control variant by 2,5 t/ha. Also in the 80% LMC variant and with inoculant seed treatment the yield of soybean grain exceeded the yield in the non-treated variant by 0,4 t/ha. Thus, it has been established that to obtain the maximum yield of soybean under the environments of the Prialeyskaya steppe should support the level of pre-irrigation soil moisture at 80% LMC.

scholarly journals Рroductivity of soybean varieties in the inoculation of seeds by nodule and endophytic bacteria in the conditions of irrigation of South of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
S. P. Goloborodko ◽  
G. O. Iutinskaya ◽  
L. V. Tytova ◽  
O. D. Dubinska
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Paenibacillus Sp

Formulation of the problem. Soybeans as leguminous crops in the structure of Ukrainian cultivated area, has started to occupy one of the leading places in recent years due to the high content of protein - up to 38-42%, fat - up to 18-23% and carbohydrates - up to 25- 30% in its seeds. One of the most effective ways to increase the soybean seed productivity is the use of environmentally friendly inoculants created on the basis of nodules bacteria. Analysis of the recent researches and publications. According to the results of scientific researches, conducted in different natural and climatic zones of Ukraine, inoculation of soybean seeds with nodules bacteria significantly increases the symbiotic fixation of molecular nitrogen from air and, consequently the crop yield. It was established that endophytic bacteria along with the nodules bacteria are able to form a powerful symbiotic apparatus on the roots, synthesize biologically active metabolites characterized by antimicrobial action on phytopathogens, or are inducers of systemic plant resistance preventing them from the disease development. Tasks and methods of the research. The aim of the scientific research was to establish the effect of complex seed inoculation  with the new endophytic bacteria strains along with the nodules bacteria on the formation of crops and the quality of soybean in different varieties of maturing under irrigation conditions in the south of Ukraine. The two-factor field experiment was carried out using the method of split plots, where the main plots (first-order plots, factor A) were the ultra-maturing (Diona) and mid-early (Aratta) soybean varieties. Second-order plots (subdivisions, factor B) were the options for pre-sowing seed treatment: 1 - Check 1 (without seed treatment); 2 - Check 2 (treatment of seeds with water); 3 - RizobinK (association of 3 strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum UKM B-6018, UKM B-6023, UKM B-6035); 4 - RizobinK + Paenibacillus sp.1; 5 - RisobinK + Bacillus sp.4; 6 - RizobinK + Brevibacillus sp.5; 7 - RhizobinK + Pseudomonas brassicacearum 6; 8 - RizobinK + B. megaterium UKM B-5724. Presentation of the main material. The total evaporation and total water consumption of soybean varieties different in maturing were determined by a water balance method based on the moisture content of the soil at the beginning and at the end of growing season, use of water for crop formation in the interphase periods and during the whole growing season, taking into account rainfall and irrigation. Generally, the total water consumption of the ultra-maturing soybean variety Diona reached 5102 m3/ha from 0-70 cm of soil layer, and respectively, of the Aratta variety – 5832 m3/ha during the growing season. Pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds of different maturing varieties with nodules and endophytic bacteria contributed to the formation of more number of beans on plants and seeds in one bean. The maximum yield of the Diona variety that was obtained by pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with RizobinK + Bacillus sp.4 was 3.19 t/ha, and respectively, of the Aratta variety – 2.75 t/ha. The maximum protein content  of 39.06-39.28% was in the seeds of Diona soybean in the variants where pre-sowing inoculation was carried out with the compositions RizobinK + Brevibacillus sp.5 and RizobinK + P. brassicacearum 6, which exceeded the parameters of Check 1 and Check 2 in 1.45-1.67 and 1.66-1.88 times, respectively. The high fat content was obtained in the seeds of the Diona variety by complex inoculation with the compositions RizobinK + Brevibacillus sp.5 and RizobinK + P.brassicacearum 6 (17.65 and 17.83%, respectively) and in the seeds of Aratta for the treatment with the complex inoculants RizobinK + Bacill. sp.4 and RizobinK + Brevibacillus sp.5 (18.62 and 18.84%) against 15.67–15.90% and 15.21–15.38% in the check variants of the respective varieties. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seed varieties with nodules and endophytic bacteria, in comparison with the check variants, significantly influenced on the formation of the total number of beans on plants and seeds in one bean, which increased the yield of the Diona variety by 0.57–0.87 t/ha and the Aratta variety by 0.32–0.48 t/ha.

