The floating traditional Rice Techno-Demonstration for Community Food Security

Rice ranks as the most important cereal in the Philippines. It is one of the country’s largest agricultural production systems, highest among crop production. The general objective of the study was to determine if traditional rice variety can give optimum yield when planted in the floating area. The materials used were traditional rice varieties. The water hyacinth was converted into a rice floating area. Data gathered was analyzed using the analysis of variance. The LSD Test was employed to compare the significant difference between treatment mean values. Floating rice production is a viable option among small farmers particularly in areas where water availability is not control such as marshy area. Local materials such as water hyacinth as floater are widely available. There is a need however, for a sound cultural management to make it sustainable. The good agronomic characteristics of the rice varieties can be attributed by the types of variety and the management practices. The floating area can be converted a potential area for rice production for a certain community particularly in the marshy area. However, there a need for a sound management practices in the floating area that can farmers may adopt for a sustainable rice floating production area

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KERAGAAN MORFOLOGI DAN HASIL VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI DENGAN PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU DILAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJAN KABUPATEN JEPARA

Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian ◽

10.21082/jpptp.v22n1.2019.p133-144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Budi Winarto ◽

Sodiq Jauhari

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Crop Management ◽

Rice Production ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Rice Productivity ◽

Integrated Crop Management ◽

Significant Difference

Morphology Performances and Yield of New Superior Rice Variety with Integrated Crop Management in Rainfedland Jepara District. One constraint for increasing rice production in rainfedland Jepara District is the availability of adaptive improved rice varieties with high yield. The purpose of this assessment are: (1) to analyze the morphological performance and yield potential of some new superior varieties in rainfedland Jepara District (2) to assess the level of main rice pest and diseases attack and the presence of natural pest’s enemies, and (3) to assess the responses and perceptions of farmers towards integrated crop management applications in rice production. The assessment was conducted in ranfedland Mayong Kidul Village, Mayong Sub-district, Jepara District by involving Lestari Farmer’s Group on the second planting season of 2015. The assessment also employed A Randomized Block Design with three replications and rice variety as treament: Inpari-30, Inpari-31, Inpari-10, Conde, mekongga and varietas Ciherang as the control variety. The collected data of morphology and rice yield were analyzed using analysis of variance, then the mean difference values between treatments was further tested using the least significant difference test at p = 0.05. The results showed that there were influences of rice varieties on plant height, number of tillers, pests and diseaces as well as yield and yield component of the five rice varieties. The Mekongga variety is the most suitable rice variety that could be used in rainfedland in order to improve rice productivity in rainfedland of Jepara District. This variety could produce dry rice grain up to 6.8 tons/ha, with 105.5 cm plant height, 14.1 productive tillers, 23.7 cm panicle length 566 and 176 number of filled and empty grains 5 panicles respectively, 4.5 pest and diceases attack level, and is able to increase grain yield up to 30.7% compared to that of control variety. Respondent farmers have a positive perception to the concept of integrated crop management with a value of 68.3%. The implication of these results is that the utilization of new superior rice varieties especially Mekongga have a high potential for improving rice productivity in rainfedland of Jepara District. Keywords: New Superior Rice Varieties, rainfedland, ICM, Jepara ABSTRAK Keragaan Morfologi dan Hasil Varietas Unggul Baru Padi dengan Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu di Kabupaten Jepara. Salah satu kendala peningkatan produktivitas padi di lahan sawah tadah hujan Kabupaten Jepara adalah ketersediaan varietas unggul yang adaptif dengan produktivitas tinggi. Tujuan pengkajian ini adalah (1) mengkaji keragaan morfologi dan potensi hasil beberapa VUB padi di lahan sawah tadah hujan (2) mengkaji tingkat serangan hama dan penyakit utama padi serta keberadaan musuh alami hama, dan (3) mengkaji respon dan persepsi petani terhadap penerapan PTT padi. Pengkajian dilakukan di lahan sawah tadah hujan Desa Mayong Kidul Kecamatan Mayong Kabupaten Jepara, Kelompok Tani Lestari pada musim tanam ke-2 tahun 2015. Pengkajian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan sebagai perlakuan adalah varietas padi: Inpari-30, Inpari-31, Inpari-10, Conde dan mekongga serta varietas Ciherang sebagai pembanding. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (anova), selanjutnya perbedaan nilai tengah antar perlakuan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT) pada p=0.05. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata varietas padi terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, perkembangan OPT, hasil dan komponen hasil gabah dari kelima varietas tanaman padi yang diuji. Varietas Mekongga merupakan VUB padi yang paling sesuai ditanam di lokasi pengkajian dalam rangka meningkatkan produktivitas padi. Varietas ini menghasilkan gabah kering giling hingga 6.8 ton/ha, tinggi tanaman 105.5 cm, jumlah anakan produktif 14.1, panjang malai 23.7 cm, jumlah gabah bernas 566 butir per 5 malai, jumlah gabah hampa 176 gabah hampa per 5 malai dan tingkat serangan OPT 4,5%, serta mampu meningkatkan hasil gabah hingga 30.7% dibanding kontrol. Petani juga memiliki persepsi positif terhadap konsep PTT dengan nilai mencapai 68.3%. Implikasi hasil kajian ini adalah pemanfaatan VUB padi terutama Mekongga memiliki potensi tinggi dalam meningkatkan produktivitas padi di lahan sawah tadah hujan Kabupaten Jepara. Kata kunci: VUB padi, tadah hujan, PTT, Jepara

