scholarly journals Collectivist Logic in Comparative Genocide Studies and in the Battles for Memory

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-60
Author(s):  
Lech M. Nijakowski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Collective Guilt ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Genocide Studies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Relationship

The article aims to present the mechanisms of collectivist logic as it functions in three areas: (1) in the historical comparative analysis of genocides – the basic method of genocidestudies; (2) in the activities of the organizations of victims and survivors, as well as in actions undertaken by animal rights activists; (3) in nationalist discourses and in the politics of memory. Collectivist logic is a set of operations that address human communities – groups of individuals linked together by significant social bonds and interests, and perceived as culturally distinctive – as the subject of history. As a result of the application of such logic, we may think about collective guilt and collective merit. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of historical comparative analysis as an essential methodological tool of genocide studies. The argument further focuses upon the use of the symbolic capital attributed to the term “genocide” in studies involving analyses comparing other crimes – as well as the industrial exploitation of animals – to genocides. Finally, the author describes the relationship between the state policy of memory, nationalist discourses, and the academic integrity of genocide scholars.

Initial Coin Offering (ICO) as a Transformation of Financial Institution of Collective Investment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-103
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Babkin ◽  
Diana Burkaltseva ◽  
Andrej Tyulin ◽  
Pulod Azimov ◽  
Oleg Blazhevich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form ◽  
Training Specialists

In conditions of financial institutions' development it is crucial to examine the transformation in the form of a collective investment institution under the influence of digitalization and, in particular, the emergence of cryptocurrencies. The subject of the research refers to the features of ICO functioning as a transformation of a financial institution for collective investment. The goal is to explore the ICO as a new form of collective investment. The results of the research are achieved through a comprehensive comparative analysis of ICO and IPO as a basic tool of financial institutions. The paper highlights the advantages and disadvantages, identifies the factors, analyzes the institutional regulation of ICO and proposes development vectors from three angles: for project creators, investors, regulators. The results can be used in policymaking, the functioning of joint investment platforms, in training specialists in the field of digital economy and financial markets.

Comparative Analysis of Pension Systems in Russia and Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
В. Лановая ◽  
V. Lanovaya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Design Experience

The problems arising from the transformation of the pension system are the most relevant in recent years. This article presents a retrospective analysis of pension systems in Russia and Italy. The statistical portrait of the number of pensioners, the dynamics of life expectancy and the number of years in retirement, the coefficient of pension load, the average pension in these countries were studied. Particular attention is paid to the advantages and disadvantages of the functioning of pension systems, the main directions of reform in recent years. The analyzed data allows to substantiate the relationship between statistical indicators explaining the prerequisites of the latest changes in the functioning of pension systems and the directions of their current improvement. The reasoned position regarding the design experience of the organization of the Italian pension system in relation to Russia will avoid a number of problems that can adversely affect not only each individual, but also the development of the whole country.

scholarly journals Admirative Category with an Assessment of Possibility and Motivation in Russian and Persian Interrogative Sentences

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1096-1103
Author(s):  
T. Kh. Kahnamouei ◽  
A. A. Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Source Of Information

