scholarly journals Effect of Three Ca Sources Applied On Peanuts I. Productivity and Seed Quality1

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hallock ◽  
A. H. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relative effectiveness of United States Gypsum granular 420 Landplaster Bulk (420-Bulk) and Texasgulf Gypsum (Tg Gypsum) were compared with finely ground anhydrite (Bagged-LP) as sources of supplemental Ca for Florigiant peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). Treatments included the above sources at rates of 605 kg/ha banded (61 cm) or 907 kg/ha broadcast (91-cm wide rows) of CaSO4 equivalent per unit area covered (double these rates of 420-Bulk and Bagged-LP also were applied in 1977). Times of application were planting, planting + ca 30 days, and early flowering stage. The experiments were located on Kenansville lfs (Arenic Hapludult) in 1977 and on Rumford lfs (Typic Hapludult) in 1978. The Ca treatments increased crop yields from 360 to 1,200 kg/ha and crop value (yield × price) from $343 to $889/ha over the check in 1977. Slightly lower yield increases were obtained in 1978 when dry conditions prevailed during fruit maturation. Kernel size grades were improved markedly by all Ca treatments in 1977. There was a definite trend both years (significant in 1978) toward higher productivity when the Ca sources were applied at the early flowering stage compared to earlier applications. No difference was noted between methods of application of Bagged-LP or Tg Gypsum in 1978. Double rates of Bagged-LP or 420-Bulk in 1977 did not increase productivity over the low rates. A single application of Bagged-LP was as effective as split applications in the 1978 test. Germinability of seed in 1977 averaged 85% or higher for all Ca treatments. Seed germination in 1978 averaged 75%, 69% and 74% in plots where Tg Gypsum, 420-Bulk or Bagged-LP was applied, respectively. Germination was lowest in the check plots both years. Germinability and seed-Ca contents were significantly higher in 1978 when the Ca sources were applied at the early flowering stage (ca July 1) than 15 days earlier. Seed-Ca contents both years and K contents in 1978 were significantly correlated with germinability. The correlation coefficients were only 0.4 in each case and the relationship was negative for K. In general, 420-Bulk, Tg Gypsum, or Bagged-LP were equally effective sources of supplemental Ca for peanuts. However, when fruit mature under very dry conditions 420-Bulk may be somewhat inferior to the other Ca sources especially when applied before early flowering.

Impact of Plant Spacing and Population on Yield for Single-Row Nonirrigated Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Sternitzke ◽  
M. C. Lamb ◽  
J. I. Davidson ◽  
R. T. Barron ◽  
C. T. Bennet
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Nutrients ◽  
Lower Population

Abstract Poor peanut emergence often results in lower yield and loss of revenue. Farmers attempting to recapture lost income sometimes lose even more by replanting because replant costs may exceed the benefits of added yield. The purpose of this study was to develop an empirical equation to predict peanut yield based on total emergence 21 d after planting and an estimate of yield for a full stand of peanuts. Field experiments were conducted in Terrell Co., Georgia during 1997 and 1998 for nonirrigated peanut (cv. Georgia Green) grown in an Americus sand (thermic Rhodic Paleudults). To mimic poor emergence and concomitant random plant spacing, rows within plots were thinned at random locations to attain populations of 4.4, 3.3, 2.6, 2.1, and 1.6 plants/m-row. Control plots were not thinned and total emergence was approximately 12.7 plants/m-row. As total emergence and population decreased, yield also decreased whereas pod mass per plant increased. This increase was likely attributed to a reduction in competition from adjacent peanut plants for water, nutrients, and light. Higher population treatments had smaller pod mass/plant and greater overall yield than lower population treatments with higher pod mass/plant. Random plant-to-plant spacing associated with poor emergence was used to predict pod mass/plant as a function of average plant spacing. Results from this research established models defining the relationship of the rate of change of pod mass per plant with average plant spacing and provided a new method of predicting yield in the event of poor emergence.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
N. Bykovskaya ◽  
Evgeniy Barishevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The Relationship