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Within-Field Rice Yield Estimation Based on Sentinel-2 Satellite Data

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13204095 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 4095

Author(s):

Belen Franch ◽

Alberto San Bautista ◽

David Fita ◽

Constanza Rubio ◽

Daniel Tarrazó-Serrano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Management Practices ◽

Rice Yield ◽

Spectral Band ◽

Rice Production ◽

Training Data ◽

Validation Dataset ◽

Percentage Error ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Sentinel 2

Rice is considered one of the most important crops in the world. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), rice production has increased significantly (156%) during the last 50 years, with a limited increase in cultivated area (24%). With the recent advances in remote sensing technologies, it is now possible to monitor rice crop production for a better understanding of its management at field scale to ultimately improve rice yields. In this work, we monitor within-field rice production of the two main rice varieties grown in Valencia (Spain) JSendra and Bomba during the 2020 season. The sowing date of both varieties was May 22–25, while the harvesting date was September 15–17 for Bomba and October 5–8 for JSendra. Rice yield data was collected over 66.03 ha (52 fields) by harvesting machines equipped with onboard sensors that determine the dry grain yield within irregular polygons of 3–7 m width. This dataset was split in two, selecting 70% of fields for training and 30% for validation purposes. Sentinel-2 surface reflectance spectral data acquired from May until September 2020 was considered over the test area at the two different spatial resolutions of 10 and 20 m. These two datasets were combined assessing the best combination of spectral reflectance bands (SR) or vegetation indices (VIs) as well as the best timing to infer final within-field yields. The results show that SR improves the performance of models with VIs. Furthermore, the correlation of each spectral band and VIs with the final yield changes with the dates and varieties. Considering the training data, the best correlation with the yields is obtained on July 4, with R2 for JSendra of 0.72 at 10 m and 0.76 at 20 m resolution, while the R2 for Bomba is 0.87 at 10 m and 0.92 at 20 m resolution. Based on the validation dataset, the proposed models provide within-field yield modelling Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.254 t×ha−1 (Mean Absolute Percentage Error, MAPE, of 3.73%) for JSendra at 10 m (0.240 t×ha−1; 3.48% at 20 m) and 0.218 t×ha−1 (MAPE 5.82%) for Bomba (0.223 t×ha−1; 5.78% at 20 m) on July 4, that is three months before harvest. At parcel level the model’s MAE is 0.176 t×ha−1 (MAPE 2.61%) for JSendra and 0.142 t×ha−1 (MAPE 4.51%) for Bomba. These results confirm the close correlation between the rice yield and the spectral information from satellite imagery. Additionally, these models provide a timeliness overview of underperforming areas within the field three months before the harvest where farmers can improve their management practices. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of optimum agronomic management of rice plants during the first weeks of rice cultivation (40–50 days after sowing) to achieve high yields.

