Pemikiran Filsuf Muslim di Wilayah Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Zaprulkan Zaprulkhan
Keyword(s):  
Western Region ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Critical Note ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The Western Region

Abstract Islamic philosophy is one part of the tradition of Islamic thought that has developed, both in the East and the West of Islam. In the western part of Islam, Islamic philosophy developed rapidly in the region of Cordova as our mother Andalusia, Spain. It was in the Western region of Islam that a number of well-known philosophers emerged, such as Ibn Bajjah, Ibn Thufail, and Ibn Rusyd. These three great philosophers are very eloquent in developing various philosophical discourses with their unique characteristics which differ from one another. This article tries to explore the philosophical thinking of the three philosophers, and at the end of the discussion is given a critical note on all three of their thoughts.   Abstrak Filsafat Islam adalah salah satu bagian dari tradisi pemikiran Islam yang telah berkembang, baik di Timur maupun di Barat Islam. Di bagian barat Islam, filsafat Islam berkembang pesat di wilayah Cordova sebagai ibu kotaAndalusia, Spanyol. Di wilayah barat Islam inilah sejumlah filsuf terkenal muncul, seperti Ibn Bajjah, Ibn Thufail, dan Ibn Rusyd. Ketiga filsuf besar ini sangat fasih dalam mengembangkan berbagai wacana filosofis dengan karakteristik unik mereka yang berbeda satu sama lain. Artikel ini mencoba mengeksplorasi pemikiran filosofis dari tiga filsuf, dan pada akhir diskusi diberikan catatan kritis pada ketiga pemikiran mereka.

Avicennisme et averroïsme dans la poétique et la rhétorique islamiques médiévales

1998 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Giovanna Lelli
Keyword(s):  
Legal Culture ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Cultural Paradigms ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Theory Of Literature

The study of medieval Islamic philosophy is necessary in order to understand Islamic thought, both medieval and contemporary. I propose that the distinction within Islamic thought between two great paradigms, the Avicennian and the Averroistic, is a fertile approach. It is true that in the field of Islamic poetics and rhetoric we find nothing that corresponds to the philosophical and religious opposition between Avicennism and Averroism. Nevertheless, in the medieval Islamic world, besides the official rhetoric which was linked to the legal culture, we can find several elements of these two great cultural paradigms even in the theory of literature. Today, a renewed interest in Islamic aesthetics and philosophy might help the West recompose its fragmented postmodernism, while it could in turn help the Islamic world construct a new, critical and non-fundamentalist approach to its classical authors.

scholarly journals The Emergence of the Campaign to Open Up the West: Ideological Formation, Central Decision-making and the Role of the Provinces

2004 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 335-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Holbig
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The West ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Party State ◽  
Great Development

This article examines the formation of the Open Up the West policy from the 1980s to the present. Focusing on the dynamic interaction between central party-state and provincial-level players, it analyses the various ideological and pragmatic factors that have shaped the policy over time. The campaign to Open Up the West is decribed as a “soft policy” to highlight a very diffuse decision-making process which has produced a highly diverse set of agendas and instruments. Due to the amorphous nature of the policy, the article finds, its realization depends to a great extent on the specific interpretations and arrangements of the provincial jurisdictions involved.In June 1999 in the ancient city of Xi'an, Comrade Jiang Zemin made the appeal to the whole party and the people of the whole country on the great development of the western region. Three years have gone by, and the roads have become passable, the lights have become lit, the mountains have become green, the rivers have become clear and the travelling traders have become abundant. One after another, wonderful stories about the homeland of the western region have been circulated and sung.

scholarly journals Papers of Islamic Thought Figures of Al-Farabi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Makbul
Keyword(s):  
Western World ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
History Of