The article on the example of the Moscow region investigated the relationship between the increase in crop yields and changes in climates - temperature, rainfall. The obtained correlation coefficients showed an inverse relationship: an increase in temperature in the summer affects a decrease in crop yields. The dependence of yields on the amount of precipitation in the warm period is moderate, stronger for vegetable crops. To adapt agricultural production in the Moscow region to climatic changes, it was proposed to introduce the development of regenerative meadow farming as climate-saving land use. The concept of "Climatefields" has been successfully tested in Germany.

scholarly journals Effect of Three Ca Sources Applied on Peanuts II, Soil Ca, K, and Mg Levels1

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hallock ◽  
A. H. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Extractable Soil

Abstract Field experiments were conducted on Kenansville lfs (Arenic Hapludult) in 1977 and on Rumford lfs (Typic Hapludult) in 1978 to compare two bulk-spread supplemental Ca sources with bagged landplaster. Bagged LP, 420 Landplaster Bulk (420-Bulk) and Texasgulf Gypsum (Tg Gypsum) were appplied on Florigiant peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) at rates equivalent to 260 kg/ha Ca broadcast and at three different dates: planting, early June just prior to flowering, and late June in early flowering stage. The relative effects of these Ca sources on changes in the contents of H2O- and 1.0 N NH4OAC-extractable soil Ca, Mg, and K in the 0- to 10-cm and 10- to 20-cm soil layers wre measured by analysis of periodic soil samplings taken during the peanut fruiting period. All three Ca sources increased the contents of both H2O- extractable Ca (H2O-Ca) and NH4OAc-extractable Ca (Ac-Ca) in both soil layers throughout the sampling period. In 1977, contents of H2O-Ca in treated plots often were 100 to 125 μg/g of soil higher in the 0- to 10-cm layer and 50 μg/g higher in the 10- to 20-cm layer than in untreated plots. Increases in the contents of Ac-Ca in treated plots up to 150 μg/g of soil occurred in several cases in the 0- to 10-cm layer and up to 100 μg/g in the lower layer. The Ca applications in 1977 increased the initial extractable contents of H2O-Ca and Ac-Ca more and the Ca persisted longer after Ca application than in 1978. Bagged-LP or Tg Gypsum generally increased the contents of H2O-Ca and Ac-Ca in the 0- to 10-cm layer considerably more than 420-Bulk, particularly in 1977. Differences between Ca sources often diminished with time after application of the materials. This occurred to a greater extent in 1978. The contents of Ac-Ca, particularly, in plots amended with 420-Bulk usually increased considerably toward the end of the sampling period. The contents of H2O-Ca and Ac-Ca in comparable samplings of the peanut fruiting layer generally were similar much of the time for all three times of applications. Changes in NH2OAc-extractable Mg contents extracted from the 0- to 10-cm and 10- to 20-cm layers following application of the Ca sources ranged from 10 to −25 and 28 to −22 μg/g of soil, respectively, in 1977. The ranges in 1978 were from 0 to −20 and 12 to −14 μg/g of soil, respectively. Similarly, changes in NH4OAc-extractable K in the surface and lower layers ranged from 10 to −25 and 13 to −18 μg/g of soil, respectively, in 1977. The ranges in 1978 were from 11 to −20 and 14 to −24 μg/g of soil, respectively. These contents of Ac-Mg and Ac-K decreased more frequently than they increased after application of the Ca sources, particularly when applied at planting. Relatively more increases occurred after the later application.

Reliability of the Minimum Masking Level as Outcome Variable in Tinnitus Clinical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Mancini ◽  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Hyung Jin Jun ◽  
Tang-Chuan Wang ◽  
Helena Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Minimum Intensity

Purpose The minimum masking level (MML) is the minimum intensity of a stimulus required to just totally mask the tinnitus. Treatments aimed at reducing the tinnitus itself should attempt to measure the magnitude of the tinnitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the MML. Method Sample consisted of 59 tinnitus patients who reported stable tinnitus. We obtained MML measures on two visits, separated by about 2–3 weeks. We used two noise types: speech-shaped noise and high-frequency emphasis noise. We also investigated the relationship between the MML and tinnitus loudness estimates and the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ). Results There were differences across the different noise types. The within-session standard deviation averaged across subjects varied between 1.3 and 1.8 dB. Across the two sessions, the Pearson correlation coefficients, range was r = .84. There was a weak relationship between the dB SL MML and loudness, and between the MML and the THQ. A moderate correlation ( r = .44) was found between the THQ and loudness estimates. Conclusions We conclude that the dB SL MML can be a reliable estimate of tinnitus magnitude, with expected standard deviations in trained subjects of about 1.5 dB. It appears that the dB SL MML and loudness estimates are not closely related.