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Nursing Students Attitude Towards Self-Care Management

Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference ◽

10.35974/isc.v7i1.948 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 218-229

Author(s):

WILLIAMS KWASI PEPRAH ◽

GIFTY TANO ◽

Fiskvik Boahemaa Antwi ◽

Simon Akwasi Osei

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Care Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Self Care ◽

The Philippines ◽

Human Potential ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Physical Relationship ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Fundamental Value

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Self-care management has become a theoretical discussion among health professionals and students. As a result of its importance, the International Council for Nurses has incorporated it in their standard of competence. Self-care encourages health and is a fundamental value of the scope and standards of practice. Nursing students are advised to have proper self-care. METHOD: This study investigated the self-care management practices of nursing students at the Adventist University of the Philippines (AUP) and how they align with the institutional outcomes. This quantitative study conveniently samples 47 nursing students as respondents. The study adopted the Circle of Human Potential ' questionnaire by Dossey and Keegan (2009), which assessed self-care management in the areas of physical, relationship, emotional, spiritual, mental, and choice. The application for SPSS 23 was used for the descriptive and t-test analysis as demanded by the research questions. RESULTS: The results of the study revealed that there is a positive self-care management attitude among nursing students. The ranked of self-care management from highest to the least in the order of spiritual, mental, emotional, relational, choice, and physical assessments. It further revealed that there was no significant difference in self-care management when considering the sex of the students. DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION: The outcomes of the study were in accordance with the AUP institutional outcomes of spirituality, critical thinking, professional expertise, service, health and wellness, and positive attitude. The study recommends that nursing students keep up with their positive self-care management.

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PEMANFAATAN PIRAMIDA GEN KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI DALAM MENDUKUNG PERAKITAN VARIETAS UNGGUL PADI Application of Gene Pyramiding For Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight to Develop New Rice Variety

Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian ◽

10.21082/jp3.v39n1.2020.p11-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Fatimah Fatimah ◽

Joko Prasetiyono

Keyword(s):

Molecular Marker ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Gene Pyramiding ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Rice Production ◽

Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Marker Assisted Backcrossing

