scholarly journals RNA: DNA Ratio and Growth Performance of Rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Fed Varied Proportion of Protein Diet during Intensive Aquaculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Shyam Narayan Labh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Dna Contents ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture ◽  
Weight Groups

An experiment was conducted at Corona of Agriculture (COA)”, Gunjanagar-3, Chitwan, Nepal to complete a project granted by University Grant Commission (UGC), Second Higher Education Project (SHEP) in 2013. Four (average 380 m2) ponds (W, X, Y and Z) with four different diets as D1 (20%), D2 (30%), D3 (40%) and D4 (50%) protein contents were used to conduct the experiment properly to determine the varied proportion of dietary protein on the growth performance of major carp rohu Labeo Rohita (H) in relation with RNA: DNA ratio. After 12th weeks of culture, average length, average weight and specific growth rate of fish were found significantly (P<0.05) higher in the carp with D3 and D4 diet fed fish. Similar results were observed in average total protein, albumin and globulin contents. RNA content increased rapidly with age. The average RNA content increased highest in D2 and D3 diet fed fish while, DNA content were highest in D3 diet fed fish.  RNA: DNA ratio was recorded highest in D2 and D3 diet fed fish. RNA: DNA ratio, an indicator of protein synthesis and have been used to accurately estimate the growth rate and feeding condition of fish hence, as the dose of protein increased RNA and DNA contents also increased with age of carp cultured during experiment. Thus, it was clear from this study that the incorporation of protein in diet enhances the growth of fish regardless of species weight groups and the doses, as the average weight of fish was significantly lower in control diet fed fish as compared to the treated one. 

The effect of dietary concentrations of digestible energy on the performance and carcass characteristics of early-weaned pigs

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
M. R. Taverner ◽  
P. D. Mullaney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

SUMMARYFifty-four pigs weaned at 3 weeks of age were allocated at an average weight of 5·4 kg to two experiments to examine the effects of diets having digestible energy (DE) concentrations ranging from 2910 to 3940 kcal/kg.In the first experiment pig growth performance and the dry-matter digestibility of the experimental diets were measured between 3 and 8 weeks of age. The composition of the carcass at 8 weeks of age was correlated with the composition of various carcass joints.In the second experiment pig growth performance was measured over the live-weight range 5-4 to 20 kg.The findings were:1. Growth rate was linearly related to DE intake.2. The optimum DE level for maximum growth was 3640 kcal/kg.3. The efficiency of utilization of DE for growth did not vary in the first experiment but was poorest at a DE concentration of 3245 kcal/kg in the second.4. The DE content of the diet had no significant effect on carcass characteristics at 8 weeks of age in the first experiment or at 20 kg live weight in the second.5. The proportion of fat and lean in the 8-week carcass was significantly (P < 0·01) correlated with that of the shoulder joint.

scholarly journals Effects of Fruits of Lapsi (Nepali Hog Plum) Choerospondias axillaris (roxb.) b.l.Burtt & a.w.Hill on Some Blood Parameters of Major Carp rohu Labeo rohita(H) During Intensive Aquaculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Shubha Ratna Shakya ◽  
Shyam Narayan Labh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture ◽  
And Control

 The complete blood cell count (CBC) is an important and powerful diagnostic tool to monitor the health status of fish in response to changes related to nutrition, water quality, and disease in response to therapy.Thus, the present study was about to know the effect of lapsi fruit pulp (Choerospondias axillaris) on some blood parameters in the fingerlings of rohu Labeo rohita cultured in Corona of Agriculture Hatchery farm, Chitwan, Nepal. Altogether eighteen hapas made of heavy-duty nylon net (1.5m3) were kept and placed inside the pond, distributed linearly, and then 270 fingerlings (@15 fishes/ hapa) were kept distributed randomly. Six practical diets like T1 (0.0 g kg-1), T2 (0.1 g kg-1), T3 (0.2 g kg-1), T4 (0.4 g kg-1), T5 (0.8 g kg-1) and T6 (1.6 g kg-1) were prepared. Feed containing 40% protein was supplemented with the ethanol extract of lapsi fruits. At the end of 90 days of the feeding trial, a significant difference (P< 0.05) in blood parameters were observed between the treated and control diet-fed groups. Hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), packed cell volume (PCV), and other erythrocyte indices were recorded higher in the treated groups. RBC, WBC, Hct, and Hb were found significantly higher in the T4 (0.4 %) diet-fed group. The study showed a minimum of 0.4 % (0.4g kg-1) lapsi fruit extract needed in fish feeds to increase blood parameters to enhance growth and immunity.

