scholarly journals System Analysis Enhancement in Cognitive Learning Systems Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-236
Author(s):  
Zh. Sharchenaliev ◽  
N. Tsybov

Improving the efficiency of the use of cognitive learning systems in education directly depends on the ability of the system to make reasonable decisions in the formation of didactic tools. One of the methods to improve the efficiency of functioning of cognitive learning systems is to improve the functioning algorithm of system analysis. Improving the individual components of system analysis has expanded its functionality and qualitatively changed its options. Using the advantages of the advanced functionality of system analysis enabled us to develop a cognitive learning system that forms didactic tools considering the psycho-factors of the participants of educational process. The goal of the article is to study methods for designing and expanding the functional capacities of cognitive learning systems and system analysis methods. Methodological basis is formed of comprehensive application of complementary approaches in which the system analysis considers the educational environment as a complex system containing interconnected subsystems. The main ones of them were the structural analysis method, comparison method, decomposition and aggregation method. Results. Improving the efficiency of use of the cognitive learning system and increasing its accuracy in the analysis of the educational situation while choosing pedagogical methods for teaching the educational material was achieved by improving the functionality of system analysis. Improving the accuracy of the implementation of system analysis was also achieved through the use of ‘fuzzy elements’ in the analysis and synthesis node of the cognitive learning system. The use of ‘fuzzy elements’ enabled the learning system to make corrections to the input data received at the beginning of task execution and to give adjusted administration commands to the algorithm correction node of the system analysis.


Author(s):  
Polina O. Kraynova ◽  
Alexey S. Obukhov

In the context of global trends in the humanization of education, issues of differentiation, individualization and personalization of education are actively discussed. At the same time, the key question remains – how to preserve the individual capabilities, interests and needs of each student while maintaining collective learning formats? How to take into account the personal characteristics and capabilities of each when passing and mastering general education programs? One such solution was the PCBL personalized learning platform developed in the USA. Currently, the Khoroshevskaya school is introducing and adapting this platform to the Russian conditions of education. The article examines the specific case of implementing a system of personalized competency-based education in a separate school – what problems, barriers and difficulties are encountered in its implementation. The study is built in the logic of qualitative research on the basis of high-quality research interviews with the main participants in the educational process in the context of introducing a personalized learning system.



2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enkhzaya Enkhtaivan ◽  
Joel Nishimura ◽  
Cheng Ly ◽  
Amy Louise Cochran

Recent experiments and theories of human decision-making suggest positive and negative errors are processed and encoded differently by serotonin and dopamine, with serotonin possibly serving to oppose dopamine and protect against risky decisions. We introduce a temporal difference (TD) model of human decision-making to account for these features. Our model involves two opposing counsels, an optimistic learning system and a pessimistic learning system, whose predictions are integrated in time to control how potential decisions compete to be selected. Our model predicts that human decision-making can be decomposed along two dimensions: the degree to which the individual is sensitive to (1) risk and (2) uncertainty. In addition, we demonstrate that the model can learn about reward expectations and uncertainty, and provide information about reaction time despite not modeling these variables directly. Lastly, we simulate a recent experiment to show how updates of the two learning systems could relate to dopamine and serotonin transients, thereby providing a mathematical formalism to serotonin's hypothesized role as an opponent to dopamine. This new model should be useful for future experiments on human decision-making.



