scholarly journals Non-neoplastic morbidity, disability, mortality in adult population at radioactively contaminated territories of Ukraine. Epidemiological research 1988-2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
K.Ye. Prykashchykova ◽  
◽  
Zh.S. Yaroshenko ◽  
G.V. Kostiuk ◽  
V.I. Syrovenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Neoplastic Diseases ◽  
Gender Dependence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Observation Period

Objective: We presented a comprehensive description of the changes in the health status of the adult population of radioactively contaminated territories of Ukraine depending on gender and age at the date of the Chornobyl accident on the basis of cohort epidemiological studies after accident. Materials and methods: The epidemiological analysis of non-neoplastic morbidity, disability, mortality in the residents of radioactively contaminated territories (RCT) aged 18-60 years old at the date of the Chornobyl accident (65,189 people) was conducting during 1988-2016 for five-year observation periods and by eight classes of ICD-10. We applied the methods of mathematical and statistical analysis. Results: During 1988-2016, 90590 (100%) cases of non-neoplastic morbidity (34.94% in men and 65.06% in women), 11153 (100%) cases of disability (38.22% and61.78%, respectively), and 11586 (100%) cases of mortality(50,42% and 49,58%, respectively)were detected in the residents of the RCT for the first time as a result of epidemiological study. Most of the victims suffered from the nosological forms of the nosological forms of respiratory, circulatory and digestive systems, which made up 67.43% in the structure of non-neoplastic morbidity. Diseases of circulatory, endocrine and nervous systems (87.92%) were the main factors of disability and diseases of circulatory system (89.49%) - of mortality. The gender dependence of the development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases, disability and mortality due to them were established. The indices of mortality (116.08, ID/103 man-years of observation) and disability (13.57)in females significantly exceeded the males’ ones (86.57 and 11.65, respectively). But males had a higher mortality rate (16.01 vs. - 11.32). Changes in the incidence rates of non-neoplastic diseases, disability and mortality due to them throughout the observation period were characterized by a divergence of vectors: morbidity decreased, and disability and mortality increased simultaneously. The intersection of the dynamics of the mortality of non-neoplastic diseases with disability and mortality through those diseases was identified in 2008-2012. Conclusions 1. During epidemiological surveillance in 1988-2016, in the residents of RCT aged 18-60 years old on the date of the Chornobyl accident epidemiological surveillance, the non-neoplastic morbidity was formed mainly due to the significant development of diseases of the respiratory, circulatory and digestive systems, which together made up 67.43%. Non-neoplastic diseases of the circulatory, endocrine and nervous systems (87.92) were the main causes of disability, diseases of circulatory system (89.49%) - of mortality. 2. The gender dependence of the development of the morbidity of non-neoplastic diseases, disability and mortality in the residents of RCT over the thirty-year observation period was established. Diseases of the circulatory system were the main causes of disability and mortality. In males, disability and mortality were caused by the mental and behavioral disorders, diseases of respiratory and digestive systems, in females - by the diseases of nervous and urogenital systems. 3. In the residents of RCT, regardless of gender, over the years of observation, a feature of the development of morbidity, disability and mortality due to them was established, it was in the significant reduction of the incidence of diseases in 2008-2016, due to the increase of disability and mortality of the suffered, especially in 2008-2016, in comparison with the previous years, i.e. in 22-30 years after the Chornobyl accident. 4. Summarizing the obtained data, it is important to continue the epidemiological studies of the health status of the residents of RCT (non-neoplastic morbidity, disability, mortality) for the determination of the impact of radiation on the development of the main forms of non-neoplastic diseases.

Relation of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millán Núñez-Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Global Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Impact

Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality in Spain. This feature is related with the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, particulary high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, smoking, obesity and diabetes. Otherwise, the association of several risk factors, all related with cardiometabolic risk, is the basis for the increase of individual global cardiovascular risk. We have studied prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in several epidemiological studies in Spanish adult population, in nine autonomic communities and almost 15000 individuals. The principal objective was to evaluate the impact of obesity and overweight in the others cardiovascular risk factors in order to stablish the relative weight of obesity in individual cardiovascular risk. With our results, this study presents a qualitative-quantitative model to calculate global cardiovascular risk in Spanish population according with the prevalence of different cardiovascular risk factors and the relative risk associated of every one in the same population.

