scholarly journals Adoption of Precision Technologies by Brazilian Dairy Farms: The Farmer’s Perception

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Rebeca Silvi ◽  
Luiz Gustavo R. Pereira ◽  
Claudio Antônio V. Paiva ◽  
Thierry R. Tomich ◽  
Vanessa A. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Decision Criterion ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
User Friendliness

The use of precision farming technologies, such as milking robots, automated calf feeders, wearable sensors, and others, has significantly increased in dairy operations over the last few years. The growing interest in farming technologies to reduce labor, maximize productivity, and increase profitability is becoming noticeable in several countries, including Brazil. Information regarding technology adoption, perception, and effectiveness in dairy farms could shed light on challenges that need to be addressed by scientific research and extension programs. The objective of this study was to characterize Brazilian dairy farms based on technology usage. Factors such as willingness to invest in precision technologies, adoption of sensor systems, farmer profile, farm characteristics, and production indexes were investigated in 378 dairy farms located in Brazil. A survey with 22 questions was developed and distributed via Google Forms from July 2018 to July 2020. The farms were then classified into seven clusters: (1) top yield farms; (2) medium–high yield, medium-tech; (3) medium yield and top high-tech; (4) medium yield and medium-tech; (5) young medium–low yield and low-tech; (6) elderly medium–low yield and low-tech; and (7) low-tech grazing. The most frequent technologies adopted by producers were milk meters systems (31.7%), milking parlor smart gate (14.5%), sensor systems to detect mastitis (8.4%), cow activity meter (7.1%), and body temperature (7.9%). Based on a scale containing numerical values (1–5), producers indicated “available technical support” (mean; σ2) (4.55; 0.80) as the most important decision criterion involved in adopting technology, followed by “return on investment—ROI” (4.48; 0.80), “user-friendliness” (4.39; 0.88), “upfront investment cost” (4.36; 0.81), and “compatibility with farm management software” (4.2; 1.02). The most important factors precluding investment in precision dairy technologies were the need for investment in other sectors of the farm (36%), the uncertainty of ROI (24%), and lack of integration with other farm systems and software (11%). Farmers indicated that the most useful technologies were automatic milk meters systems (mean; σ2) (4.05; 1.66), sensor systems for mastitis detection (4.00; 1.57), automatic feeding systems (3.50; 2.05), cow activity meter (3.45; 1.95), and in-line milk analyzers (3.45; 1.95). Overall, the concerns related to data integration, ROI, and user-friendliness of technologies are similar to those of dairy farms located in other countries. Increasing available technical support for sensing technology can have a positive impact on technology adoption.

Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Olesya Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

Job Satisfaction as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Performance Appraisal and Voice Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1315-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Bei Hu ◽  
Min Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

We explored the mediating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship between employees' performance appraisal and their voice behavior. A questionnaire was administered to 864 employees at enterprises representing high-tech industrial clusters from 5 cities in China. Developmental performance appraisal was found to have a more positive influence on employees' voice behavior than evaluative performance appraisal did. Compared with prohibitive voice behavior, both developmental and evaluative types of performance appraisal had a more positive impact on promotive voice behavior, and job satisfaction was found to play a mediating role in the relationship between these variables.

State of technical support for vegetable crops production in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
А.Г. Аксенов ◽  
А.В. Сибирев
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Current State ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
The Russian Federation