A Meta Analytic Review of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
Augusty P. A ◽  
Jain Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Effective Leadership ◽  
Leadership Effectiveness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
The Relationship

The study evaluates the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Effectiveness through a Systematic Review of Literature. The relationship has been evaluated in two steps. First, a Systematic review of literature was done to provide a theoretical framework to link the dimensions of Emotional Intelligence to the elements of effective leadership. Meta-analysis was then used to consolidate empirical evidence of the relationship. The studies for the meta-analysis were sourced from Pro Quest and EBSCO and the correlation coefficients of the studies were analysed. Only articles that presented the direct relationship between the variables were included in the study. The results of the analysis revealed a strong, statistically significant relationship between emotional intelligence and effective leadership. The findings of the study provide evidence for the proposition that Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Effectiveness are interrelated.

IMPROVEMENT OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT SELECTION METHODOLOGIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
А. I. Grabovets ◽  
V. P. Kadushkina ◽  
S. А. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

With the growing aridity of the climate on the Don, it became necessary to improve the methodology for conducting the  breeding of spring durum wheat. The main method of obtaining the source material remains intraspecific step hybridization. Crossings were performed between genetically distant forms, differing in origin and required traits and properties. The use of chemical mutagenesis was a productive way to change the heredity of genotypes in terms of drought tolerance. When breeding for productivity, both in dry years of research and in favorable years, the most objective markers were identified — the size of the aerial mass, the mass of grain per plant, spike, and harvest index. The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between the yield per unit area and the elements of its structure is established. It was most closely associated with them in dry years, while in wet years it decreased. Power the correlation of the characteristics of the pair - the grain yield per square meter - the aboveground biomass averaged r = 0.73, and in dry years it was higher (0.91) than in favorable ones (0.61 - 0.70) , between the harvest and the harvest index - r = 0.81 (on average). In dry years, the correlation coefficient increased to 0.92. Research data confirms the greatest importance of the mass of grain from one ear and the plant in the formation of grain yield per unit area in both dry and wet years. In dry years, the correlation coefficient between yield and grain mass per plant was on average r = 0.80; in favorable years, r = 0.69. The relationship between yield and grain mass from the ear was greater — r = 0.84 and r = 0.82, respectively. Consequently, the breeding significance of the aboveground mass and the productivity of the ear, as a criterion for the selection of the crop, especially increases in the dry years. They were basic in the selection.

Implicit collective self-esteem: A comparative analysis of Gelao and Han teenagers

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hongyun Lyu ◽  
Ningjian Liang ◽  
Zhen Guo ◽  
Rogelio Alejo Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Collective Self Esteem ◽  
The Relationship

In this study we examined the differences in implicit collective self- esteem between Gelao and Han teenagers, using the Implicit Association Test. We also explored the relationship between participants' implicit and explicit collective self-esteem with the Implicit Association Test and the Explicit Collective Self-Esteem Scale. Participants were 169 teenagers residing in Gelao regions in China. The results showed that both Gelao and Han participants had an implicit collective self-esteem effect (i.e., tended to associate their own ethnic group with positive words and the other ethnic group with negative words), and this effect was significantly higher among Gelao than among Han participants. Further, scores on the importance-to-identity subscale of the Explicit Collective Self-Esteem scale were significantly higher in the Gelao versus the Han group. The correlation coefficients between implicit and explicit collective self-esteem for both groups were very low. The significance of the study findings is discussed.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on Dependence of Mercury Distribution on the Degree of Coalification in Ningwu Coalfield, Shanxi, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3119
Author(s):  
Yinjiao Su ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Yang Teng ◽  
Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Mercury Distribution ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
The Relationship

