scholarly journals Sheep Methane Emission on Semiarid Native Pasture—Potential Impacts of Either Zinc Sulfate or Propylene Glycol as Mitigation Strategies

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Hélio Costa ◽  
Eloisa Saliba ◽  
Marco Bomfim ◽  
Ângela Maria Lana ◽  
Ana Luiza Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Sheep Grazing

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Zinc sulfate and propylene glycol (PG) on methane (CH4) emission, nutrient intake, digestibility, and production in sheep grazing on a native Caatinga (Brazilian semi-arid savannah) pasture during the rainy season (from March to June 2014). Fifteen mixed Santa Inês sheep, all non-castrated males, with initial body weight of 19.8 ± 1.64 kg, and 4 ± 0.35 months of age, were distributed in a complete randomized design into three treatments: control (CT)—concentrate supplemented at 0.7% of body weight; CT + 300 mg of Zn/day; and CT + 2.5 mL of propylene glycol/kg LW0.75/day. Measurements were done in four periods during the rainy season, with 28 days of interval between each measurement. CH4 emission was measured using the SF6 tracer gas technique. CH4 emission per day was greater in PG than in CT and Zn (p < 0.05). However, no additive effect was observed on the intakes of organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), or on CH4 emission expressed as a function of OM and NDF intakes (p > 0.05). Across the months of the trial, OM and NDF intakes were greater in March, while the greatest emission of CH4 (g/day and g by g/OM intake) was observed in May (p < 0.05). Total CH4 emission (kg) from March to June (112 days of evaluation) was greater in PG compared with CT and Zn (p < 0.05). Zinc and PG had no effect on total CH4 emission when it was expressed per unit of body weight gain or carcass production (p > 0.05). The results of this study indicate that Zinc sulfate and propylene glycol have no beneficial effects in mitigating sheep CH4 emission. The CH4 emissions originated from sheep grazing native Caatinga pasture change throughout the rainy season due to fluctuations in availability and quality of pasture biomass. Moreover, the inclusion of zinc sulfate or propylene glycol did not improve animal feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and animal performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Zinc Sulfate or Propylene Glycol on Intake, Digestibility, and Forage Selection by Grazing Sheep in a Semi-Arid Region During the Rainy Season

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 867
Author(s):  
Hélio Costa ◽  
Eloisa Saliba ◽  
Diego Galvani ◽  
Marco Bomfim ◽  
Ângela Maria Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this study was to determine intake, nutrient availability, and animal selection of major forage species in sheep supplemented with zinc sulfate or propylene glycol in Caatinga-native pastures during the rainy season. Twenty-four mixed Santa Inês sheep, all non-castrated males, with initial weight of 19.3 ± 2.52 kg and 4 ± 0.35 months of age, were distributed in a complete randomized design into three treatments: Control (CT)—concentrate supplemented at 0.7% of body weight; CT + 300 mg of Zn day−1; CT + 2.5 mL of propylene glycol/kg LW0.75·day−1. Measurements were done in four periods during the rainy season, with 28 days of interval between each measurement. Differences were observed in the composition of the ruminal extrusa samples from pastures for crude protein (CP) (192 to 131 g kg−1), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (537 to 441 g kg−1), and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) (468 to 359 g kg−1) in March and June, respectively. There was no effect for treatments, neither for the treatment x period interaction on organic matter (OM), CP, and fibrous fraction intake (p > 0.05). Organic matter intake (OMI) was, on average 23.9% greater in March compared to June. CP intake decreased monthly (p < 0.05). Fibrous fraction intake was greater in March (p < 0.05), with reductions of 34.8, 33.3, and 39.4% in June, respectively, for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and cellulose (CEL) fractions. There was no effect of treatments (p > 0.05) on selection of vegetal species present in the pasture. On the other hand, the proportion between ingested species changed over the experimental period. Greater intakes were found in April compared to May, except for Zizyphus joazeiro intake, which was greater in March (p < 0.05). In conclusion, based on the finding of this study, Zn and propylene glycol (PG) supplementation did not improve sheep nutrient intake when grazing Caatinga-native pasture in the rainy season. Caatinga-native pasture biomass has adequate protein and digestible organic matter levels during early rainy season. Over this period, however, the advanced maturity of the plants and the reduced availability of pasture may result in variations of intake by the animals. In the months of April to June, a reduced energy supply is caused by reduced nutritive values of pastures, which contributes to inefficient protein utilization and reduced feed intake.

