scholarly journals Personality Profile in Orthorexia Nervosa and Healthy Orthorexia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Roncero ◽  
Juan Ramón Barrada ◽  
Gemma García-Soriano ◽  
Verónica Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Personality Pattern ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits

Little is known about orthorexia in both its pathological (orthorexia nervosa, OrNe) and adaptive (healthy orthorexia, HeOr) forms. To date, few studies have been carried out to analyze the personality profile associated with orthorexia, and the results have been contradictory. The aim of the present study was to explore the characteristic pathological personality traits associated with OrNe and HeOr. A total of 297 participants (Mage = 30.8 years; 94.6% women) from the general population completed the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) and Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Short Form (PID-5-SF) questionnaires. Results showed significant low-medium correlations between OrNe and the four personality factors (Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism) (rs range [0.08, 0.36]). In the regression analysis, the predictors of OrNe were Neuroticism and, to a lesser extent, Psychoticism. For HeOr, the associations were lower (rs range [−0.13, 0.05]) and negative, except Psychoticism. Only the relationship with Disinhibition was statistically significant, although after controlling for OrNe, Negative Affectivity and Antagonism also became significant. In the regression analysis, the predictors of HeOr were Disinhibition (negative direction) and Psychoticism (positive direction). The findings show that OrNe is associated with a pathological personality pattern characterized by difficulty in regulating emotions and negative affect (Negative Affectivity), as well as eccentricity, feeling special, and holding beliefs outside the norm (Psychoticism). However, HeOr seems to be related to the tendency toward high responsibility, self-control, the ability to maintain the focus of attention (low Disinhibition), and Psychoticism. Future studies should confirm whether this combination is a key component underlying the development and maintenance of orthorexia.

scholarly journals Χαρακτηριστικά της προσωπικότητας της Ελληνίδας νηπιαγωγού βάσει του Ερωτηματολογίου των 16 Παραγόντων του Cattell

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Χριστίνα Ι. Ρούση - Βέργου ◽  
Μαρία Ζαφειροπούλου
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Low Self Control

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the personality characteristics of Greek female nursery school teachers, as there are no relevent available data. A Greek standardized version of the 16 Personality Factors (16-PF) was used. Participants were 118 nursery teachers. Comparisons with the general population were conducted with onesampleT-test SPSS command. Results showed that our sample differed considerably along all the personality variables. Nursery school teachers appear to be people oriented, anxious, dependent and introvert individuals with low self-control and adjustment skills, and also poor leading abilities. Their personality profile is stress prone. Possible implications are discussed.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

scholarly journals Impact of Rehabilitation Dose on Nutritional Status at Discharge from a Convalescent Rehabilitation Ward in Malnourished Patients with Hip Fracture

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Yusuke Ito ◽  
Hidetaka Wakabayashi ◽  
Shinta Nishioka ◽  
Shin Nomura ◽  
Ryo Momosaki
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Rehabilitation Ward ◽  
The Impact

The object of this study is to determine the impact of the rehabilitation dose on the nutritional status at discharge from a convalescent rehabilitation ward in malnourished patients with hip fracture. This retrospective case-control study involved malnourished patients with hip fracture aged 65 years or older who had been admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward and whose data were registered in the Japan Rehabilitation Nutrition Database. The primary outcome was nutritional status at discharge. Patients were classified according to whether nutritional status was improved or not at discharge, according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form® (MNA-SF) score. The association between improved nutritional status and rehabilitation dose was assessed by a logistic regression analysis. Data were available for 145 patients (27 men, 118 women; mean age 85.1 ± 7.9 years). Daily rehabilitation dose was 109.5 (median 94.6–116.2) min and the MNA-SF score at admission was 5 (median 4–6). Nutritional status was improved in 97 patients and not improved in 48. Logistic regression analysis showed the following factors to be independently associated with nutritional status at discharge: Functional Independence Measure score (OR 1.042, 95% CI 1.016–1.068), energy intake (OR 1.002 CI 1.000–1.004), daily rehabilitation dose (OR 1.023, 95% CI 1.002–1.045), and length of hospital stay (OR 1.026, 95% CI 1.003–1.049). The daily rehabilitation dose in malnourished patients with hip fracture may positively impact nutritional status at discharge.

scholarly journals Markers of disease severity and positive family history are associated to significant risk perception in rheumatoid arthritis, while compliance with therapy is not: a cross-sectional study in 415 Mexican outpatients

