Improving the economic efficiency of cattle breeding on 137Cs-contaminated agricultural land

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Vladimir .Ya. Sarukhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
High Level

After the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, significant territories of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus were in the zone of radioactive contamination. Agricultural production in territories contaminated with radio-nuclides is advisable only when obtaining environmentally safe products. In order to obtain environmentally safe food products and break-even animal husbandry, especially in ecologically unfavorable territories, it is necessary to intensify production by selecting breeds of cattle, the cultivation of which is most effective for the conditions of a particular region. There are various techniques for reducing the content of 137Cs in beef and milk, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. If the use of sorbents requires additional costs, then in the presence of feed slightly contaminated with radio-nuclides, it is possible to obtain livestock products (meat, milk) that meet regulatory indicators without increasing the cost price. The use of sorbents in the production of milk in radionuclide-contaminated areas is advisable if there is processing of dairy raw materials in producing farms. The animals of the Aberdeen-Angus, Simmental meat type and Hereford breeds are the most suitable for beef production in areas contaminated with radio-nuclides. Their breeding, even with a high level of contamination of the diet, will allow you to obtain environmentally friendly meat products.

Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

Analytical support of the main trends in the development of the livestock industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Elena Kostyukova ◽  
Alexander Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Livestock Products

Agriculture is the most important area of economic activity for the production of products and services in order to provide the population with quality food, industry with raw materials and promote sustainable development of rural areas. In recent years, there has been a downward trend in the rate of agricultural development, which is lagging behind the growth rate of the Russian economy as a whole. Structural changes in the agro-industrial complex have not produced significant positive results, which is caused by a number of reasons. One of the directions of agricultural policy in Russia is the accelerated development of animal husbandry and increasing the competitiveness of domestic livestock products in the domestic market. The state program for the development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food provides for a set of measures for the priority development of animal husbandry. Implementation of these measures requires improved management in order to increase the efficiency of livestock production. The article considers aspects of the formation of accounting and analytical support for management of the livestock industry, economic and statistical analysis of trends and structural changes in the livestock industry. The best practices of Russian scientists in the field of accounting and agricultural Economics are summarized

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR SANITARY PROCESSING OF FOOTWEAR AND CLOTHES OF LIVESTOCK WORKERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Paliy ◽  
Andriy Paliy ◽  
K. V. Ishchenko K. V. ◽  
S. A. Mikhalchenko
Keyword(s):  
Branch Pipe ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Start Button ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
Brush Control ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

Effective control of the quality and safety of livestock products is possible only with the implementation of a scientifically grounded complex of veterinary and sanitary and general economic measures. The goal of our work was to develop effective ways to sanitize clothing and footwear of workers in the livestock industry. The studies were carried out following the current methodological approaches that are used in agriculture and veterinary medicine. Based on the results of the research carried out, two methods and one device have been developed to ensure a high level of veterinary and sanitary measures in animal husbandry. It has been proven that for the sanitization of clothing of workers in the animal husbandry industry, it is effective to use a disinfectant, which includes the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid (0.09–0.36%), adipic acid (0.01–0.04%), sodium bicarbonate (0.01–0.04%), sodium carbonate (0.003–0.01%), water (99.887–99.55%) when exposed for 30 minutes. For disinfection of workers' footwear, it is advisable to use disinfectants filled with a disinfectant that contains dichlorantin (0.021–0.21%), 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (0.0164–0.164%), a dispersant (0.012–0.12%), anionic surfactants (0.005–0.05%), corrosion inhibitor (0.01–0.1%), filler (0.0356–0.356%) and water (99.9–99.0%). An innovative device for cleaning and disinfection is proposed - a shoe disinfector, which consists of a waterproof box with a bottom wider than the top, filled with a disinfectant solution, a branch pipe for removing waste solution, a brush shaft, which is fixed in the upper part of the waterproof box, an electric motor with a rotational speed 2 rev/s., Which serves as a drive shaft brush, control panel with a start button and a stop button. The proposed developments complement the existing regulations on veterinary and sanitary measures at livestock farms and complexes.

scholarly journals Biofuels as an instrument of Russia hydrocarbons and agrarian exports competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 13029
Author(s):  
Denis Ushakov ◽  
Oleg Patlasov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Level ◽  
Science Intensity

Paper analyzes the prospects of biofuels second and third generation in the structure of the global energy balance, demonstrates a sharp decline in oil and gas revenues in the Russian budget, describes advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel and bioethanol production. The connection between the growth of Russia’s export potential in terms of hydrocarbon products processing with EU standards implementation has been proved. The problems of the realization of programs on the oxygenate technologies development in the Union State of Russia-Belarus were revealed. The capacity of the market of 3-4 generations fuel with using non-food raw materials and various types of biomass was estimated. Was proved that at a high level of growth in business value and profitability of production there are incentives to organize deep processing in Russia’s hydrocarbon production. It is proved that the oil and gas industry in a creative economy should increase its science intensity and depth of raw materials processing, including ones in related industries.