scholarly journals Влияние регуляторов роста на урожайность и качество ягод столовых сортов винограда в условиях Приднестровья

2019 ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Elena Ghinda ◽  
Valery Khlebnikov ◽  
Natalia Treskina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Average Maximum

Проведены исследования по применению регуляторов роста гиббереллина, мицефита, циркона и НВ-101 для обработки растений винограда сортов столового направления использования Лора и Аркадия в условиях Приднестровского региона. В период вегетации растения винограда обрабатывали дважды водными растворами следующих препаратов: гиббереллин (100 мг/л, St), мицефит в двух концентрациях -10 и 100 мг/л, циркон - 0,4 мл/л и НВ-101 - 0,05 мл/л. В статье приведены результаты двухлетних полевых опытов по изучению влияния регуляторов роста растений на урожайность и сахаристость сока ягод винограда. Установлена эффективность применения регуляторов роста в зависимости от климатических условий в период вегетации. Для винограда сорта Аркадия условия 2017 года были более благоприятными в сравнении с 2018 годом, что и обусловило более высокую урожайность контрольных растений в 2017 году - 19,8 против 12,8 т/га. Урожайность контрольных растений сорта Лора в годы исследований была практически на одном уровне и составляла 9,2-9,3 т/га. В более увлажненных условиях 2017 года обработка регуляторами роста оказалась неэффективной. Существенная прибавка урожая у сорта Аркадия - 4,2 т/га была получена лишь в варианте применения мицефита в концентрации 10 мл/л. Более эффективной была обработка регуляторами роста мицефит, циркон и НВ-101 в 2018 году, обеспечившая существенное увеличение урожайности с 12,8 до 15,5-20,4 т/га без снижения его качества. Средняя максимальная урожайность была отмечена в варианте обработки препаратом НВ-101. Обработка растений сорта Лора регуляторами роста обеспечила значительное повышение урожайности, но снизила сахаристость сока ягод. Наибольший эффект от их применения был отмечен в более засушливом 2018 году. Таким образом, применение регуляторов роста обеспечивает повышение урожайности и качества ягод винограда сортов Лора и Аркадия в зависимости от климатических условий года исследований.The study examined the effect of growth regulators gibberellin, micefit, zircon and NV-101 on table grapevine cultivars ‘Lora’ and ‘Arсadia’ in Transnistrian region. During vegetation grapevine plants were treated twice by aqueous solutions of the following preparations: gibberellin (100 mg/l, St), micefit in two concentrations-10 and 100 mg/l, zircon-0.4 ml/l and NV-101-0.05 ml/l. The paper summarizes findings of the two-year field trials conducted to study the effects of plant growth regulators on the yield and sugar content of the juice of grapes. The study established the effectiveness of growth regulators depending on climatic conditions during vegetation period. Year conditions of 2017 were more favourable for ‘Arcadia’ grapes as compared to 2018, which resulted in higher yields on control plants in 2017 - 19.8 t/ha. vs. 12.8 t/ha. The yield of control plants of ‘Lora’ vines was pretty much unchanged during the study years, and made 9.2 -9.3 t/ha. In the more humid conditions of 2017 treatment with growth regulators proved ineffective. Substantial positive yield response of ‘Arcadia’ grapes, specifically 4.2 t/ha, was obtained only in the trial variant of micefit application at a concentration of 10 ml/l. Treatment with growth regulators micefit, zircon and NV-101 in 2018 proved more effective, and demonstrated substantial increase from 12.8 to 15.5 - 20.42 t/ha without reducing the grape quality. The average maximum yield was recorded in the trial variant of treatment with NV-101 preparation. Treatment of ‘Lora’ with growth regulators provided a significant yield increase, but reduced sugar content in the berry juice. The strongest effect from the use of the preparations was registered in a more arid 2018. Thus, application of growth regulators increases productivity and quality of ‘Lora’ and ‘Arcadia’ grapevine cultivars depending on climatic conditions of the research year.