Islam with its culture has been running for approximately 15 centuries. In such a long journey there are 5 amazing journey centuries in philosophical thought, namely between the 7th century to the 12th century. During that time, the Islamic philosophers thought about how the position of humans with others, humans with nature and humans with God, using their minds. They think systematically, analytically and critically, thus giving birth to Islamic philosophers who have high abilities because of their wisdom. Islamic philosophy grows and develops in two different areas, namely philosophy in the Masyriqi region (east) and philosophy in the Maghreb region (West). After Islam came, the Arabs controlled the areas of Persia, Syria and Egypt. So that the center of government moved from Medina to Damascus. At that time, two major cities emerged that played an important role in the history of Islamic thought, namely Basra and Kufa.Islamic philosophy in the eastern part of the world is different from the philosophy of Islam in the western world. Among the Islamic philosophers in the two regions there were differences of opinion on various points of thought. In the East there are several prominent philosophers, such as al-Kindi, al-Farabi and Ibn Sina. While in the West there are also some well-known philosophers, namely, Ibn Bajah, Ibn Thufail, and Ibn Rushd.

scholarly journals MODEL-MODEL EPISTEMOLOGI ISLAM

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Khudori Soleh
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Way Of Thinking

As well as in the West and the Orient, Islam also recognizes system of thought which include foundation, method, and application. There are at least three models of epistemology in Islamic thought system that is Bayani, Burhani, and Irfani.<br />Bayani is the system of thought, which based his way of thinking on the text, while burhani is the system of thought which based on ratio, and ‘irfani based on intuition. They use methods; exploration of text meaning for bayani. <br />Those three models of epistemology have much contribution on developing Islamic knowledge and sciences. Bayani emerges fiqh and Islamic theology, while burhani comes out Islamic Philosophy, and irfani appears whereas burhani uses trick of ratio, and irfani works on heart purified.Sufism.<br /><br />Keywords: Bayani, Burhani and Irfani

scholarly journals Development and production of fertigated coffee trees in the west region of Bahia, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rossi Vicente ◽  
Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽  
André Luis Teixeira Fernandes ◽  
Julio Cesar Lima Neves ◽  
Santos Henrique Brant Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
The State ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
West Region ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
The Western Region

The aim in the present study was to evaluate the effects of different split fertigation and doses on the development and production of drip irrigated coffee in the western region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study was performed at the Café do Rio Branco Farm, in Barreiras, BA, Brazil, in adult coffee trees aged approximately 3.5 years from the variety <em>Catuaí IAC 144</em>. A 3 x 3 factorial design was adopted, with three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup> N and K<sub>2</sub>O) in three monthly split fertigation (two, four and eight times). Stem and crown growth, productivity, yield and sieve were evaluated. The doses of 600/500 and 900/800 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup> N/K<sub>2</sub>O and the splits in two and eight times provided the highest productivities of coffee. A higher split fertigation was observed on the effect of N and K<sub>2</sub>O doses in coffee development variables (crown diameter and plant height). There was no effect of split fertigation and doses in the classification by sieves of coffee beans.

Study on the Coordinative Degree of Environment and Economy in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2865-2868
Author(s):  
Qing Li ◽  
Jian Sheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
The West ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Economic Development Model

By constructing the environmental and economic development model, this paper analyzed the coordinated degree on environment and the economy in 31 provinces of China. The results showed that, the differences on economy and environment are great in various regions. From the economic development level, we could see that the eastern regions were the best, the central were the better and the west were the worst. From the environment development level, we could see that the western region is the best, the east is better, and the middle is the worst. From the coordinated degree of environment and economy, the eastern region obviously were higher than that in the midwest, and the economy and environment in eastern regions formed the benign coordinated development, but the midwest fails to form a positive development situation.