scholarly journals Effect of Squillameal on the Growth and Nutritive Value of Labeo rohita (Ham)

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. RAO ◽  
K. SATISH KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Protein Level ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Groundnut Oil

It has been well established that animal protein performs better than plant protein in the growth and nutritive value of cultivable fish. By far the most suitable animal protein for incorporation into fish diets is fish meal. Fish meal is almost always made from marine fish, and can be based on the by-catches or a product of a specific fishery (De Silva and Anderson, 1995). Squilla species, a marine stomatopod generally called as mantis shrimp, is found in abundance along the Indian coast. The fine powder obtained from grinding the whole body of sun dried squilla species is known as squillameal, which has an excellent nutritive value. Taking this into consideration, it has been proposed to evaluate the suitability of incorporation of squilla meal as animal protein, in the traditional feed (rice bran and groundnut oil cake mixture) of Labeo rohita. For this purpose experiments have been conducted on the fingerlings (of an average weight of 5.33±0.13g) of L. rohita, for 90 days in the laboratory with 35% protein level traditional feed as control diet and 35%and 40% protein level feeds, formulated with squilla meal, as test diets. All the ingredients of these diets have been sieved, steam cooked after through mixing with water, pelletized with the help of a pellet mill and then dried in a hot air oven with blower at about 50o C. The dry pellets of these diets have been used to feed the experimental fingerlings of L. rohita to study the Absolute growth, Specific growth rate (S.G.R), Food conversion ratio (F.C.R), Protein efficiency ratio (P.E.R), and Apparent protein digestibility (A.P.D). The observations revealed that the performance of both the test diets formulated with squilla meal, is far superior to that of the control diet. However, from among the two formulated diets, the one with 35% of animal protein performed better in every respect. Proximate analyses of all the three diets and fish flesh have been carried out to evaluate the relative performance of the two animal protein incorporated artificial diets. The details are dealt in the present paper.

scholarly journals Multi-omics analysis to examine microbiota, host gene expression and metabolites in the intestine of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) with different growth performance

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9646
Author(s):  
Tanaporn Uengwetwanit ◽  
Umaporn Uawisetwathana ◽  
Sopacha Arayamethakorn ◽  
Juthatip Khudet ◽  
Sage Chaiyapechara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
Black Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Weight Groups