In Russian and Persian, the category of indirect evidentiality points out to some unreliable source of information. The category of admirativity expresses unexpected and new information gained by the speaker. Such interrogative sentences convey combine admirativity with diff erent modal meanings. Foreign students of Russian often fi nd it hard to distinguish these meanings in Russian interrogative sentences. The authors compared Russian and Persian interrogative sentences and the linguistics tools that refl ect the admirative category with an assessment of modal meanings of possibility and motivation. This is the fi rst research of the category of admirativity in the Persian language and the fi rst publication on the comparison of Russian and Persian interrogative sentences, as well as on the relationship between admirativity and modal meanings in Russian and Persian interrogative sentences. The research objective was to perform a comparative analysis of admirativity in Russian and Persian interrogative sentences and to study the situations in which this meaning conveys the surprise of the speaker from the availability or lack of possibility to perform a certain action. In both languages, admirativity can accompany the feeling of motivation in the subject of the speech act. The findings can be useful in teaching Russian as a foreign language.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USED METHODS OF FOREST RESTORATION OF GREEN ZONES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
K. Stroganova ◽  
I. Shanin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of methods for restoring forest areas lost due to forest fires, illegal logging. The most relevant methods of reforestation measures for the reproduction of green zones in Russia have been identified, taking into account the reasons for the negative impact and the relationship of tree and shrub plantations with the nature of recreation. A comparative analysis of the methods of reforestation used in the formation and reconstruction of forestry areas is presented. The study determined that the most effective method for restoring forest areas is artificial reforestation. Today, most of the forest area is restored using traditional methods, including natural methods. It should be noted that regular forest fires have a detrimental effect on forestry and the country's ecology as a whole; here it is necessary to use the most effective methods aimed at accelerating the renewal of forest resources. The use of the artificial method of reforestation allows the use of seedlings both with an open root system and with a closed one, which are more resistant to various pests and diseases.

scholarly journals Nikolay Grech’s Rhetorical Teaching as a Tool of Text Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1098-1106
Author(s):  
L. E. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Language Arts ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Persuasive Speech ◽  
Theory Of Literature

Russian rhetoric began with Mikhail Lomonosov’s Brief Guide to Eloquence (1765), which was written in the classical tradition of the Aristotelian-Ciceronian teaching about effective and persuasive speech. By the time philology had become a unified knowledge system in 1820s, Russian rhetoric stopped being a part of the trivium of verbal sciences, which also included grammar and logic, and evolved into a theory of language arts [slovesnost] that included both fiction and nonfiction literature. Its focus shifted from statement building to development and classification of the existing types and genres of literature. The science gave birth to a new discipline, namely the history and theory of literature, Nikolay Grech being one of its founders. Thus, the subject of rhetoric was mostly the principles of understanding of written fiction. Grech’s concept reflected those new trends in the development of rhetoric while focusing on the analysis of the system of Russian literature as a whole. The present research employed the methods of comparative analysis and analytical interpretation of the text. The article introduces N. Grech’s ideas about rhetorical and fictional prose, as well as his classification of prose and poetry. The author showed how the emergence of borderline, semi-rhetorical, and semi-poetic genres, changed the relationship between prose and poetry and, accordingly, between rhetoric and poetics. From a tool for creating an utterance, rhetoric gradually became a tool for analyzing a finished text.

scholarly journals Item in dependability: definition and content of the concept

Dependability ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Netes
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Federal Laws ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. The paper continues the series of publications that investigate and discuss the essence and definitions of the basic concepts of the dependability theory. It analyzes the basic concept, which is the subject of consideration in dependability, for which the term “item” is usually used. The concept of “dependability” is defined for it, and in general all the terminology of dependability applies to it. The following issues are considered: how to name and define this subject of consideration, what it can be, what can be its constituents. In particular, the relationship between the concepts of “item” and “product” is discussed.Methods. The evolution of definitions of this concept in the Russian and international terminological standards in dependability over the past 30 years is traced. A comparative analysis of other standards and federal laws relating to items of different types is carried out. The viability of two main ways of getting an idea of a concept is considered: illustrative (based on examples) and definitional (by means of sequential definition of some concepts through others).Findings and conclusions. The definition and correct understanding of the concept of “item” is of great importance, as it affects the scope of dependability standards. It is explained why it is necessary to accept that the definitions of the basic concepts cannot be rigorously formalized and are in fact only explanations. It is shown that the definitions of the item in the existing Russian and international standards (GOST 27.002–2015 and IEC 60050-192:2015) have inaccuracies. To eliminate them, improved notes to the definition of an item are proposed. The first note lists the possible types of items: products (parts, assembly units, complexes) and their components; buildings and structures; systems consisting of jointly functioning products and structures and their subsystems. The second note indicates the relationship between the main constituents of the item: hardware, software and people (personnel), and their possible combinations. The paper provides reasons for considering virtual items that play an important role in today’s information and telecommunication technologies and are logically isolated subsystems within the systems that they are part of. Besides that, it points out the deficiencies in the definitions of various items in GOST 18322–2016.