TO THE QUESTION OF SYSTEMATIZATION OF SCHOOL-RELATED DISORDERS

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
G.Yu. Poretskova ◽  
D.V. Pechkurov ◽  
I.K. Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
The Impact

Studies over several years have shown an increase in chronic pathology and adverse changes in the structure of health groups during schooling. The aim of this work is to develop and propose a systematization of school-related pathology. The analysis of the health status of Samara schoolchildren allowed to establish that during the first 4 years of education the number of healthy children decreases by 18 %, by the end of school there are no more than 11 %. Diseases, the frequency of which increases with the beginning of training: diseases of the musculoskeletal, digestive, cardiovascular, nervous systems, organ of vision. The development of these conditions at schoolboys is largely associated with the factors of the educational process. The systematization of school-conditioned pathology, which takes into account the system of defeat, stage, factors contributing to the development and the impact of these violations on the quality of the educational process and the life of the child.

Exploring the Relationships between Sense of Hopelessness, Worry, Self-rated Oral Health Status, and Behavior in a Romanian Adult Population

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandrina L. Dumitrescu ◽  
Makoto Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of psychological states, self-rated oral health, and oral health behavior on hopelessness. Methods and Materials A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected between September and November 2006. The sample consisted of 233 Romanian adults (mean age 47.3 years; 65.6% women; 65.8% married). The questionnaire included information about demographic, psychological, self-reported oral health, and oral health related behavior items. Results ‘Hopeless’ participants were more likely to self-evaluate their dental health as poor/very poor (P<0.001), to be less satisfied by the appearance of their teeth (P<0.05), to report more non-treated caries (P<0.01), to brush their teeth less than twice per day (P<0.01), and never use mouthrinse (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed ‘hopeless’ participants were apt to have a lower educational level, brush less frequently, have higher financial problems as the reason for not visiting the dentist, and report higher anxiety (odds ratio = 5.4, 4.2, 2.6, and 12.6, respectively). Forty-seven (73.4%) of 64 ‘hopeless’ participants and 90 (80.4%) of 112 ‘non-hopeless’ participants were correctly predicted by the above four variables. Conclusion The results of this study found impaired oral health and financial problems may pose an increased risk for hopelessness. Clinical Significance Poor oral health can be regarded as a risk marker for the level of hopelessness. Citation Dumitrescu AL, Kawamura M. Exploring the Relationships between Sense of Hopelessness, Worry, Self-rated Oral Health Status, and Behavior in a Romanian Adult Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 March; (10)2:034-041.

scholarly journals Individual and Community Socioeconomic Status: Impact on Mental Health in Individuals with Arthritis

Arthritis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chivon A. Mingo ◽  
Kathryn R. Martin ◽  
Jack Shreffler ◽  
Britta Schoster ◽  
Leigh F. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
The Impact

To examine the impact of individual and community socioeconomic status (SES) measures on mental health outcomes in individuals with arthritis, participants with self-reported arthritis completed a telephone survey assessing health status, health attitudes and beliefs, and sociodemographic variables. Regression analyses adjusting for race, gender, BMI, comorbidities, and age were performed to determine the impact of individual and community level SES on mental health outcomes (i.e., Medical Outcomes Study SF-12v2 mental health component, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Health-Related Quality of Life Healthy Days Measure, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression [CES-D] scale). When entered singly, lower education and income, nonmanagerial occupation, non-homeownership, and medium and high community poverty were all significantly associated with poorer mental health outcomes. Income, however, was more strongly associated with the outcomes in comparison to the other SES variables. In a model including all SES measures simultaneously, income was significantly associated with each outcome variable. Lower levels of individual and community SES showed most consistent statistical significance in association with CES-D scores. Results suggest that both individual and community level SES are associated with mental health status in people with arthritis. It is imperative to consider how interventions focused on multilevel SES factors may influence existing disparities.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic and Mental Health Status in the General Adult Population of Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1957
Author(s):  
Isidora Vujčić ◽  
Teodora Safiye ◽  
Bojana Milikić ◽  
Emina Popović ◽  
Draško Dubljanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
The Impact

Since its outbreak, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread throughout the world. The Serbian government declared a state of emergency on 15 March 2020, implementing some of Europe’s strictest measures to combat the pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the mental health of the general adult Serbian population and to identify associated factors during the state of emergency and lockdown. Data were collected with a snowball sampling method between 23 March and 25 April 2020, by using an online questionnaire. Multiple ordinal regression was performed to establish the associations between socio-demographic characteristics, self-estimated health status, and depression, anxiety, and stress. Out of 1057 participants included in the study, 28.9%, 36.9%, and 38.1% reported moderate to severe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Uneasiness related to COVID-19 news, the feeling of helplessness, likeliness of impending death, and presence of COVID-19 symptoms were associated with higher depression, anxiety, and stress scores. Current smoking status was associated with a higher risk of depression and stress. Students had a significantly higher level of depression and stress, while older age was protective against anxiety and stress. Higher socioeconomic status was significantly associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.

DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION AND HEALTH STATUS ANALYSIS OF THE ADULT POPULATION IN THE NORTHEASTERN REGION OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (74) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Yu.O. Liannoi ◽  
O.O. Skyba ◽  
L.V. Pshenychna ◽  
Yu.L. Tonkopei ◽  
I.M. Ionova
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Northeastern Region ◽  
Status Analysis

Working conditions and the formation of health risks among workers of the petrochemical industry engaged in the production of methanol and its derivatives

2019 ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
Nina M. Meshchakova ◽  
Marina P. Dyakovich ◽  
Salim F. Shayakhmetov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.Methanol and its derivatives occupy one of the leading places among the main organic synthesis intermediates in terms of their importance and scale of production. According to experts, by 2027 the global demand for methanol can reach 135 million tons, the annual growth will be about 5.5%. However, there is little information regarding the assessment of working conditions and occupational risks for workers in modern methanol production and its derivatives.The aim of the studyis hygienic assessment of working conditions and the formation of health risks in workers of modern production of methanol and methylamines.Materials and methods.The assessment of the main adverse factors of production is given. When studying the state of health, objective indicators (the results of an in-depth medical examination) and subjective (the results of a quantitative assessment of the risks of the main pathological syndromes associated with health) are considered.Results.According to long-term observations, the concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area, indicators of labor severity, parameters of physical factors met hygienic requirements, with the exception of industrial noise exceeding the maximum permissible level, as well as labor intensity of 1 degree. The General assessment of working conditions corresponds to the category of harmful 2 degrees (3.2). According to the results of the medical examination and quantitative assessment of the risks of health disorders in workers, the most significant were functional disorders and diseases of the circulatory system. The levels of somatic pathology on the part of the main body systems were significantly higher in apparatchiks compared to the engineering and technical personnel (ETP).Conclusions:In the production of methyl alcohol and methylamines, the main hygienic importance is the impact on workers of the complex of harmful substances of 1-IV hazard classes in low concentrations, increased levels of industrial noise, labor intensity of 1 degree. According to the subjective assessment of health and medical examination, the greatest prevalence of health risks in workers was observed from the circulatory system, and the levels of the revealed somatic pathology were statistically significantly higher in apparatchiks compared with the ETP.

The Impact of War on Population Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turkan Ahmet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades of ongoing war in Iraq has had a dramatic impact on the health of Iraq’s population. Wars are known to have negative effects on the social and physical environments of individuals, as well as limit their access to the available health care services. This paper explores the personal experiences of my family members, who were exposed to war, as well as includes information that has been reviewed form many academic sources. The data aided in providing recommendations and developing strategies, on both local and international levels, to improve the health status of the populations exposed to war.

scholarly journals Outcomes of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients Previously Treated with Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena-Mihaela Cordeanu ◽  
Lucas Jambert ◽  
Francois Severac ◽  
Hélène Lambach ◽  
Jonathan Tousch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Observation Period

(1) Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) penetrates respiratory epithelium through angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 binding, raising concerns about the potentially harmful effects of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) on Human Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) evolution. This study aimed to provide insight into the impact of RASi on SARS-CoV-2 outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. (2) Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of hospitalized adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to a university hospital in France. The observation period ended at hospital discharge. (3) Results: During the study period, 943 COVID-19 patients were admitted to our institution, of whom 772 were included in this analysis. Among them, 431 (55.8%) had previously known hypertension. The median age was 68 (56–79) years. Overall, 220 (28.5%) patients were placed under mechanical ventilation and 173 (22.4%) died. According to previous exposure to RASi, we defined two groups, namely, “RASi” (n = 282) and “RASi-free” (n = 490). Severe pneumonia (defined as leading to death and/or requiring intubation, high-flow nasal oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, and/or oxygen flow at a rate of ≥5 L/min) and death occurred more frequently in RASi-treated patients (64% versus 53% and 29% versus 19%, respectively). However, in a propensity score-matched cohort derived from the overall population, neither death (hazard ratio (HR) 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–1.50), p = 0.76) nor severe pneumonia (HR 1.03 (95%CI 0.73–1.44), p = 0.85) were associated with RASi therapy. (4) Conclusion: Our study showed no correlation between previous RASi treatment and death or severe COVID-19 pneumonia after adjustment for confounders.

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