Understanding the correlation between shrimp growth and their intestinal bacteria would be necessary to optimize animal’s growth performance. Here, we compared the bacterial profiles along with the shrimp’s gene expression responses and metabolites in the intestines between the Top and the Bottom weight groups. Black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) were collected from the same population and rearing environments. The two weight groups, the Top-weight group with an average weight of 36.82 ± 0.41 g and the Bottom-weight group with an average weight of 17.80 ± 11.81 g, were selected. Intestines were aseptically collected and subjected to microbiota, transcriptomic and metabolomic profile analyses. The weighted-principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on UniFrac distances showed similar bacterial profiles between the two groups, suggesting similar relative composition of the overall bacterial community structures. This observed similarity was likely due to the fact that shrimp were from the same genetic background and reared under the same habitat and diets. On the other hand, the unweighted-distance matrix revealed that the bacterial profiles associated in intestines of the Top-weight group were clustered distinctly from those of the Bottom-weight shrimp, suggesting that some unique non-dominant bacterial genera were found associated with either group. The key bacterial members associated to the Top-weight shrimp were mostly from Firmicutes (Brevibacillus and Fusibacter) and Bacteroidetes (Spongiimonas), both of which were found in significantly higher abundance than those of the Bottom-weight shrimp. Transcriptomic profile of shrimp intestines found significant upregulation of genes mostly involved in nutrient metabolisms and energy storage in the Top-weight shrimp. In addition to significantly expressed metabolic-related genes, the Bottom-weight shrimp also showed significant upregulation of stress and immune-related genes, suggesting that these pathways might contribute to different degrees of shrimp growth performance. A non-targeted metabolome analysis from shrimp intestines revealed different metabolic responsive patterns, in which the Top-weight shrimp contained significantly higher levels of short chain fatty acids, lipids and organic compounds than the Bottom-weight shrimp. The identified metabolites included those that were known to be produced by intestinal bacteria such as butyric acid, 4-indolecarbaldehyde and L-3-phenyllactic acid as well as those produced by shrimp such as acyl-carnitines and lysophosphatidylcholine. The functions of these metabolites were related to nutrient absorption and metabolisms. Our findings provide the first report utilizing multi-omics integration approach to investigate microbiota, metabolic and transcriptomics profiles of the host shrimp and their potential roles and relationship to shrimp growth performance.

scholarly journals Effect of feed supplemented exogenous bacteria, Lactobacillus sporogenes on the growth and body composition of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-591
Author(s):  
Laxmi Prasad ◽  
P. V. Rangacharulu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Cirrhinus Mrigala ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Exogenous Bacteria

Probiotics are known to improve the growth rate of aquatic organisms. Little experimentation has focused on supplementation of live colony forming units ofL.sporogenes in Cirrhinus mrigala to access the growth performance. A feeding trial was conducted for 50 days to study the effects of Lactobacillus sporogenes on growth and body composition of Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton-Buchnan, 1822) fingerlings. Fishes were fed with five experimental feeds containing 3.31x105 colony forming units (CFU)/100g-1 of L. sporogenes in diet D2 , 1.65×106 CFU/ 100g-1 in diet D3, 3.31×106 CFU/100g-1 in diet D4 and 4.96×106 CFU/100g-1 in diet D5. Control diet D1 was kept devoid of L. sporogenes. The diets prepared were containing 0.0% (D1), 0.1% (D2), 0.5% (D3), 1.0% (D4) and 1.5%(D5) of live cells of L. sporogenes CFU/100gm-1 of feed. Increasing trend of weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) improved food conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in treatments fed with probiotic added feeds than control feed. Best growth performance was found in the treatment fed with D4 of L. sporogenes containing 3.31×106 CFU 100g-1 of feed. At increased level 4.96×106 CFU 100g-1 of L. sporogenes inclusion the growth performance was dropped. Tissue protein content was also observed to be higher in animals fed with D4 feed. The lipid content was significantly (P<0.05) higher in fingerlings fed with control feed (D1). In short, L. sporogenes addition to a level of 3.31×106 CFU 100g-1 in feed improved growth performance of C. mrigala fingerlings. Therefore, it is evident that 3.31×106 CFU 100g-1 of feed of L. sporogenes can be considered as suitable concentration for attaining good growth in C.mrigala fingerlings.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Thyroxine Hormone (T4) Concentration on The Growth, Survival, and Pigment Development of Pink Zebra Fish Larvae (Brachydanio reiro)

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arifianto Heraedi ◽  
Slamet Budi Prayitno ◽  
Tristiana Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Zebra Fish ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Absolute Growth