EFFECT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON CROP QUALITY AND YIELD IN LONG-TERM STATIONARY EXPERIMENT IN THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE CIS-URALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
N.E. ZAVYALOVA ◽  
◽  
D.G. SHISHKOV
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather

A stationary field experiment carried out in 1978 on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil (Eutric Albic Retisols (Abruptic, Loamic, Cutanic)) found that the application of mineral fertilizers in increasing doses led to acidification of the soil by the end of the fifth crop rotation in the arable layer with pH 5.6 when laying the experiment to pH 4.5 in the (NPK)150 variant. The use of NPK at 90–150 kg ai/ha contributed to the preservation of the initial humus level, an increase in the content of mobile phosphorus to 452 and exchangeable potassium to 403 mg/kg. The yield of cereals, potatoes and meadow clover in the crop rotation depended on hydrothermal conditions during the growing season of plants and the level of mineral nutrition. The yield of winter rye amounted to 4.51–4.85 t/ha and practically did not depend on the dose of fertilizers applied. As an NPK dose increased, the protein content in winter rye grain increased from 8.32% in the control samples to 11.57% in the samples with the maximum dose of the complex fertilizer. Potatoes produced a maximum yield (21.81 t/ha) when fertilized at a dose of 90 kg/ha. At increased doses of NPK in potato tubers, a decrease in starch content and an increase in nitrates above MAC were observed. The best indicators of yield (2.5 t/ha) and spring wheat quality were determined on options (NRK)60 and (NRK)90, the increase in control was 0.76–0.82 t/ha. The highest content of protein (18.41%) and gluten (37.48%) in wheat grain was determined by applying NPK at a rate of 60 kg ai/ha. High weediness of crops and adverse weather conditions did not provide for full implementation of the yield potential of meadow clover. In the conditions of the dry growing season of 2016, the maximum yield of barley was obtained by applying a full mineral fertilizer at a rate of 120–150 kg ai/ha (2.54–2.79 t/ha), the surplus to the option without the use of fertilizers was 0.99–1.24 t/ha (НСР05 = 0.15). The Stayer spring oats produced a maximum yield of 5.43 t/ha with NPK application at a rate of 90 kg ai/ha. The nitrogen content in the grain was very low and did not depend on the application of mineral fertilizers.

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Calculation Step ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

Experience of soybean cultivation in the Kaluga Department of Agricultural Machinery SC.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Sergeev ◽  
◽  
A.Yu. Pivkin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
High Seed Yield

The experience of cultivation of soybeans in SC "Agricultural machinery" of the Kaluga region on an area of 190 hectares shows that the soybean variety Alaska is sufficiently adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of this region, provides a high seed yield (up to 32 c / ha) and a high yield (up to 1344 kg / ha) relatively inexpensive protein. However, this variety has a long growing season (95-105 days) and therefore desiccation of crops is required for harvesting for seeds.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Yield and seed productivity of pear rootstock forms in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
A. I. Lokhova ◽  
E. Z. Savin ◽  
A. M. Rusanov ◽  
A. A. Mushinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Typical Soil

The article presents the results of studying the diversity of pear rootstock forms in terms of yield and seed productivity. The research was carried out at the experimental sites of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture of AllRussian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and the Botanical Garden of the Orenburg State University in 2017-2019, in typical soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg city. The purpose of the study is to identify pear rootstock forms characterized by high yield and stable seed productivity for use in the future as a seed rootstock. During the research, 15 pear accessions were studied; the planting scheme was 6x4 m. As a result of research, it was found that the rootstock form Temno-zelenaya is characterized by a high yield (40 kg/tree). High seed productivity of more than 6 seeds in one fruit was observed in samples: Vernaya (6.0-6.5 pcs.), SK-1, SK-3 (6.1-7.8 pcs.), SK-2 (7.0-7.5 pcs.), Chang Bai Li (7.4-7.7 pcs.), Semennaya 214 (7.5-7.8 pcs.). It was revealed that the Xiao he Bai Li variety is characterized by the maximum weight of 1000 seeds (65.2 g). Analysis of accessions by seed yield established that a consistently high yield is observed in the varieties Chang Bai Li (2.5-4.2 %), Vernaya (3.96-4.18 %) and forms SK-1 (2.0-3.25%), SK-2 (2.25-2.75 %), SK-3 (1.43-4.0 %). Pear rootstock forms Chang Bai Li, Vernaya, Semennaya 214, SK-1, SK-2, SK-3 were identifi ed, which can be recommended for production testing as seed pear rootstocks for the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

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