Author(s):  
Ирина Владимировна Кондакова

Введение. Дистанционное образование на современном этапе развития мировой образовательной практики приобрело глобальный характер в связи с пандемией COVID-19. Существенно расширился спектр образовательных услуг; выросло количество образовательных организаций и учреждений, задействованных в такой форме образования; огромное количество обучающихся использует интернет, гаджеты и наукоемкие сервисы. Дистанционное образование позволяет, в случае необходимости, при помощи интернета получить «удаленное» образование. Цель – анализ и характеристика основных эффективных форм организации обучения в высшей школе в условиях дистанционного образования. Материал и методы. Материалом для исследования послужили работы отечественных и зарубежных исследователей, рассматривающих проблемы и преимущества дистанционного образования: А. А. Андреева, И. А. Кузнецовой, А. Г. Сломчинской, Е. А. Таушкановой, J. S. Brown, Y. B. Kolikant, M. Miah и A. Omar, а так-же материалы, полученные в ходе практической работы в условиях «дистанта» в Елецком государственном университете им. И. А. Бунина. В качестве методов в работе использованы теоретический и методологический анализ, сравнение, метод педагогической интерпретации данных, обобщение, конкретизация. Методологической основой проведенного исследования послужили основные современные психологические, социологические и философские положения теории личности и ее развития. Результаты и обсуждение. Дистанционное образование обладает целым рядом характерных черт: гибкость, модульность, инновационный контроль качества образования, ролевой репертуар преподавателя, экономическая выгода и т. п., а также специфических принципов (принцип свободного доступа, принцип дистанционности, принцип интерактивности, принцип идентификации, принцип адекватности и целесообразности использования цифровых технологий в дистанционном образовании). Внедрение дистанционного образования способствует появлению новых, более эффективных форм обучения, разработка которых строится с учетом перечисленных характеристик. В качестве эффективных форм можно рассматривать разработку и реализацию необходимого для освоения дисциплины перечня основной и дополнительной литературы, учебно-методических комплектов литературы и заданий; рассылку по e-mail обучающих материалов как студентам, так и преподавателям от студентов; организацию и проведение дискуссий и консультаций в онлайн-формате с использованием облачных платформ ZOOM, Jitsi и т. д., бесплатного приложения WhatsApp для личных смартфонов, социальной сети «ВКонтакте», приложения Telegram др.; разработку и реализацию компьютерных баз данных, электронных учебников и т. д.; проведение видеоконференций с возможностью для зрителей позвонить по «горячей линии» и задать вопросы и т. д. Видеолекция также является эффективной формой дистанционного обучения, позволяющей охватить большое количество слушателей, активизирующей мыслительную дельность студентов и мотивирующей на самостоятельный поиск в рамках изучаемой дисциплины. Заключение. В связи с тем, что дистанционное образование обладает широким диапазоном мультимедийных, интерактивных, коммуникативных и технических возможностей, способствует формированию и развитию ИКТ-компетентности, расширяет спектр возможностей в плане использования разных информационных инструментов, оно может органически вплетаться в систему очного обучения или стать весомой альтернативой традиционному обучению. Эффективность и успех внедрения дистанционных технологий образования зависят от грамотной и качественной организации образовательного процесса и использования эффективных форм обучения. Introduction. Distance education at the present stage of the development of world educational practice has become global. The range of educational services has expanded significantly; the number of educational organizations and institutions involved in this form of education has increased; a huge number of students use the Internet, gadgets and knowledge-based services. Distance education allows, if necessary, using the Internet to obtain “remote” education. This need today has become the epidemiological situation in the world with the spread of infection caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). The aim of the study was to analyze and characterize the main effective forms of organizing education in higher education in the new conditions of organizing the educational process. Material and methods. The material for the study was the work of domestic and foreign researchers, considering the problems and advantages of distance education: A. A. Andreeva, I. A. Kuznetsova, A. G. Slomchinskaya, E. A. Taushkanova, J. S. Brown, Y. B. Kolikant, M. Miah & A. Omar, as well as materials obtained during practical work under the conditions of “distance” in Bunin Yelets State University. Theoretical and methodological analysis, comparison, method of pedagogical interpretation of data, generalization, concretization were used as methods in the work. The methodological basis of the study was the main modern psychological, sociological and philosophical provisions of the theory of personality and its development. Results and discussion. Distance education has a number of characteristic features: flexibility, modularity, innovative control of the quality of education, role repertoire of the teacher, economic benefit, etc., as well as specific principles: the principle of free access, the principle of distance, the principle of interactivity, the principle of identification, the principle of adequacy and expediency of using digital technologies in distance education. The introduction of distance education contributes to the emergence of new, more effective educational forms, the development of which is based on the listed characteristics. As effective forms of distance education, one can consider the development and implementation of the necessary for mastering the discipline of the list of basic and additional literature, educational and methodological sets of literature and tasks; sending educational materials to both students and teachers from students, using e-mail (in e-mail).; organization and conduct of discussions and consultations in online format using cloud platforms ZOOM, Jitsi, etc., free application WhatsApp for personal smartphones, social network VKontakte, application Telegram, etc.; development and implementation of computer databases, electronic textbooks, etc.; videoconferences similar to live TV shows with the opportunity for viewers to call the “hotline” and ask their questions, etc. Video lecture is also an effective form of distance education, allowing to reach a large number of students, activating the mental delicacy of students and motivating for independent search within the framework of the studied discipline. Conclusion. In modern conditions, the use of remote educational technologies has a large number of advantages. Since distance education has a wide range of multimedia, interactive, communicative and technical capabilities, contributes to the formation and development of ICT competence, expands the range of opportunities for the use of various information tools, it can organically weave into the full-time learning system, or become a significant alternative to traditional learning. The effectiveness and success of the introduction of distance education technologies depend on the competent and high-quality organization of the educational process and the use of effective forms of education.