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is an important bacterial disease and very destructive to rice plant. BLB decreased rice production from 20%-30% up to 80%. Host-plant resistance is a cost-effective and environmentally safe approach to reduce yield loss. However the development of new rice variety by conventional selection would take several years. The genetic improvement in rice production considered as a vital program in order to ensure national food security. The availability of corresponding molecular marker makes it more precision and efficient by reducing the time required for selection. This present article highlights the molecular approach in breeding for BLB disease resistant rice varieties. In detail, it will be discussed the application of molecular marker assisted backcrossing and pyramiding gene resistance offered breeders to accelerate the rice breeding program for resistance to BLB. The pyramiding of three resistance BLB genes (xa5, Xa7, and Xa21and one gene (Xa4) as a background into two elite indica rice varieties, Ciherang and Inpari 13, was introduced successfully. The combining of conventional breeding, marker assisted backcrossing, disease evaluation, agronomic performance and yield has led the significant resistance of pyramid lines to Xoo Race III, IV and VIII in vegetative and generative phase while their yield potential was maintained (6-7 ton/ha). The current status of Ciherang-HDB and Inpari 13-HDB pyramid lines is the production of nucleoseeds and breeder seeds. This broad spectrum and durable resistance characteristic may help in controlling BLB disease in different region of Indonesia and it will facilitate the rice self-sustainability program.Keywords: Rice, gene pyramiding, plant breeding, molecular marker. AbstrakPenyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman padi karena dapat menurunkan produksi padi rata-rata 20-30% bahkan dapat mencapai 80%. Penggunaan varietas tahan merupakan cara pengendalian yang paling efektif, ramah lingkungan, dan mudah dilakukan. Namun pengembangan varietas unggul baru melalui seleksi konvensional memerlukan waktu lebih lama. Perbaikan varietas padi perlu terus dikembangkan dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan dan kemandirian pangan nasional. Tersedianya marka molekuler membantu proses pemuliaan tanaman menjadi lebih presisi dan lebih efisien sehingga mengurangi waktu seleksi pada tanaman progeni. Tulisan ini memfokuskan pendekatan molekuler dalam pemuliaan varietas tahan penyakit HDB melalui piramida gen ketahanan untuk mempercepat progam pemuliaan padi tahan penyakit HDB. Kegiatan menggabungkan tiga gen ketahanan (xa5, Xa7, dan Xa21) dan satu gen (Xa4) sebagai background ke dalam padi varietas Ciherang dan Inpari-13 telah berhasil dilakukan. Melalui penggabungan beberapa pendekatan yaitu pemuliaan konvensional dan silang balik berbantu marka, evaluasi penyakit dan keragaan agronomi serta komponen hasil telah menunjukkan peningkatan ketahanan yang nyata pada galur-galur piramida Ciherang HDB dan Inpari-13 HDB pada tiga ras Xoo (Ras III, IV, dan VIII), baik pada fase vegetatif maupun generatif dengan potensi hasil tidak berbeda nyata dengan tetuanya (6-7 t/ha). Saat ini sudah diproduksi benih inti (NS) dan benih penjenis (BS) galur-galur piramida Ciherang HDB dan Inpari-13 HDB. Dengan demikian, galur-galur piramida memiliki spektrum yang luas dan mampu bertahan dalam jangka waktu lama sehingga dapat mengontrol penyakit HDB di berbagai wilayah Indonesia dan mendukung target pemerintah untuk mempertahankan swasembada beras secara berkelanjutan.Kata kunci: Padi, piramida gen, pemuliaan tanaman, marka molekuler.

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Risk Behavior of Farmers Cultivating Traditional Rice Varieties in Erode District, Tamil Nadu

Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology ◽

10.9734/ajaees/2021/v39i1030701 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 349-357

Author(s):

G. Kaviya ◽

A. Vidhyavathi ◽

S. Padma Rani ◽

M. Nirmala Devi

Keyword(s):

Risk Behavior ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Soil Health ◽

Risk Attitude ◽

Farm Income ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Natural Risk ◽

Small Areas ◽

Traditional Rice

This study investigates the risk behavior of traditional rice variety growers in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, using Moscardi and De Janvry approach and Discriminant analysis technique. A well structured questioner was prepared and purposive random sampling was done in three blocks which covers highest cultivable area under paddy namely Gobichettipalayam, Modakurichi and Bhavani in Erode district. Each traditional rice varieties have some unique characteristics i.e some are pest and disease resistant, drought resistant, resistant to waterlogged condition and have medicinal values. The present study was done to identify the major risks, to quantify the risk attitude and to identify the factors influencing risk attitude of the traditional variety growers in Erode District. In the research it was found that the varieties preferred by farmers were Thuyamalli, Kichadi samba, Karuppukavuni, Mapillai samba,Arcaud Kichadi Samba, Poongar, Thanga Samba, Sivan Samba and few other varieties they were cultivating in small areas using organic farming method.The major risk found in cultivating traditional rice varieties were market risk followed by human labour risk, processing risk, input risk, technology risk, institutional risk, natural risk and other risks include transport risk and storage risk. The farmers were grouped into three categories i.e., risk preferrers (63.33 per cent), risk neutral (28.33 per cent) and risk averse (8.33 per cent) based on risk attitude. Once again the farmers in each group was categorized into low, medium, high risk based on nine factors namely, farmers age, major occupation, years of schooling, family size, membership in any of the farmers association, proportion of paddy area to total farm area, proportion of paddy income to total farm income, experience and adequacy of market which were influencing the risk attitude of farmers. In order to conserve the traditional rice varieties from extinction, to restore the soil health, to ensure nutritional security the farmers were willing to take risk.