scholarly journals Effects of Defatted Rice Bran Inclusion Level on Nutrient Digestibility and Growth Performance of Different Body Weight Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Bingbing Huang ◽  
Huangwei Shi ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Zhiqian Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defatted Rice Bran ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Stage 1

This study was conducted to determine the effects of low-protein diet prepared with different levels of defatted rice bran (DFRB) and weight stages on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing–finishing pigs. The animal experiment included three stages. A total of 240 growing pigs with an initial body weight of 28.06 ± 8.56 kg for stage 1 were allocated to five diets including one control group and four DFRB diets supplemented with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% DFRB, respectively. The 192 crossbred pigs with initial body weights of 55.03 ± 7.31 kg and 74.55 ± 9.10 kg were selected for stage 2 and stage 3, respectively. Pigs were allocated to four diets including one control group and three DFRB diets supplemented with 10%, 15% and 20% DFRB, respectively. The results showed that with the increase in DFEB intake, the gain: feed was linearly increased (p < 0.05), and the average daily feed intake tended to linearly decrease (p = 0.06) in stage 1. Except for the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of acid detergent fiber (ADF) in stage 3, levels of DFRB had significant effects on the ATTD of gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ADF in three weight stages. In stage 1, with the increase in levels of DFRB, the ATTD of NDF and hemicellulose were firstly increased and then decreased (p < 0.01). In stage 2, with the increasing levels of DFRB, the ATTD of DM, ash and cellulose were firstly increased and then decreased (p < 0.01). In stage 3, the ATTD of GE, DM, ash, NDF and hemicellulose decreased linearly with the increase in levels of DFRB (p < 0.01). Collectively, DFRB could be used as a replacement for corns and soybean meal, and weight stage is important to consider when adjusting the additive proportion.

scholarly journals Kecernaan Nutrien pada Babi Lokal Periode Pertumbuhan yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Biji Asam Biokonversi Spontan (NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY IN GROWING LOCAL PIG FED WITH DIET COMPOSED OF SPONTENOUS BIOCONVERTED-TAMARIND SEED)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Redempta Wea ◽  
I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan ◽  
Bernadete Barek Koten
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Tamarind Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

A research aimed to evaluate nutrients digestibility in growing local male pig fed spontaneous bioconverted-tamarind seed has been done in animal feed technology laboratory of Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic.The research used 25 local male grower pigs with body weight around 3-6 kg. The study used a randomized block design with five treatments, i.e. R0 = ration using tamarind seeds without bioconversion, R1 = ration using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 24 hours, R2 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 48 hours, R3 = rations using bioconversion tamarinds spontaneous for 72 hours, and R4 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 96 hours. Each treatment was repeated five times in which each of them used five pigs. Parameters observed were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash). The data were analyzed by using variance and continued by Duncan’s multiple range test to determine the differences between treatments. The results showed that the time of spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds increased the digestibility of tamarind seed nutrients and it was concluded that the best time of spontaneous bioconversion was for 72 hours.

scholarly journals Effects of including scrapes of residual dehydrated cassava in sheep feeding on intake and nutrient digestibility

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2407
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes da Costa ◽  
Lucas Da Silva Roberto ◽  
Ana Paula da Silva ◽  
Kallynka Samara Martins Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the inclusion of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% of scrapes residual dehydrated cassava (SRDC) in sheep feed on the intake and total digestibility coefficient (DC) of nutrients. We used four sheep with body weight (BW) of 26.0 kg, distributed in a Latin square design. The sheep were placed in metabolism cages and received two meals a day. The variables studied were subjected to analysis of variance and differences were tested using regression analysis at the 5% significance level. We determined that the inclusion of different concentrations of SRDC in sheep feeding did not modify (p &gt; 0.05) the intake of intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), or total carbohydrates (TC) expressed in g animal-1 day-1, g kg0.75-1 and %BW). On average 2.83%, 2.58%, 0.34%, 0.07%, 1.62%, 0.91%, and 2.24% of the BW were obtained for intake of DM, OM, CP, EE, NDF, ADF, and TC, respectively. However, the four experimental diets negatively affected the NFC intake and %BW (p &lt; 0.05). Different concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) of SRDC in sheep diets did not influence (p &gt; 0.05) the digestibility coefficient of most of the variables measured (DM, OM CP, EE, NDF, ADF, TCH, NFC, with average values of 67.79%, 67.61%, 53.87%, 81.42%, 55.61%, 39.07%, 70.95%, and 91.48%, respectively. Thus, we conclude that the inclusion of up to 30% of SRDC in sheep diets would not affect intake or nutrient digestibility