2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-321
Author(s):  
Nikolay Nikolaevich Tsybov

The analysis of intelligent learning systems efficiency revealed a number of contradictions between the capabilities of software-integrated computer hardware facilities and low didactic efficiency of their use. Therefore, when designing intelligent learning systems, the task of researching and analyzing the existing psycho-pedagogical theories, concepts and training methods is still urgent today. The purpose of the paper is to study existing theories, concepts and learning methods for adapting them to automated software-integrated hardware learning facilities. The paper proposes variants of teacher and students adaptation to intelligent learning systems capabilities. Meanwhile, in the process of users adaptation to intelligent learning system by changing the color presentation of information blocks, its possible to gain a chance to influence students psycho-emotional state favorably. The author considers various fonts (words image) application which influence the efficiency of perception and capture of visual information; the author takes into account psycho physiological capacities of human capture of visual information and considers functionality of informing software-integrated hardware facilities, namely: volume and speed of visual information processed; - increasing the sizes of graphic pictures by which a certain person cannot analyze information presented. The methodological basis of the research is a complex application of mutually supportive approaches and methods based on the principles of general scientific methodology. The main approaches were - Person-oriented, system-working and competence-oriented approaches. The analysis of existing theories and concepts has shown that each of the studied educational concepts has its values. The paper considers shortcomings of basic theories and educational concepts from the position of a complex approach to the solution of educational tasks. Thereunder, any of basic applied theories and concepts can be adopted as a single universal educational basis for educational process structuring. A specific emphasis in the paper is aimed at the advantages and disadvantages of the concept of personal-oriented education, which is the most progressive in learning process structuring in authors opinion and which causes more discords of opponents. Using the results of theories and education concepts analysis the author gives recommendations how to design technical requirements to intelligent learning systems. The conditions of feasibility of intellectual learning systems and their didactic values have been formulated. The results of the research can be used in the design of intelligent learning systems for the purpose of selecting a complex of didactic educational tools.



Author(s):  
Y. B. Popova

The use of information technology and, in particular, learning management systems, increases the ability of both the teacher and the learner to achieve their goals in the educational process. Such systems provide educational content, help organize and monitor training, collect progress statistics, and can also take into account the individual characteristics of each user of the system. The purpose of this study is to determine the direction of development of modern learning systems and technologies for their implementation. The evolution of learning management systems, the transition to intelligent learning systems, the main stages of such systems were reviewed, the types of learning sequences were analyzed, the transformationinto adaptive learning systems was identified, and the scheme of the system and its mathematical model were presented. Expertise systems, the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic, cluster analysis, as well as genetic algorithms and artificial neural networks are defined as the mechanisms for implementing the learning systems. An artificial neural network in an adaptive learning system will allow you to create a unique training program that will build on existing knowledge and the level of perception of educational material by students. By formalizing the intellectual processes that both the teacher and the student carry out, it is possible to automate a certain part of the teacher’s functions, reduce the cost of manual labor, which will make it easier to monitor the learning process and also make the learning process more efficient.



2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-696
Author(s):  
Larysa V. Harashchenko ◽  
Svitlana G. Kondratiuk ◽  
Svitlana P. Palamar ◽  
Halyna O. Vaskivska ◽  
Liudmyla L. Nezhyva

The aim: Studying of the aspects that influence the formation of future teachers' values to health as the basis of an active life position of an individual. Materials and methods: To update the didactic aspects of the problem, we used the methods of analysis of normative and scientific sources, system analysis and generalizations, the results of our own empirical studies, materials of the questionnaire, active modeling of students' health value formation. Results: The formation of a value attitude to the problem of health in future teachers is carried out under the following conditions: awareness of the importance of the value of health; changing the attitude of the individual to his/her own health and the health of others; knowledge of the factors influencing health, a conscious desire to lead a healthy lifestyle and make efforts to care for health, the use in the educational process of the operational model of forming students' value attitude to health by mastering the content of the course “Health-saving technologies in education” in order to form the ability of a systematic understanding of health-saving activities. Conclusions: The formation of the value attitude of teachers to the problem of health involves taking into account all components of health and is possible provided within the condition of continuity of educational impact on the individual.