The thyroxin hormone plays an important role in the process of metabolism, yolk sac absorbsion, and growth of fish. The aims of this research were to observe the effect of various concentration of thyroxin (T4) on the absolute growth weight, total length, survival rate, and pigment development of pink zebra fish larvae (Brachydanio reiro ) after being reared 42 days. The pink zebra fish larvae at 4 day age with the average weight of  0,002 – 0,003g and average length of ± 3.10 – 3.43 mm were immersed at various concentration of T4 for 24 hours. Prior the treatment fish larvae were dipped into 1 ppt salinity for 2 minutes then transferred into 1 Liter, 1ppt saline and various T4 in plastic bags. The thyroxin concentrations were A (0 mg / L); B (0.05 mg / L); C (0.10 mg / L) and D (0.15 mg / L) respectively. The stocking density was 40 fish/L. After that they were transferred into aquariums and reared for 42 days. Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with four treatments and three replications were used. The variables observed were absolute and specific growth, total length, survival rate and hue degree. The results showed that the thyroxin hormone had significant effect on absolute growth weight, total length and specific growth rate.  The dosage 0.1 mg/L was the best treatment on absolute growth, total length, and specific growth rate. Whilee the survival rate showed no significant differences across the treatments. Treatment C also demonstrated the best ppigment development (14.60 + 0.36º hue) compared to others.

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Survival of Larvae of Ompok pabda Produced from Vitamin E Treated Female Broodfish

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
MFA Mollah ◽  
MN Sarowar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Equal Dose ◽  
Brood Fish

An experiment was conducted to observe growth performance and survival of the larvae produced from the brood fish of Ompok pabda treated with 4 dietary levels of vitamin E for 90 days viz. 0 (served as control), 50, 100 and 150mg vitamin E/kg feed under 4 treatments i.e. treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4. After the feeding trials, the brood fish were induced to breed with equal dose of PG extract i.e. 12 and 18mg/kg body weight for male and female respectively and subsequently larvae were produced. The experiment was started with 5 days-old larvae having an average weight and length of 21.4 ± 8.6 mg and 13.8 ± 2.49 mm respectively in 16 bowls of 10l capacity divided into 4 treatments corresponding to the broods fish having 3 replications each with 100 larvae in each bowl i.e. 10 larvae per liter. After rearing for 28 days with live-food tubificid worms the highest growth rate in terms of weight (609.13 ± 15.20 mg) and length (86.70 ± 1.84 mm), gain in weight (587.78 ± 15.27 mg) and length (72.98 ± 1.81 mm), specific growth rate (30.36 ± 0.12%), health condition (16.63 ± 0.69 mg/mm) and survival (83.25 ± 2.87) were showed by the larvae produced from brood fish fed with 100 mg vitamin E/kg feed (treatment T3) while poorest was observed by the larvae produced from brood fish fed 150 mg vitamin E/kg feed. The results imply that inclusion of 100mg vitamin E/kg feed in the diet of O. pabda brood fish is best for enhancing growth and survival of larvae indicating that vitamin E has a positive impact. The results also suggest that inclusion of higher level of vitamin E in the diet exerts an antagonistic effect on the produced larvae.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v20i1-2.16864 Progress. Agric. 20(1 & 2): 125 – 132, 2009

scholarly journals Effects of Replacement of Fish Oil by a Mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata Seed Oils on the Growth and Survival of Clarias anguillaris Fries (Linnaeus, 1758)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Mariama Sagne ◽  
Jean Fall ◽  
Abdoulaye Loum ◽  
Pathe Karim Djiba ◽  
Diégane Ndong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Significant Difference