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irazú Contreras-Yáñez ◽  
Pilar Lavielle ◽  
Patricia Clark ◽  
Virginia Pascual-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Family History ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Significant Risk

Abstract Background Assessing risk perception (RP) helps explain how rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients integrate their ideas concerning the disease and how this understanding affects their self-care management. Compliance with treatment impacts disease-related outcomes and could be associated with RP to variable degrees and at different levels. The primary objective was to determine a potential association between RP and compliance with therapy in RA outpatients and to identify additional factors. The secondary objective was to identify factors associated with judgment bias such as unrealistic RP. Patients and methods Between January 2018 and June 2019, 450 consecutive outpatients who received RA-related treatment were invited to a face-to-face interview to obtain socio-demographic data, RA-related information, comorbidities, and the following outcomes: adherence, persistence, and concordance with medications assessed with a questionnaire locally designed; RP with the RP questionnaire (RPQ); disease activity with the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data-3 (RAPID-3); disability with the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI); quality of life with Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) instrument; pain and overall disease with the respective visual analogue scale (VAS); and health literacy assessed with 3 questions. Significant RP was defined according to a cut-off based on the 75th percentile value of the sample in which the RPQ was validated. Unrealistic RP was defined based on the coincidence of the presence/absence of significant RP and less/more than 7 unfavorable medical criteria. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used. Patients provided written informed consent and the study received Internal Review Board approval. Results There were 415 patients included, primarily middle-aged women with long-standing disease and moderate disease activity. Almost half of the patients were receiving corticosteroids and 15.9% intensive RA-related treatment. There were 44.1% of the patients concordant with treatment and 22.6% had significant RP. The patients’ treatment behavior was not retained in the regression analysis; meanwhile, rheumatoid nodes, surgical joint replacement, family history of RA, and higher RAPID-3 score were associated with significant RP. There were 56 patients with unrealistic RP; significant RP and more unfavorable medical criteria were associated with unrealistic RP. Conclusions Compliance with therapy was not associated with significant RP in RA outpatients.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF COPING STRATEGIES ON THE STUDENT’S WELL-BEING IN CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Alyona Vavilova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Dominant Strategies ◽  
High Level

The article is devoted to the study of student's coping strategies influence on the level of their subjective well-being in conditions of distance learning. It was found that student's coping strategies have an impact on the level of their psychological comfort. Using regression analysis it was revealed that the variability of student's life well-being is determined by the following coping strategies: positive self-esteem; responsibility; planning; escape and self-control. It was developed the typology of students in the conditions of distance education, which includes such indicators of dominant coping strategies: the level of psychological comfort, dominant coping and measure of stress tolerance. According to the certain typology, three types of students were defined: 1) adaptive type (high indicators of well-being, high indicators of tolerance to stress, dominant strategies “self-esteem”, “responsibility” and “planning” ); 2) maladaptive type (low indicators of well-being, low indicators of tolerance to stress, dominant coping “escape”); 3) average adaptive type (average indicators of well-being, average indicators of tolerance to stress; dominant strategies “responsibility”, “self-control”, low indicators of coping “positive self-esteem”). The results of the study indicate that students who are best adapted to distance learning and have a high level of psychological comfort tend to evaluate themselves positively, treat work responsibly, plan their studies and have an average level of self-control.

scholarly journals The Comorbidity of Psychopathy and Depression: Across Different Ethnic and Sex Groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Zlatko Šram
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Primary And Secondary Psychopathy

The aim of this research was to examine if comorbid relationships exist between psychopathy and depression in a community sample of different ethnic and sex groups. Based on some previous research, it was hypothesized that psychopathy and depression would be correlated and that secondary psychopathy would be the strongest predictor of depression regardless of different ethnic and sex belongings. The survey was carried out on the adult population in the region of Croatia populated by citizens of Croatian and Serbian minority ethnicity. The equalized convenience sample of 1100 participants, half of which were Croats and half of males. Pearson-product moment correlation coefficients were calculated as a measure of the strength and direction of linear relationships among primary and secondary and depression. In order to determine how well scores on depression could be predicted by primary and secondary psychopathy across different demographic groups, multiple regression analysis were used. It was found that both primary and secondary psychopathy were significantly correlated in a positive direction with depression in different ethnic and sex groups. However, secondary psychopathy was more correlated with depression across different ethnic and sex subsamples. The results of regression analysis revealed that secondary psychopathy was the strongest predictor of depression in all demographic subsamples. After age and school attainment were introduced into regression models, it was shown that a very small percentage of the variance is explained by the sociodemographic variables. The research suggested a significant role of secondary psychopathy in relation to a higher level of psychopathology.