scholarly journals Soybean hulls as feed substitute of ground corn can increase the fiber digestibility and bacterial fibrolytic profile of grazing Nellore steers during the rainy season

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Josê Neto ◽  
Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo ◽  
Juliana Duarte Messana ◽  
Euclides Braga Malheiros ◽  
Ricardo Andrade Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Ground Corn

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacement of ground corn by soybean hulls associated or not to whole soybean grain in the feed supplement on intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen microbial population, and fermentation parameters of growing Nellore steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés during rainy season. Were used eight castrated Nellore steers (425 ± 36 kg of body weight (BW)) fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, allocated into 4 paddocks of 0.25 ha each, consisting of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and supplemented with: (1) ground corn combined with whole soybean grain (SG); (2) ground corn without SG; (3) soybean hulls (SH) combined with SG; and (4) SH without SG. Supplement intake was no affected by SG or SH (mean 2.12 kg-1 d, P > 0.05). There were no interactions between SH and SG on DM and nutrients intake (P > 0.05). The addition of SG reduced the dry matter (DM) intake expressed as % of BW and Kg-1 d, as well forage DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (aNDF), and gross energy (GE) intake (P ? 0.01). Animals supplemented with SH without SG had greater digestibility of DM (74.52), OM (77.62), CP (77.51), NDF (71.93) and GE (72.90) than animals supplemented with SH with SG (DM =69.01, OM = 71.92, CP = 72.81, NDF = 66.01, GE =68.01) expressed as % (P ? 0.01). The addition of SG in the supplements declined the ruminal pH and NH3-N (P=0.02). Animals supplemented without SH without SG showed greater Entodinium counts (6.01 n x 104 ml-1, P=0.04), and SG supplementation decreased the numbers of Dasytricha, Isotricha, and ruminal total protozoa (P < 0.01). The abundance of Ruminococcus albus, R. flavefaciens, and Archaeas were higher for SH without SG supplement. Additionally, animals supplemented with SG had lower numbers of Fibrobacter succinogenes. The use of soybean hulls without whole soybean grain in the supplement may be effective to increase fiber digestibility, N retained, R. albus and R. flavefaciens in the rumen of Nellore steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés during the rainy season.

scholarly journals Milk Potential of Pantaneira Cows, a Local Breed, at Organic System

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Willian Biazolli ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Morais de Oliveira ◽  
Dirce Ferreira Luz ◽  
Leonardo de Oliveira Seno ◽  
Alysson Martins Wanderley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Organic Systems

Pantaneiro cattle (Bos taurus taurus) is a breed locally adapted to the Brazilian Pantanal. Local breeds are essential for the quality production of organic systems based on planned grazing practices, because of their results in resilient and productive ecosystems, enhancing biodiversity. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Pantaneira primiparous cows, and systems with reduced use of concentrate, simulating organic production conditions. Five animals, with an average body weight of 396.2 ± 43.5 kg, were kept in individual continuous grazing regimes and supplemented with different concentrate levels (1.2%, 0.9%, 0.6%, 0.3%, and 0.0% of body weight). The animals were allocated at random in a 5 × 5 Latin square design repeated twice during the study time. The cows had a low dry matter and nutrient intake with a reduction in concentrate level, with improvement in neutral detergent fiber digestibility and a reduction in total nutrient digestibility. No changes were observed in plasma glucose levels or urea excretion, but the plasma urea nitrogen decreased with reductions in concentrate levels. There was a reduction in milk yield, but the energy-corrected milk was not affected by the reduction in concentrate levels; furthermore, the milk yield efficiency was not affected. The milk fat content improved with the reduction in concentrate levels. The Pantaneira breed has the genetic potential for the maintenance of competitive production and quality in organic systems.