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Identification of fgr gene and preliminary evaluation for agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety (Oryza sativa L.)

The Journal of Agriculture and Development ◽

10.52997/jad.5.02.2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 02 ◽

pp. 39-48

Author(s):

Toan D. Pham

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Rice Production ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

High Yield ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Fgr Gene

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in Vietnam particularly in the Mekong Delta. Screening of good quality and high yield rice varieties are needed for rice production in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to use molecular techniques to identify fgr gene and to evaluate preliminarily agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety. The results showed that this variety contained fgr gene. The fragrant allele was amplified by ESP - IFAP primers with a product of 255 bp in size. Similarly, evaluation of agronomic traits showed that the pandan sticky rice variety displayed many desirable characteristics such as plant height of 108 cm, panicle length of 25.6 cm, seed/panicle 135, 100-grain weight 2.07 g, pandan smell, level 2 of alkali digestion, gel consistency 93 mm. These results were useful information and could be applied for improving and providing pandan sticky rice variety for rice production.

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Kepelbagaian Sumber Genetik Padi di Bank Gen Padi MARDI Seberang Perai

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v70.3545 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Site Noorzuraini Abd Rahman ◽

Mohd Shukri Mat Ali ◽

Ismail Muhamod Nor ◽

Latefi Mahmud ◽

Fauziah Shafie

Keyword(s):

Food Supply ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Future Research ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Collaboration Project ◽

Traditional Rice

Rice Genebank located in MARDI Seberang Perai was the first seeds bank in Malaysia which was established in year 1989 with the objective for conserving the diversity of Malaysian rice germplasms from extinction and for utilization in future research and breeding program. The germplasms were gathered through collection expeditions in entire Malaysia, while the foreign seed varieties were gathered through collaboration project involved seeds exchange. Until now, a total of 12,258 accessions of rice are conserved in this Genebank comprised of 32% of traditional rice varieties, 35.7% of released rice varieties and breeding lines developed by MARDI and the remaining are consisted of introduced rice varieties. This study observed the rice accessions conserved in the genebank are highly variability. Several morphological traits of rice also shown highly significant correlations between traits; thus this finding is important for research and variety development for produce new high-yielding rice variety for accommodate the national food supply.

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Smallholder Farmers’ Knowledge, Perception and Management of Rice Blast Disease in Upland Rice Production in Tanzania

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n7p137 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ibrahim Hashim ◽

Delphina P. Mamiro ◽

Robert B. Mabagala ◽

Tadele Tefera

Keyword(s):

Rice Blast ◽

Management Practices ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Household Survey ◽

Rice Production ◽

Rice Blast Disease ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Rice Varieties

The objective of this paper was to investigate farmers’ knowledge and management of rice blast disease in Tanzania. Farmers’ household survey was conducted in five districts namely Mvomero, Morogoro rural, Ulanga, Korogwe and Muheza in April and May 2017. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire and observations made through transect walks across selected villages. Farmers observed symptoms of rice blast disease for the first time in the past 3 to 10 years, with higher severity of blast disease in April to May each year. About 46.3% of the respondents were not aware of the cause and spread of rice blast disease. About 39.9% of the respondents associated rice blast disease with drought, high rainfall and temperature (8.7%) and soil fertility problems (5.1%). About 18.7% of the farmers reported burning of crop residues, 17.0% use of ash, 4.0% use of nitrogen fertilizer and 6.3% application of fungicide for management of rice blast disease. The majority (54.0%) of farmers did not apply any management method. Most farmers planted local upland rice varieties, with only 7.7% using improved varieties. About 69.6% of the respondents shared information on disease management among themselves. Lack of knowledge, ability to afford and unavailability of effective blast disease control methods were reported to affect the management of the disease. Strengthening the capacity of farmers to identify the disease and proper management practices will sustainably solve the problem of rice blast disease in upland rice production.