Степень технологической и технической зависимости отечественных производителей овощных культур от зарубежных производителей с.-х. техники, а также их техническая оснащенность специализированными машинами объясняется высокими затратами на производство овощей, особенно на уборку, что при общем дефиците ручного труда приводит к сокращению площадей, нарушению технологии выращивания и соответственно снижению урожайности. Цель исследований – определить современное состояние технологического и технического обеспечения производства овощных культур в Российской Федерации. Для достижения поставленной цели использовали методологию системного анализа и синтеза, математической статистики, численные методы решения аналитических зависимостей. Статистические исследования современного состояния технического обеспечения производства овощей в России могут служить основой для построения модели и разработки концептуальных принципов модернизации технологического и технического обеспечения работ в овощеводстве. Определена потребность товаропроизводителей в современных высокотехнологичных комплексах машин для производства овощных культур. Проведенные статистические исследования позволили оценить современное состояние с.-х. машиностроения по выпуску необходимого для товаропроизводителей количества машин. Повышение объемов производства овощной продукции неразрывно коррелирует с уровнем технического обеспечения отрасли овощеводства в целом, что подтверждает уровень локализации с.-х. машиностроения РФ, а также Беларуси и Казахстана, где с.-х. машиностроение представлено широкой номенклатурой предприятий, выпускающих комплексы машин от предпосадочной обработки почвы до послеуборочной обработки товарной продукции. Для возрождения с.-х. машиностроения и развития рынка средств механизации аграрного производства определены основные механизмы обновления парка сельхозтехники – преимущественно привлечением кредитных ресурсов коммерческих банков и лизинговых компаний. Кроме того, интенсивность ведения сельского хозяйства в современных условиях производства невозможна без высокого уровня насыщения машинно-технологических комплексов средствами интеллектуализации. Получать качественную конкурентоспособную продукцию можно только при использовании современных высокопроизводительных машин, обеспечивающих совмещение технологических операций, в конструкциях которых заложены системы автоматизированного управления технологическими процессами, учета почвенного плодородия, обеспечения экологической чистоты агроландшафтов. The degree of technological and technical dependence of domestic producers of vegetable crops on foreign producers of agricultural machinery, as well as their technical equipment with specialized machines, is explained by the high costs of vegetable production, especially for harvesting, which, with a general shortage of manual labor, leads to a reduction in area, disruption of cultivation technology and, accordingly, a decrease in yield. The purpose of the research is to determine the current state of technological and technical support for the production of vegetable crops in the Russian Federation. To achieve this purpose, we used the methodology of system analysis and synthesis, mathematical statistics, numerical methods for solving analytical dependencies. Statistical studies of the current state of technical support for vegetable production in Russia can serve as a basis for building a model and developing conceptual principles for modernizing technological and technical support for work in vegetable growing. The need of commodity producers for modern high-tech complexes of machines for the production of vegetable crops is determined. The conducted statistical studies made it possible to assess the current state of agricultural engineering for the production of the number of machines necessary for commodity producers. The increase in the production of vegetable products is inextricably correlated with the level of technical support for the vegetable growing industry as a whole, which confirms the level of localization of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation, as well as in Belarus and Kazakhstan, where agricultural machinery is represented by a wide range of enterprises that produce complexes of machines from pre-planting tillage to post-harvest processing of commercial products. For the revival of agricultural machinery and the development of the market of agricultural production mechanization tools, the main mechanisms for updating the agricultural machinery fleet are determined-mainly by attracting credit resources from commercial banks and leasing companies. In addition, the intensity of agriculture in modern production conditions is impossible without a high level of saturation of machine-technological complexes with means of intellectualization. It is possible to obtain high-quality competitive products only with the use of modern high-performance machines that ensure the combination of technological operations, in the designs of which there are systems for automated control of technological processes, accounting for soil fertility, ensuring environmental cleanliness of agricultural landscapes. Key words: vegetable growing, vegetable seeders, transplanters, vegetable harvesting equipment.

scholarly journals The Effects of rural income project on silk exports and livelihood of smallholder producers in Gatsibo District, Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cocoon Production ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smallholder Producers

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $ 227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.

scholarly journals Accurate fabrication of aligned nanofibers via a double-nozzle near-field electrospinning

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2143-2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojie Xu ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Zhifeng Wang ◽  
Jiarong Zhang ◽  
Rouxi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Aligned Nanofibers ◽  
Aligned Fibers ◽  
Key Factor

The near-field electrospinning is considered as one of the most effective techniques to direct-write aligned fibers which can be applied to various high-tech areas, including energy harvester, tissue engineering, and wearable sensors. For large area aligned pattern printing, the multi-nozzle electrohydrodynamic print-ing is an efficient method to enhance productivity. As a branch of electrohydro-dynamic printing technology, the near-field electrospinning is a crucial concern to make an investigation for the formation of aligned nanofibers. Here we fabricated various nanostructures from beaded fibers to aligned fibers and crimped fibers by the double-nozzle near-field electrospinning process. We found three key parameters affecting the process, including the collector speed, the applied voltage, and the electrode-to-collector distance, and the collector speed is the key factor affecting the crimped frequency. This paper provides a reliable experi-mental basis and theoretical guidance for the multi-nozzle near-field electrospin-ning to accurately direct-write microfibers and nanofibers.