scholarly journals Strenghts of Character of Personal Growth: Structure and Relations with the Big Five in the Brazilian Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Porto Noronha ◽  
Cristian Zanon
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Growth Structure ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract The structure of character strengths and virtues in different cultural contexts across the globe has failed to recover the six-factor solution originally proposed by Peterson and Seligman. This study aims to assess the structure of the Character Strengths Scale, a test created to assess character strengths and virtues and the association between these strengths and personality factors in the Brazilian context. The sample was made up of 981 undergraduate students (60.5% female) aged between 17 and 26 years (M = 20.7, SD = 2.2), who responded the Character Strengths Scale and Personality Factors Battery. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the three-factor solution was the most theoretically appropriate, identifying the following factors: Intellectual Strengths, Intrapersonal Strengths and Collectivism, and Transcendence. Regression analysis showed that three personality factors (conscientiousness, extraversion and neuroticism) are relevant predictors of these strengths, explaining a considerable amount of variance. The implications of the findings are presented, suggesting that high levels of neuroticism may impair the flourishing of strengths.

scholarly journals An analysis of the Attitude Towards Cyberbullying and Cyber Victimization Among the University Students of Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Vishaka S Suriyabandara
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Cyber Victimization ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
The University

Cyberbullying is a form of bullying that occurs through technological means, such as social networking, instantmessaging and through mails. It can be constant, and at other times may occur in isolated incidents, but despite thetimeline of progression, some scholars argue that the effects are almost always catastrophic (Kowalski, Limber, &Agatston, 2012). With the emergence of internet and sophisticated cyber technologies, real words bullies have beenapplied to cyberspaces by those who tend to be aggressive without being aware of the potential harm they cause toanother person. This has become an intriguing area for academics and practitioners. The present study aims atexplaining the attitude towards cyberbullying and cyber victimization among the university students in Sri Lank interms of their personality factors. A short form of Eysenck personality Questionnaire, Rank scale for cyberbullyingindexes were given for 113 university students. The frequency statistics and person correlation of coefficients werecarried out in analyzing data. The most important findings of the study is that, the attitude towards cyberbullying andcyber victimization was related to psychoticism and extraversion dimensions of personality. Regarding the cybervictimization levels, it was found that most of the participants were subjected to cyber victimization at least in oneoccasion in their life. Results indicate that Female participants were more likely to be subjected to cybervictimization than the males. Further, it was found that anonymous calls, creating fake profiles or web pages are themost popular methods used by university students for cyberbullying.

Positive and Negative Perfectionism and the Big Five Personality Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Egan ◽  
Jan P. Piek ◽  
Murray J. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Personality Pattern ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors

Perfectionism has been argued to have both positive and negative aspects. Negative perfectionism has a robust positive correlation with psychopathology. This study explored the personality pattern of a group of clinical participants and a group of athletes in relation to positive and negative perfectionism. The results indicated negative perfectionism is related to neuroticism and agreeableness in both clinical and non-clinical groups. Negative perfectionism was most strongly associated with low agreeableness but had no significant relationship with conscientiousness or extraversion in the clinical sample. In the athlete sample, higher negative perfectionism was most strongly related to higher neuroticism but was also associated with lower extraversion and conscientiousness. In order to more fully understand these relationships and their clinical implications, more studies using validated measures of positive and negative perfectionism with larger samples are required. It would be useful to determine if personality factors of agreeableness and competence could be increased in order to ameliorate the distress associated with negative perfectionism.

Silencing the Self and the Big Five: A Personological Profile of Silent Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tricia Witte ◽  
Martin F. Sherman ◽  
Laura Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors

This study examined the correlations between scores on Jack and Dill's 1992 Silencing the Self Scale and Costa and McCrae's 1985 Big Five personality factors among 146 female undergraduates. Analyses indicated the Silencing the Self scores were positively correlated with those on Neuroticism and negatively correlated with those on Openness, Extraversion, and Agreeableness. In addition, regression analysis indicated that Neuroticism and Openness scores showed the greatest contribution to Silencing the Self scores. These findings suggest the possible importance of studying personality traits in women who utilize the silencing the self schema in interpersonal contexts.

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