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Mining for Glyphosate-Resistant Genes in Rice Genotypes of the Philippines

IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation ◽

10.7718/ijec.v16i1.1021 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alvin D. Palanog ◽

Abie D. Rojo ◽

Thea Mae Coleen B. Lanutan ◽

Zayber B. Araya ◽

Le-Ann G. Dogeno

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Management Practices ◽

Severity Index ◽

The Philippines ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Resistant Genes ◽

Rice Genotypes

This study aimed to identify and characterize rice genotypes possibly possessing glyphosate-resistant genes, promoting the ability to withstand non-selective, systemic herbicides. The field establishment was based on alpha lattice design replicated into two with a plot size of 2 x 10 rows. All crop management practices followed the PalayCheck System®. At 14 DAT, the glyphosate-based herbicide (Round-up) was directly applied in rice plants. Survival and severity percentage were recorded from 4days to 20 days after herbicide application when the rice plants were observed reacting to the application while agronomic parameters were gathered at maturity stage. Out of one hundred rice genotypes, only 12 exhibited moderate to strong resistance to glyphosate-based herbicide while other genotypes stunted and wilted to death. The 12 genotypes are as follows: Kinastila, Binundor, Dinorado, Kalipao, Inanod, Camoros, Minondoc, Innano, Zambales, Maliket (Red), Kilay, and Simmaba. Among these twelve genotypes, Zambales is the most tolerant to glyphosate herbicide with highest survival rate and low severity index followed by Kalipao, Innaano and Kilay which have moderate survival rate and low severity rate. Identified resistant genotypes were agro-morphological characterized. Zambales genotype has the tallest plant height and highest spikelet number while the superior genotypes for the number of productive tillers, panicle length and spikelet fertility were Minondoc, Simmaba and Kinastila, respectively. These results show that the genotypes being tested have a wide variation in agro-morphological traits. Ultimately, 12 genotypes were identified as tolerant to glyphosate-based herbicide. Further evaluation and characterization are still required to verify the resistance of identified genotypes. These germplasms are promising materials for future breeding and research purposes in developing non-transgenic glyphosate-resistant rice varieties. Keywords-Genotypes, glyphosate resistance, morphological diversity, severity index, Philippines

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Assessment of the CERES-Rice model for rice production in the Central Plain of Thailand

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859601001319 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 137 (3) ◽

pp. 289-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S. CHEYGLINTED ◽

S. L. RANAMUKHAARACHCHI ◽

G. SINGH

Keyword(s):

Rice Production ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Potential Yield ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

N Application ◽

Acid Sulphate ◽

Central Plain ◽

Acid Sulphate Soils ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Institute Of Technology

CERES-Rice model was used to simulate growth and yield of four common rice varieties in Thailand with the attention on rate and timing of N application, a factor that most limits crop yield. The model predicted slightly higher grain yield than that observed for all varieties at N input of 75 kg/ha, but the differences between observed and simulated yields were not significant, except for varieties HSP and SPR90. The simulated grain[ratio ]straw ratio was significantly higher than the observed value for all varieties except that of HSP. There was no significant difference between the simulated and observed values of days to flowering. Generally, the model reasonably predicted the phenology and yields of RD23 and KDML105 varieties. The model was also used to compare the yields of KDML105 variety as influenced by rate and timing of N application grown in acid sulphate soils. There was a variation in predicted biomass yield with applied N rates at 0 and 150 kg/ha, but timing of application had no effect. In Aeric Endoquept and Sulfic Tropaquept soils at Suphan Buri and Pathum Thani rice research stations, the yield patterns remained unchanged and showed a positive response to N rate up to 75 kg/ha. The model estimated higher grain yields beyond 75 kg N/ha while the observed yield decreased. Based on the simulated yields for a 10-year period at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Pathum Thani, Suphan Buri, Nakhon Pathom and Ratcha Buri rice research stations the varieties were ranked as: SPR90 > RD23 = HSP > KDML105. The model suggested that SPR90 is the most suitable variety for the central plain and its potential yield ranges from 4030 to 5600 kg/ha. Pathum Thani province, with acid sulphate soils, had the lowest potential for rice production.

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