scholarly journals Leadership Competencies in Making Industry 4.0 Effective: The Case of Polish Heat and Power Industry

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4338
Author(s):  
Anna Kwiotkowska ◽  
Bożena Gajdzik ◽  
Radosław Wolniak ◽  
Jolita Vveinhardt ◽  
Magdalena Gębczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Leadership Competencies ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Managerial Competencies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Leadership competencies are of crucial importance in every organisation as to a large extent they determine its success. This is especially evident in the time of Industry 4.0. Given this fact, the aim of our paper is to examine the relationship between leadership competencies and 4.0 leadership effectiveness. The heat and power plants industry was chosen as the subject of our research. The fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) was used as the research method. It enabled us not only to analyse particular variables, competences, and typical statistical relations between them, but we also revealed the patterns of causal relationships between particular variables. The key finding of our research was the juxtaposition of leadership competencies that are indispensable for 4.0 leaders in the CHP plants. We also found out that managerial competencies were not sufficient, and they should be supported by intellectual or socio-emotional ones.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE REAL CULTURAL NAMES APPROPRIATE OF TURKIC LANGUAGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
B. Karagulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Related Language ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Language is the mirror of culture. The relationship between language and culture is very important. It is known that types and names of every culture are characterized and given through generation. It is connected with the formation of psychological entirety, as economic regional entirety, and the origin of nation and related language, economic regional entirety and related language. Therefore to define the similarity and difference between the names of Turkic languages is one of the main problems of linguistics. It’s known that the word evolution is always changing and developing. And this growth influences to the usage of words and their meanings. This article investigates the real cultural names of Turkic languages and their difference in meaning and form is defined by language historical data. Etymologic and historical-comparative analysis are made to the semantics of archaisms in modern Kazakh language.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CURRICULUM FOR THE SUBJECT SOLFEGGIO (EMS) IN SLOVENIA, MONTENEGRO, CROATIA AND SERBIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 091
Author(s):  
Milica Jovanović ◽  
Jelena Cvetković Crvenica
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Existing Data

The paper deals with the comparison of curricula for the subject of Solfeggio in Serbia and several selected countries. On the basis of existing data, we compared the organization of Solfeggio teaching in Serbia and other countries of the region. The curriculum was analyzed in terms of structure, goals and subject content, teaching methods and evaluation of student achievement. The presentation and analysis of the curricula highlighted their (in)consistences, advantages and disadvantages, as well as indications of future development in the form of modernization of some curriculum areas modeled on other countries.

Historical Comparative Studies as Method of Investigating of Political History Problems (on the Example of Medieval and New History)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.В. Талина
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
World History ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Comparative

статья посвящена применению метода сравнительного анализа при преподавании двух базовых модулей дисциплины «Истории» для студентов неисторических направлений подготовки – истории России и всеобщей истории. Политические процессы, характерные для мира, и в первую очередь, для стран Европы, сопоставимы с процессами, происходившими в России, и являются перспективным объектом анализа. Политогенез, раннефеодальные монархии, сословно-представительные монархии, абсолютные монархии, монархии в условиях просвещенного абсолютизма, конституционные монархии, революции, республиканские государства и др. – дидактические единицы, в равной степени значимые для понимания эволюции своего и иных государств, ключ к анализу общего и особенного в развитии разных стран мира. the article is devoted to using of comparative analysis method in teaching two basic modules of the subject “History” for the students of non-history training directions – History of Russia and World History. Political processes typical for the world and firstly for the European countries can be compared with ones that took place in Russia and are promising objects for the analysis. Political genesis, early feudal monarchies, estate-representative monarchies, absolute monarchies, monarchies of enlightened absolutism, constitutional monarchies, revolutions, republic states an etc. are didactical units equally important for understanding of evolution in native country and other states, clue to the analysis of common and special in the development of different countries in the world.

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