Aristotelianism in Islamic philosophy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiki Kennedy-Day
Keyword(s):  
Tenth Century ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
Islamic Thought

In Arabic, Aristotle was referred to by name as Aristutalis or, more frequently, Aristu, although when quoted he was often referred to by a sobriquet such as ‘the wise man’. Aristotle was also generally known as the First Teacher. Following the initial reception of Hellenistic texts into Islamic thought in al-Kindi’s time, al-Farabi rediscovered a ‘purer’ version in the tenth century. In an allusion to his dependence on Aristotle, al-Farabi was called the Second Teacher. Ibn Rushd, known in the West as Averroes, was the last great Arabophone commentator on Aristotle, writing numerous treatises on his works. A careful examination of the Aristotelian works received by the Arabs indicates they were generally aware of the true Aristotle. Later, transmission of these works to Christian Europe allowed Aristotelianism to flourish in the scholastic period. We should not take at face value the Islamic philosophers’ claims that they were simply following Aristotle. The convention in Islamic philosophy is to state that one is repeating the wisdom of the past, thus covering over such originality as may exist. There was a tendency among Islamic philosophers to cite Aristotle as an authority in order to validate their own claims and ideas.

scholarly journals Filsafat Sufistis Suhrawardi Al-Maqtul

ESOTERIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Fathul Mufid
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Ancient Persia ◽  
Mystical Vision

<p class="07KatakunciKeywords">Suhrawardi built his philosophical thinking with the spirit of combining “intuition-mystical vision” with “rational-philosophical vision”. The combination of “intuition-mystic and rational-philosophical vision” is known as "hikmah al-Isyraq". The concept of Wisdom al-Isyraq is the second school of thought in Islamic Philosophy. This paper is a study of Suhrawardi's Sufistic philosophy with a historical and philosophical approach. The historical approach is used to review the thought settings that influence Suhrawardi's thoughts from the historical point of view of previous Islamic thought. In addition, a philosophical approach is also used to analyze documentary data in a fundamental, integral, and systematic manner with the descriptive-analysis method. The purpose of this paper is to trace the basic thinking of the concept of "Hikmatul Isyraq" Suhrawardi from the point of view of Sufistic philosophy. The findings of this study indicate that there are five sources of Isyraq Suhrawardi's thoughts: first, Sufism thoughts, especially al-Hallaj and al-Ghazali. Second, the thinking of Paripatetik Islamic Philosophy, especially Ibn Sina, which is considered important to understand Isyraqi's teachings. Third, philosophical thinking before Islam, namely the flow of Pytagoras, Platonism, and Hermenism. Fourth, the thought (wisdom) of ancient Persia which he considered to be the direct heir of the wisdom of the Prophet Idris As. (Hermes). Fifth, the teachings of Zoroaster, especially in using the symbol "light" and "darkness".</p>

Joining the Western Region: Sociophonetic Shift in Victoria

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Roeder ◽  
Sky Onosson ◽  
Alexandra D’Arcy
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
The West ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
The City

The literature on Canadian English provides evidence of distinct dialect regions. Within this landscape, the province of British Columbia is set apart as a sub-region in the west, yet information concerning “local” English is notably skewed toward a single urban setting, Vancouver. To assess and extend the generalizability of prior observations, this paper targets the city of Victoria and situates the results from a large-scale sociolinguistic investigation within the model of the typical (western) Canadian city presented in Boberg (2008, 2010). We consider vocalic features characterized as either General Canadian or distinctively Western Canadian. We also consider “yod” (i.e., the presence of an onglide in student, tune, and the like), a conservative feature that is obsolescing across the nation. Our results support Boberg’s (2008, 2010) observations while positioning Victoria as both innovative—participating in national changes—and conservative—joining certain changes relatively recently and retaining older dialect features. Such results enable us to trace leveling to national and more local dialect patterns, while also reminding us of sociohistorical forces in the formation of dialects.

The Relation between Environment Pollution and Economic Growth in Western of China - Taking Chongqing as an Example

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1261-1264
Author(s):  
Xiu Zhong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
The West ◽  
Curve Theory ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Great Development

With the environmental Kuznets curve theory, this paper analyzed the relation between economic growth and environment pollution and took Chongqing in western of China as an example. The results showed that the relation between economic growth and environment pollution in Chongqing appeared the "pour N", that was to say, as the economic growth, the environment pollution in Chongqing would present the trend of "down- rise-down". From the year of 2000, China had been implementing the strategy of "the great development of the west", which led to the worsening environmental pollution as the economic growth. But in recent years, with more capital into the western region for controlling pollution, the environmental had been improved.

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