2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Y. Alqahtani ◽  
Albraa A. Rajkhan

During the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions were shut down all over the world, which impacted over 60% of students and caused a massive disruption of the education system. The goal of this paper was to identify the critical success factors for E-learning during COVID-19 using the multi-criteria Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) techniques to enhance the educational process. Data were generated by interviewing 69 E-learning managers in educational institutions during COVID-19 based on defined evaluation criteria and E-learning approaches through several channels. We found that technology management, support from management, increased student awareness to use E-learning systems, and demanding a high level of information technology from instructors, students, and universities were the most influential factors for E-learning during COVID-19. Among the five learning systems, blended learning was the most suitable learning system to practice. These results demonstrated that, regardless of how extraordinary the technology is in an educational institution, the readiness of E-learning execution played a large role in boosting the educational process during the COVID-19 pandemic.



2021 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Konkin ◽  
Svetlana Yurievna Dronova ◽  
Galina Viktorovna Tretyakova ◽  
Aleksey Eduardovich Bermudez-Alekina ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Kotenko

The prerequisites of this study were the practices of using innovative educational methods and technologies in higher education during the global COVID-19 pandemic, as well as their potential prospects for using already in the post-pandemic period. The purpose of the study was to assess the prospects and give innovative forecasts used in the framework of distance learning in post-pandemic higher education. To achieve this goal, such methods were used: analysis, inductive-deductive method, comparison method, as well as experimental and forecasting methods. The main result of the study is the conclusion that the prospects for using innovations of the pandemic period in post-pandemic higher education take place mainly in organizing the educational process in a hybrid (or a mixed) format, which involves the simultaneous use of traditional and innovative teaching methods and technologies. At the same time, among the innovative educational technologies that emerged during the pandemic and promising in the post-pandemic period, the following aspects were identified: remote lectures; remote seminars using online whiteboards, online video conferences, virtual and augmented reality technologies; interactive online learning technologies; remote technologies for organizing the educational process. Traditional educational technologies, in turn, included the following: personal consultations with a teacher; personal communication with a supervisor on student research papers; interactive practical classes, as well as a number of other technologies that are built on direct communication between students within a group or on communication between students and a teacher.



Author(s):  
Marina Spirina ◽  
◽  
Valery Shlykov ◽  
Yulia Kuznetcova ◽  
◽  
...  

With the introduction of modern technology into the educational process, it is important to consider how it can be applied in physical education teaching. The article deals with the peculiarities of implementing the individual educational pathway (IEP) of part-time students of the Ural State University of Physical Culture in the framework of a virtual learning system on the ‘HyperMethod’ platform. Our research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of the distance learning system in the process of the physical education of students. Based on the analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature and pedagogical research, an assessment of the quality of the educational process was carried out. For the purpose of ensuring remote forms of learning, lecturers of the Physical Education faculty created an online- course on the Physical Culture discipline. Students were able to study the lecture material, read the assessment criteria, submit their own projects and receive a review at their convenience. Through a review of the results of the assessment tasks, the most difficult questions for the students were identified and the methods of delivering the learning material were adjusted. The final stage of the educational process for students studying in the HyperMethod environment was conducted in the form of an independent monitored test. The students were tested by means of automated tools via the test assignment database. The analysis of the results of teaching the students during the winter session of 2019/20 demonstrated the successful performance of all of them. Based on the analysis and synthesis of the results of the conducted pedagogical study, we can conclude that the introduction of distance learning has contributed to an increase in self-organisation, students’ knowledge level and teachers’ professional competence.



2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Derek Woodgate

Purpose The ability to project oneself into a future landscape is a critical aspect for studying and practicing the science of foresight and foresight-based learning systems. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how we can construct immersive spatial narratives through multimedia-enhanced learning approaches, to increase deeper learner immersion and levels of creativity to transport the learner into a simulated 2030 landscape by reducing the distance between the projected reality and the Self. Design/methodology/approach The author designed a foresight-based course on the Future of Mobile Learning underpinned by a new learning system that embraced the concept of immersive spatial narratives, combining physical, virtual and cognitive learning spaces, which enable students to explore complex, undiscovered or unstructured knowledge. Practicing was carried out on 35 students who had completed the course during the preceding three years through a questionnaire and interviews to establish increased levels of creativity in a simulated future landscape. Findings The paper established that the addition of multimedia learning environments and tools to foresight-based learning creates immersive spatial narratives that increase creativity and learner ability to project him/herself into a simulated future landscape. In all, 75 per cent of the respondents stated that having to think about the future and place themselves in a practicing landscape increased their creative skills. Originality/value A new, foresight-based learning system driven by the concept of immersive spatial narratives, enhanced with student-created multimedia learning tools. The system demonstrated how this approach helps to increase learner creativity and the ability to transition from their Present Self to their Future Self.



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