scholarly journals FEED PRODUCTION IN THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE: STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
Anatoly Shpakov ◽  
Anel Kutuzova ◽  
Dalhat Teberdiev ◽  
Valentina Volovik
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Zone State

The Non-Chernozem zone of Russia in terms of soil and climatic conditions and plant resources is the main region of specialization of commodity production of dairy and meat products of animal husbandry. The intensity and economic efficiency of the industry are closely related to the volume of production and quality of feed. The article analyzes the current state, substantiates the main parameters of feed production and measures for the development of promising feed production systems that ensure food security in the region. Soil and climate resources, scientific and practical experience allows us to produce basic types of food in the Non-Chernozem zone in full from the need. For the production of dairy and meat products of cattle, it will be necessary to produce about 77 million tons of feed units, including 40 million tons of bulk and 37 million tons of concentrated. To produce this amount of feed, it will be necessary to increase the sown area of forage crops to 11 million hectares, and increase their productivity to 2.5 t/ha of feed units. The most important factor in increasing the production of bulky feed is natural forage lands, cultural hayfields and pastures, which allow the use of feed at the lowest cost of material and technical resources and produce environmentally safe products.

scholarly journals Selection of sunflower and its mixtures on the permafrost soil of Central Yakutia

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
E. S. Pestereva ◽  
S. A. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Permafrost Soil ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. For the development of the main branch of agriculture in Yakutia — animal husbandry, one of the most pressing problems is the availability of feed. The article presents the results of research conducted at the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture.Methods. Scientific research on the selection of sunflower mixtures with promising forage crops was carried out at site 30 “A“(on the basis of the laboratory of feed production of the YANIISKH) on the second over-floodplain terrace of the Lena River in 2018-2019.Results. The results of research on the growth and development of forage crops, the formation of yield, chemical composition and nutritional value of sunflower and its mixtures with promising annual crops are presented. High indicators for the development and yield of the tested crops were provided by sunflower mixed with corn 42.7 t/ha of green mass and sunflower mixed with Sudan grass 40.2 t/ha of green mass. The terms of sowing and harvesting of sunflower and its mixtures on permafrost soils are determined — sowing — the first decade of June, harvesting-the second decade of August before early-autumn frosts in the phase of mass flowering and throwing out panicles of the tested forage crops.

scholarly journals Selection of sunflower and its mixtures on the permafrost soil of Central Yakutia

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
E. S. Pestereva ◽  
S. A. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Permafrost Soil ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. For the development of the main branch of agriculture in Yakutia — animal husbandry, one of the most pressing problems is the availability of feed. The article presents the results of research conducted at the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture. Methods. Scientific research on the selection of sunflower mixtures with promising forage crops was carried out at site 30 “A“(on the basis of the laboratory of feed production of the YANIISKH) on the second over-floodplain terrace of the Lena River in 2018-2019.Results. The results of research on the growth and development of forage crops, the formation of yield, chemical composition and nutritional value of sunflower and its mixtures with promising annual crops are presented. High indicators for thedevelopment and yield of the tested crops were provided by sunflower mixed with corn 42.7 t/ha of green mass and sunflower mixed with Sudan grass 40.2 t/ha of green mass. The terms of sowing and harvesting of sunflower and its mixtures on permafrost soils are determined — sowing — the first decade of June, harvesting-the second decadeof August before early-autumn frosts in the phase of mass flowering and throwing out panicles of the tested forage crops.

EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF MICROFERTILIZERS AND BIOPREPARATION OF A NEW GENERATION ON CROPS OF MEADOW CLOVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1349-1356
Author(s):  
L.A. Dzugaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
New Generation

Feed production has been and remains one of the most important and complex problems in agriculture. The production of forage far exceeds the gross production of all other crop products. At the same time, being the most important branch of agriculture, they do not meet the needs of animal husbandry. The development of animal husbandry has recently been characterized by major organizational and technical changes. The process of specialization and concentration of its individual industries is under way at an accelerated pace. A network of large complexes for the production of livestock products on an industrial basis is being created, and farms are being comprehensively mechanized. All this led to an increase in the production of all livestock products. The successful development of animal husbandry depends, first of all, on the state of the fodder base. In recent years, fodder production has developed into one of the most important branches of agriculture. Analysis of the current state of feed production in North Ossetia shows that the supply of livestock with feed is 1.5 times lower than in some regions of the Russian Federation and has a tendency to further decline. This is due to the fact that feed production is aimed at volumetric rather than quality indicators. Therefore, all vegetable feeds of our own production are characterized by a low concentration of protein in dry matter (8.3-9.2%) and metabolizable energy (8.2-8.5 MJ). Clover is one of the leading forage crops. Its role as a cheap source of protein for animals and as an excellent precursor in crop rotation is well known. Agrotechnical significance is also great: thanks to the nodule bacteria settling on the roots of clover, it is able to assimilate atmospheric nitrogen. Clover roots penetrate deep into the ground, loosen the soil layer, extracting nutrients that are difficult for other plants to reach, enrich the soil with organic matter, improve its structure, physical properties, fix the arable layer and protect it from water and wind erosion. Get ting high and stable yields is possible with uninterrupted, harmonious, balanced supply of plants with basic nutrients in accordance with their needs throughout the growing season. The size of the yield is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of the culture under study, cultivation conditions, agricultural techniques and their combinations. It is advisable to focus on modern biological products and complex bioorganic fertilizers, because their composition is as close to optimal values as possible.