To investigate the effects of replacement of fish oil by a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata seed oils three isonitrogenous (35.36%) and isoenergetic diets (3.48 MJ / kg) were formulated for one kilogram (1kg). The study was carried out on fries Clarias anguillaris for six weeks.At the beginning of the experiment, 90 Clarias anguillaris of the initial average weight of 0.82 ± 0.055g were randomly divided into three different groups with two replicates containing 15 fish/each. Fish were kept in six plastic tanks (50 x 40 x 30 cm) container (50 L). The results showed that the substitution of fish oil by a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil gives growth for all diets. However, the best growths are obtained from all points of view (MWGr, MWGa and SGR) with diet A (mixture of Adansonia seed oil and Balanites seed oil at a ratio of 20 : 20) followed by the diet D (mixture of Adansonia seed oil and Balanites seed oil at 10 : 30) compare to the control diet M containing fish oil. The best FCR was observed with the diet A followed by the diet D compare to the FCR observed with the diet M. The PER was higher in diet A (0.57) followed by diet D with (0.45) that has no significant difference with the control diet M (0.43). The highest value 63% was obtained with the diet D followed by 60% with the diet M and finally the lowest value 53% was obtained with the diet A. In regards to the growth performance, fish fed a 100% vegetable oil diet showed the best growth performance. Therefore, the replacement of fish oil with a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil has no negative impact on the growth of Clarias anguillaris fry. It would be interesting first to study the inclusion rate of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil for a partial replacement of fish oil.

scholarly journals Insects in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) diets – comparison between full-fat, defatted, and de-chitinised meals, and oil and exoskeleton fractions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
P. Weththasinghe ◽  
J.Ø. Hansen ◽  
M. Rawski ◽  
D. Józefiak ◽  
S. Ghimire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Defatted Meal ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation ◽  
Fat Meal

The present study investigated the effect of meals and fractions of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) on the physical quality of feed pellets, nutrient utilisation, and growth performance. Six extruded diets were produced: control diet (CD); full-fat BSFL meal diet (IM); defatted BSFL meal diet (DFIM); de-chitinised BSFL meal diet (DCIM); BSFL oil diet (IO) and BSFL exoskeleton diet (EX). The full-fat, defatted and de-chitinised meals replaced 15% of protein in the control diet. An eight-week study was conducted using salmon with average 28 g initial weight. The full-fat and de-chitinised meals in the diets numerically reduced pellet hardness, expansion, and water stability. The full-fat and de-chitinised meals improved growth rate of salmon, whilst defatted meal, oil and exoskeleton supported similar growth performance as the control. Feed intake and growth rate of fish fed full-fat meal diet were higher than those fed the other insect diets, but defatted meal gave a better feed conversion ratio than full-fat meal. Defatted meal, de-chitinised meal and exoskeleton reduced protein digestibility in fish, however; defatted meal increased the digested protein retention. In conclusion, use of full-fat BSFL meal improved feed intake and growth rate of salmon when replacing 15% of dietary protein. The present results suggest that less processed fullfat form of BSFL is more optimal in diets for salmon and further processing to remove lipid or exoskeleton fractions would only lead to an additional cost.

scholarly journals Impact of dietary leaf extracts of Black pepper Piper nigrum L. on the growth, hematological and immunological parameters of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) cultured in glass aquaria

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ullah ◽  
H. Azmat ◽  
Z. Masood ◽  
F. Arooj ◽  
S. M. Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Average Weight

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Piper nigrum (black pepper) leaf extract on on the growth performance, proximate composition, hematological parameters, and immune response of Labeo rohita fingerlings with an average weight of 22.14 ± 0.98g. Aftrer acclimation for two weeks, fish (n=25) were randomly selected and placed in four glass aquaria (T0, T1, T2 and T3) at constant water temperature (30.0 ± 1.0 °C), pH (7.50 ± 0.5) and total hardness (200 ± 2.0 mgL,-1) for a period of 12 weeks, with three replicates each. Fish were fed with P. nigrum leaf extract supplemented feed @ 0.0%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 3.0% in T0, T1,T2 and T3, respectively. At the end of experiment, five fish were randomly selected from each aquaria for proximate composition, gut and skin microbial load, hematological parameters. Total proteins, albumins, and globulins were also recorded to evaluate immunological memory. The result revealed that fish in T2 showed better growth performance with an average weight gain of 56.11 ± 0.51 g. Thus, it had been concluded that Piper nigrum, a medicinal plant, can also be used to enhance the growth performance and immune response of Labeo rohita as attractive alternatives against antibiotics and vaccines and has shown no negative side effects on fish health as well as on its environment.

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