scholarly journals The Effects of rural income project on silk exports and livelihood of smallholder producers in Gatsibo District, Rwanda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cocoon Production ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smallholder Producers

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.

scholarly journals Threshold Effect of High-Tech Industrial Scale on Green Development—Evidence from Yangtze River Economic Belt

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
Xinjian Huang ◽  
Weiliang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Green Development

Based on the panel data of 11 regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 1998 to 2016, we tested and analyzed the effects of high-tech industrial expansion on green development. For these regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, we wanted to investigate the potential linear relationship between the scale of high-tech industry and green development or the possible threshold effect. We wanted to determine if this relationship is different in various regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. According to the empirical test, we found that: (1) for the entire Yangtze River Economic Belt region, the influence of high-tech industrial scale on green development doubled the threshold effect, and a marginal efficiency diminishing effect existed with the further increase in scale; (2) due to the differences among the regions, the threshold effect was different in different regions, with a double threshold effect in the lower reaches, a single threshold effect in the middle reaches, and no threshold effect in the upper reaches; and (3) regarding the high-tech industrial scale, the downstream areas were too large to weaken its promoting effect on green development. In the middle reaches, the positive impact on green development was still increasing, and the high-tech industrial scale should be further expanded. However, in the upstream areas, high-tech industrial scales did not reach the threshold value and the relationship between the high-tech industrial scale and green development was linear. Therefore, local high-tech industries should be cultivated and developed.

The relationship between network capabilities and innovation performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 1638-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Fang ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Xiaoguang Qi
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complementary Assets ◽  
Contingent Approach ◽  
Network Capability ◽  
New Evidence

Purpose Innovation networks provide an efficient mechanism for organizations to realize their potential for knowledge learning and innovation improvement. Firms situated within innovation networks require specific abilities to acquire the knowledge and the complementary assets that facilitate their innovation performance. Motivated by recent research studies in the area of social network and RBV, the purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the precise manner in which network capability affects a firm’s innovation performance. Design/methodology/approach Based on the data obtained from Chinese high-tech firms, the hypotheses are tested by using hierarchical multiple regressions. Findings This study identifies two types of network capabilities: network structural capability and network relational capability. The findings suggest that network structural capability has a greater positive impact on innovation performance than network relational capability does within an exploration-orientated network. However, network relational capability is more positively associated with innovation performance within an exploitation-orientated network. Practical implications A firm can enhance the value of its ego network by shaping and adjusting network configurations, rather than by passively reaping the benefits from existing relationships or ties with partners. Originality/value This paper contributes to strategic management theory and social network theory by illustrating how a networked firm can enable network value and appropriate this value according to its strategic purposes and by suggesting that a firm can improve its ego network’s value through exerting its network capabilities to shape and adjust network configurations. This paper also advances the contingent approach within social network research by offering a new complementary perspective and new evidence from a Chinese context.

scholarly journals An Estimate of the Effects from Precision Livestock Farming on a Productivity Index at Farm Level. Some Evidences from a Dairy Farms’ Sample of Lombardy

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Felicetta Carillo ◽  
Fabio Abeni
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Individual Heterogeneity ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Precision Livestock Farming

This paper aimed at verifying if and to what extent the use of information technologies for dairy farming positively affects productivity of farmed herd. To do this we estimated the effects of precision farming on a productivity index at herd level, utilizing individual farms data of about 500 livestock farms. Farms are specialized in bovine milk production and are localized in Lombardy, that is one of the most important areas of Italian dairy farming. Using a two-stage treatment regression model, to solve the selection bias due to both observed and un-observed individual heterogeneity in the technology adoption, the study found a positive relationship between adopter status and the proxy of herd productivity.

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