scholarly journals Optimized feed planning for a grazing horse production systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Evandro Gervásio de Oliveira ◽  
João Batista Soares ◽  
Luis Gustavo Barioni ◽  
Gilberto Gonçalves Leite ◽  
Auro César Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Feeding Costs ◽  
One Year ◽  
Technical Coefficients

The objective of this study was to develop an economically optimal plan for pasture production and supplementary feeding of horses. The plan was based on the optimization of a multiperiodic linear programming model with the objective of minimizing overall feeding costs, subject to the nutritional constraints of each horse category. The model encompasses a period of one year, from January to December, divided in bimonthly periods. Technical coefficients varied among periods based on local information regarding productivity of the forage crops, taking into account the local climatic conditions and seasonality of production. Literature data on feed nutritional value (crude protein and digestible energy), dry matter intake and nutritional requirements of the horses were also used as technical coefficients. Optimization results allow concluding that it is possible to reduce significantly the feeding costs in the horse production system by decreasing supplementation and substituting the commercial concentrate by the oat grain produced in the local.

Improving the economic efficiency of cattle breeding on 137Cs-contaminated agricultural land

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Vladimir .Ya. Sarukhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
High Level

After the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, significant territories of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus were in the zone of radioactive contamination. Agricultural production in territories contaminated with radio-nuclides is advisable only when obtaining environmentally safe products. In order to obtain environmentally safe food products and break-even animal husbandry, especially in ecologically unfavorable territories, it is necessary to intensify production by selecting breeds of cattle, the cultivation of which is most effective for the conditions of a particular region. There are various techniques for reducing the content of 137Cs in beef and milk, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. If the use of sorbents requires additional costs, then in the presence of feed slightly contaminated with radio-nuclides, it is possible to obtain livestock products (meat, milk) that meet regulatory indicators without increasing the cost price. The use of sorbents in the production of milk in radionuclide-contaminated areas is advisable if there is processing of dairy raw materials in producing farms. The animals of the Aberdeen-Angus, Simmental meat type and Hereford breeds are the most suitable for beef production in areas contaminated with radio-nuclides. Their breeding, even with a high level of contamination of the diet, will allow you to obtain environmentally friendly meat products.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПИЩЕВОГО БЕЛКОВО-ЖИРОВОГО БАЛАНСА И СТРАТЕГИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВА

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
V.I. CHINAROV
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Labor Resources

В 2018 году дефицит белка и жиров животного происхождения в питании населения России составил 11,8 и 5,5, соответственно. Продолжает оставаться высокой импортозависимость по белку животного происхождения на уровне 10,3, по животным жирам 8,8. Интенсификация развития животноводства соответствует стратегической цели социального развития и повышения жизненного уровня населения нашей страны на ближайшую и отдаленную перспективы. В соответствии с Доктриной продовольственной безопасности взят курс на наиболее полное обеспечение и улучшение структуры питания людей за счет роста потребления ценной в питательном отношении молочномясной продукции собственного производства. Россия располагает всеми необходимыми условиями и имеет реальные предпосылки полностью решить проблему обеспечения населения животными жирами и пищевым белком животного происхождения, но с каждым годом усложняется ситуация с трудовыми ресурсами на селе.In 2018, the deficit of protein and animal fats at the diet of Russian population was 11.8 and 5.5, respectively. High import dependence on animal protein remains at the level of 10.3, and on animal fats 8.8. Intensification of animal husbandry corresponds to the strategy of social development and improvement of living standards of countryside population in near and longterm period. In accordance with the Food Security Doctrine it was taken the course on the most complete provision and improving the structure of peoples diet due to increasing in the consumption of valuable dairy and meat products of own production. Our country has all the necessary conditions and has real prerequisites for fully solving the problem of providing the population with animal fats and protein, but every year the situation with the labor resources in rural areas becomes more complicated.

Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

scholarly journals Multiresistant Bacteria Isolated from Intestinal Faeces of Farm Animals in Austria

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Herbert Galler ◽  
Josefa Luxner ◽  
Christian Petternel ◽  
Franz F. Reinthaler ◽  
Juliana Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

In recent years, antibiotic-resistant bacteria with an impact on human health, such as extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-containing Enterobacteriaceae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), have become more common in food. This is due to the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which leads to the promotion of antibiotic resistance and thus also makes food a source of such resistant bacteria. Most studies dealing with this issue usually focus on the animals or processed food products to examine the antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study investigated the intestine as another main habitat besides the skin for multiresistant bacteria. For this purpose, faeces samples were taken directly from the intestines of swine (n = 71) and broiler (n = 100) during the slaughter process and analysed. All samples were from animals fed in Austria and slaughtered in Austrian slaughterhouses for food production. The samples were examined for the presence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, MRSA, MRCoNS and VRE. The resistance genes of the isolated bacteria were detected and sequenced by PCR. Phenotypic ESBL-producing Escherichia coli could be isolated in 10% of broiler casings (10 out of 100) and 43.6% of swine casings (31 out of 71). In line with previous studies, the results of this study showed that CTX-M-1 was the dominant ESBL produced by E. coli from swine (n = 25, 83.3%) and SHV-12 from broilers (n = 13, 81.3%). Overall, the frequency of positive samples with multidrug-resistant bacteria was lower than in most comparable studies focusing on meat products.

scholarly journals Characterization of smallholder cattle production systems in South-Kivu province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Mugumaarhahama ◽  
Rodrigue Balthazar Basengere Ayagirwe ◽  
Valence Bwana Mutwedu ◽  
Nadège Cizungu Cirezi ◽  
Dieudonné Shukuru Wasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
South Kivu

AbstractIn South-Kivu province, cattle farming is an integral component of farmers’ livelihoods and one of the few income-generating opportunities for smallholders. However, very few studies have been conducted to characterize smallholders’ cattle production systems. This study documents cattle production systems to better understand their current situation, constraints they face and opportunities they offer. For that purpose, an investigation was conducted based on a structured survey questionnaire and participatory interviews with 863 farmers in South-Kivu province. Collected data were analysed using factorial analysis of mixed data and clustering techniques. The results revealed three types of smallholder cattle farms differing mainly in their herds’ sizes and landholding. The first category is the most common and includes farmers raising small herds (6.3 ± 6.7 cattle) of local breeds in herding system (in this work, “herding system” refers to a rearing system for which the farmer drives and stays with his animals on pastures and fallow land during the day) and grazing fodder in community pastures, fallow lands and roadside grasses, while land constitutes a scarce resource. In the second category, some farmers have small tracts of land (< 5 ha) and others have large tracts (> 5 ha), but all have medium-size herds (45.1 ± 19.4 cattle) made up of local breeds, which they rear in herding system. They also exploit community pastures, fallow land and roadside fodder for animal feeding. The third and last category includes farmers with large cattle herds (78.1 ± 28.1 cattle) of local, crossbred and exotic breeds raised free range in the fenced paddocks on vast areas of land (> 5 ha) found in high-altitude regions. However, while being different according to the above-considered characteristics, the three categories of cattle farming remain extensive pastoral farms dominated by male farmers. Agriculture and/or animal husbandry are their main source of income while their livestock are also composed of goats and poultry, beside cattle. Still, the three farming groups require more inputs and improvement strategies for increased productivity in the challenging environment characterized by low land accessibility and high demand for milk and meat. Fodder cultivation and crop-livestock integration through agro-ecological systems as well as access to credit and extension services are the proposed strategies for the improvement of this economic sector.

scholarly journals Insects as Feed for Farmed Poultry: Are Italian Consumers Ready to Embrace This Innovation?

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Davide Menozzi ◽  
Giovanni Sogari ◽  
Cristina Mora ◽  
Marta Gariglio ◽  
Laura Gasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Feed Source ◽  
Information Treatment ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

The inclusion of insects as a protein source in feed production is not only related to technical, economical, and normative restrictions but is also affected by consumer acceptance. In this study, we evaluated consumers’ attitudes, intention to purchase and eat, and willingness to pay for meat obtained from a farmed duck fed with insect-based meal or a live insect diet. We conducted a survey among a sample of 565 consumers to test the effects of information about the benefits of using insects as feed on consumers’ attitudes towards animal-based products fed with insects. Providing information on the sustainability and nutritional benefits of using insects as feed increased both attitude towards and intention to purchase and eat meat products made from animals fed with insects. In the treatment group, we found a significant reduction from 21.9 to 14.0% in those who wanted to be compensated for buying a duck fed with an insect-based meal and an increase in those willing to pay the same price—from 64.9 to 72.7%. The information treatment significantly increased the intention to eat such products, suggesting that increasing consumers’ knowledge might help in reducing the fears and misconceptions around the topic of using insects as a feed source.

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