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic trace element emitted from coal conversion and utilization. Samples with different coal ranks and gangue from Ningwu Coalfield are selected and investigated in this study. For understanding dependence of mercury distribution characteristics on coalification degree, Pearson regression analysis coupled with Spearman rank correlation is employed to explore the relationship between mercury and sulfur, mercury and ash in coal, and sequential chemical extraction method is adopted to recognize the Hg speciation in the samples of coal and gangue. The measured results show that Hg is positively related to total sulfur content in coal and the affinity of Hg to different sulfur forms varies with the coalification degree. Organic sulfur has the biggest impact on Hg in peat, which becomes weak with increasing the coalification degree from lignite to bituminous coal. Sulfate sulfur is only related to Hg in peat or lignite as little content in coal. However, the Pearson linear correlation coefficients of Hg and pyritic sulfur are relatively high with 0.479 for lignite, 0.709 for sub-bituminous coal and 0.887 for bituminous coal. Hg is also related to ash content in coal, whose Pearson linear correlation coefficients are 0.504, 0.774 and 0.827 respectively, in lignite, sub-bituminous coal and bituminous coal. Furthermore, Hg distribution is directly depended on own speciation in coal. The total proportion of F2 + F3 + F4 is increased from 41.5% in peat to 87.4% in bituminous coal, but the average proportion of F5 is decreased from 56.8% in peat to 12.4% in bituminous coal. The above findings imply that both Hg and sulfur enrich in coal largely due to the migration from organic state to inorganic state with the increase of coalification degree in Ningwu Coalfield.

scholarly journals Nasal Morphology and Its Correlation to Craniofacial Morphology in Lateral Cephalometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3064
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jankowska ◽  
Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska ◽  
Katarzyna Grocholewicz
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Base Angle ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Nose Shape ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Nose shape, size, and inclination influence facial appearance, but few studies concern the relationship between the nasal profile and craniofacial structures. The objective of this study was to analyze association of nasal cephalometric variables with skeletal structures, age, and sex. Cephalometric and nasal analysis was performed in 386 Polish orthodontic patients (aged 9–25 years). Student t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used to compare quantitative variables and Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficients—to find correlations. Soft tissue facial convexity angle correlates to Holdaway ratio, ANB (A-Nasion-B), and Wits appraisal. Nasal dorsum axis, nose length, nose depth (1) and nose depth (2), nose hump, lower dorsum convexity, and columella convexity increase with age. Nasal base angle, nasolabial angle, nasomental angle, soft tissue facial convexity and nasal bone angle decrease with age. Nasal base angle and nasomental angle are smaller in females. Thus, a relationship exists between nasal morphology and sagittal jaw configuration. Nasal parameters significantly change with age. Sexual dimorphism characterizes nasal bone angle and nasomental angle.

scholarly journals Influence of Gully Land Consolidation on Phreatic Water Transformation in the Loess Hilly and Gully Region

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Zihao Guo ◽  
Jianen Gao ◽  
Pengcheng Sun ◽  
Shaohui Dou ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Phreatic Water ◽  
Artificial Rainfall ◽  
Outflow Rate ◽  
Water Outflow ◽  
The Relationship

Gully Land Consolidation (GLC) is a proven method to create farmlands and increase crop yields in the Loess Hilly and Gully Region, China. However, GLC influences phreatic water transformation and might cause the farmlands water disasters, such as salinization and swamping. For exploring the influence of GLC on phreatic water transformation and mitigating disasters, a series of indoor experiments were conducted in the artificial rainfall hall. Then, we simulated the phreatic water transformation patterns under more conditions with HYDRUS-3D. Finally, an engineering demonstration in the field was performed to validate our research. The indoor experiments indicated that GLC could increase phreatic water outflow rate 4.39 times and phreatic water coefficient (PWC) 2.86 times with a considerable delay. After calibration and validation with experimental data, the HYDRUS-3D was used to simulate phreatic water transformation under more soil thickness and rainfall intensities. Accordingly, we summarized the relationship among PWC, rainfall intensities, and soil thickness, and therefore suggested a blind ditch system to alleviate farmlands disasters. Field application showed that a blind ditch system could avoid disasters with 3.2 times the phreatic water transformation rate compared to loess. Our research provides implications for sustainable land uses and management in the region with thick soil covers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document