The Benefits of Cementitious Encapsulation Matrices for the Conditioning of Intermediate Level Waste

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Guppy ◽  
S. P. Vines ◽  
S. J. Wisbey
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Level ◽  
Interim Storage

The UK has significant quantities of radioactive waste, which have arisen over the past fifty years or so, largely as a result of nuclear power, reprocessing and defence programmes. The intermediate level wastes arising as a result of these activities, exhibit a high level of physical and chemical diversity, and must be managed safely in a way that protects existing and future generations and the environment. Development work has been conducted since the early 1980s to identify suitable conditioning materials and techniques that are compatible with the needs of safe long-term management, including interim storage, transport and future deep geological disposal. From these studies cementation emerged as the one medium which could satisfy all the key waste management criteria. Other materials were not ruled out and may offer benefits in specific applications. The advantages of conditioning ILW with cement include: • the extensive experience of its use in a wide variety of contexts; • the raw materials are relatively cheap and have a long shelf life; • cement is processed in relatively simple plant at room temperature, with safety and cost benefits for plant operators; • the product is fire resistant and of relatively low toxicity; • cement is capable of immobilising a wide range of wastes ranging from solids to aqueous slurries; • cement provides desirable product properties. Desirable properties include: • suitable strength, • chemical control of radionuclide leading to enhanced retention, • good corrosion protection for steels, • low permeability, • tolerance to radiation, • durability over extended timescales, and • good radiation self-shielding properties. Several waste packaging plants are now operational in the UK using cement-based encapsulants. These are currently conditioning ILW for interim storage, in a manner suitable for future transport and compatible with the Nirex phased deep disposal concept. This paper will describe the development of cement-based encapsulants to meet the needs of UK radioactive wastes, and will provide examples of the supporting product quality data.

scholarly journals FEED PRODUCTION IN THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE: STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
Anatoly Shpakov ◽  
Anel Kutuzova ◽  
Dalhat Teberdiev ◽  
Valentina Volovik
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Zone State

The Non-Chernozem zone of Russia in terms of soil and climatic conditions and plant resources is the main region of specialization of commodity production of dairy and meat products of animal husbandry. The intensity and economic efficiency of the industry are closely related to the volume of production and quality of feed. The article analyzes the current state, substantiates the main parameters of feed production and measures for the development of promising feed production systems that ensure food security in the region. Soil and climate resources, scientific and practical experience allows us to produce basic types of food in the Non-Chernozem zone in full from the need. For the production of dairy and meat products of cattle, it will be necessary to produce about 77 million tons of feed units, including 40 million tons of bulk and 37 million tons of concentrated. To produce this amount of feed, it will be necessary to increase the sown area of forage crops to 11 million hectares, and increase their productivity to 2.5 t/ha of feed units. The most important factor in increasing the production of bulky feed is natural forage lands, cultural hayfields and pastures, which allow the use of feed at the lowest cost of material and technical resources and produce environmentally safe products.

scholarly journals Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

Evaluation of Import Substitution Potential of Products from Secondary Raw Materials of Animal Husbandry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Oxana DENISSOVA ◽  
Zhadyra KONURBAYEVA ◽  
Alfiya ZAKIMOVA ◽  
Madina RAKHIMBERDINOVA
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Step Algorithm ◽  
High Level

Animal husbandry is one of the main sectors of the country's economy, which can demonstrate significant results of import substitution shortly. In article dynamics of such relative indicators characterizing scales of industrial activity in the sphere of animal industries, as a share of the branch in the Kazakhstan economy and volumes of production of animal industries per capita of Kazakhstan is considered. For example, the average annual growth rate of this indicator is compared with countries with a high level of development of this industry. It was found out that the use of secondary raw materials of animal husbandry will promote the development of new industries and import substitution of both raw materials and finished products, which will attract innovative technologies in the agro-industrial complex. The article presents a step-by-step algorithm of research of the import-substituting potential of the industry, as well as its practical testing (by the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan). Volumes of production on branch "animal industries" are defined, connections of import dependence and the agrarian production made abroad are established.

CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF LEAD METABOLISM IN THE ORGANISM OF FARM ANIMALS WITH MULTI-CHAMBER STOMACH UNDER INTAKE WITH A RATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-327
Author(s):  
V.G. Epimakhov ◽  
◽  
E.B. Mirzoev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Lead Metabolism ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Lead Intake

A conceptual model of lead metabolism in the organism of farm animals with a multi-chamber stomach under intake with a ration is presented. The input parameters are determined by the daily intake of lead from the diet and the factors that modify this process. The model includes three compartments: 1) transport of lead in the gastrointestinal tract (rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small and thick intestine); 2) distribution and accumulation of lead in organs and tissues (liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, lungs, blood, mammary gland, skin, muscle and bone tissue); 3) removal of lead from the body (urine, feces, wool, milk, fetal). The paper discusses the use of the model to assess the parameters of the transition on the trophic chain «ration–animal–food», forecasting and determining the acceptable level of lead intake with feed in order to ensure the production of environmentally safe products in the conduct of animal husbandry in conditions of contamination of agricultural land.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Suburban Ecosystems of Industrial Centres and Ways of their Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Onistratenko ◽  
Elena Anatolievna Ivantsova ◽  
Andrey Alexandrovich Denysov ◽  
Denys Anatolyevich Solodovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTechnogenic contamination of ecosystems is one of the main dangers of our time. In order to reduce the harmful effects of this contamination and to provide cost-effective and environmentally safe food production methods, we are forced to look for ways of reliable analysis of the environmental situation, the selection systems of animal husbandry and regulations for the degree of impact of pollutants on the elements of the agroecosystem. This article presents the results of studies aimed at assessing the plight of the environment of a large industrial centre, and its anthropogenic impacts on every element of the suburban ecosystems. It presents data on maintenance and migration of anthropogenous pollutants in the trophic chains of pasturable ecosystems of the suburb of Volgograd. The authors have listed the industrial enterprises as the key sources of pollution. The features of the distribution of xenobiotics in the tissues and organs of calves and heifers of different breeds were analysed in the study. Conclusions were drawn on the accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in cattle, and the impact of this factor on the quality of production. A comparative assessment of the resistance of different breeds of cows to the action of toxicants in the environment of the Lower Volga region was carried out. Ways to decrease the impact of pollutants on the cattle organism have also been suggested. The article pays attention to the environmental pollution of the industrial centre, the influence of these processes on all elements of an ecosystem including humans, and offers ways to minimize the damage.

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