scholarly journals Effects of supplementation strategies for beef cattle in tropical grassland conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e15996384
Author(s):  
Venício Macêdo Carvalho ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Túlio Otávio Jardim D`´Almeida Lins ◽  
Mateus de Melo Lisboa ◽  
Maria Magna Silva Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum

This study was realized to evaluate the dry matter intake, nutrient digestibilities, and animal performance of crossbred steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, during the rainy season. Thirty-three crossbred steers with an average weight of 203.5 ± 39.5 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and eleven replications. The results were analyzed using an ANOVA and a Tukey test with a 5% probability of error. The three experimental diets were: MSA – mineral salt ad libitum; MSU - mineral salt + urea ad libitum and PSU - protein supplementation (0.1% of body weight). The dry matter intake of forage and total dry matter intake were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total carbohydrates digestibilitities coefficients were influenced (P < 0.05) by treatments. The final body weight, average daily gain, and feed efficiency were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The supplementation strategies used during the rainy season resulted in a similar performance; therefore, the strategy adopted could be chosen according to the economical and regional conditions of the production.

scholarly journals Exogenous application of gibberellic acid and selenium to endorse quality and yield of fodder maize under rainfed conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-305
Author(s):  
Asma Hassan ◽  
Lubna Ayub Durrani
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops

Good quality and economical availability of fodder could be a substitute for crop production in the farming system of dryland areas. In Pakistan, the increasing demands of fodder crops for animal feed require immediate attention to find viable options for fodder production. Additionally, climate change, land detritions, and imbalanced use of chemicals led to an agro-ecological imbalance which needs to focus on mitigation strategies and practices. Therefore, the experiment was conducted three different rainfed areas of Punjab with aims to increase fodder maize quality by application of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Selenium (Se) to overcome the forage scarcity issue in rainfed areas. The highest fresh biomass and leaf area were recorded by the application of GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50 at 60 DAS. Similarly, the data about the silage quality traits indicated that more total dry matter (TDM), TDN, Crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), Crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash contents (AC) were recorded in Afgoi compared to Sohni Dhart 623. Among the experimental locations, the highest TDM, TDN, NDF, ADF and AC were found for the crop planted at NARC followed by URF, Koont and the least values of these traits were recorded for GRS, Attock. Among the different combinations of growth regulators, the highest TDM, TDN, CF, CP and NDF were recorded for GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50. The above findings conclude that exogenously application of GA75+Se0.75 plays a promising role in the improvement of fodder growth and quality parameters of silage in Afgoi verity at different water stress agro-ecological zones.

scholarly journals Supplementation levels for growing beef cattle grazing in the dry-rainy transition season

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 904-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.L. Sales ◽  
M.F. Paulino ◽  
S.C. Valadares Filho ◽  
D.M. Figueiredo ◽  
M.O. Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Transition Season ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of supplementation on the performance, intake, digestibility, pH and rumen ammonia concentration in growing bulls grazing Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. pasture, during the dry-rainy transition season. For evaluation of performance, intake and digestibility, it was used 25 non-castrated steers at 11 months of age and initial average body weight of 270 kg, grouped in five plots of five animals each, following a completely randomized design. Each plot received one of the following feeding treatments: mineral mixture and supplement at the proportion of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg/animal/day, corresponding to 0.18, 0.36, 0.54 and 0.72% of the average body weight of the animals. The area designated for the animals was constituted of five 2.0-ha paddocks. For the evaluation of the pH and rumen ammonia concentration, five crossbred non-castrated steers were used, with average body weight of 240 kg, fistulated in the esophagus, rumen and abomasum, disposed in a 5 × 5 Latin square, with five treatments and five experimental periods. Animal performance behaved in a positive linear manner according to the supplementation levels, responding with an increase of more than 80% on weight gains of the animals. Intakes of total and pasture dry matter (DM), organic matter and neutral detergent fiber were not influenced by supplementation. Intakes of crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates, ether extract and total digestible nutrients as well as nutrient digestibility and rumen ammonia concentration showed a positive linear pattern in response to supplementation levels. Increasing levels of concentrate supplementation influence positively the performance of bulls growing on pastures during the dry-rainy transition season.

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document