scholarly journals Use of Membrane Technologies in Dairy Industry: An Overview

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2768
Author(s):  
Mònica Reig ◽  
Xanel Vecino ◽  
José Luis Cortina
Keyword(s):  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Membrane Technologies ◽  
Industrial Solutions ◽  
Traditional Processing

The use of treatments of segregated process streams as a water source, as well as technical fluid reuse as a source of value-added recovery products, is an emerging direction of resource recovery in several applications. Apart from the desired final product obtained in agro-food industries, one of the challenges is the recovery or separation of intermediate and/or secondary metabolites with high-added-value compounds (e.g., whey protein). In this way, processes based on membranes, such as microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), could be integrated to treat these agro-industrial streams, such as milk and cheese whey. Therefore, the industrial application of membrane technologies in some processing stages could be a solution, replacing traditional processes or adding them into existing treatments. Therefore, greater efficiency, yield enhancement, energy or capital expenditure reduction or even an increase in sustainability by producing less waste, as well as by-product recovery and valorization opportunities, could be possible, in line with industrial symbiosis and circular economy principles. The maturity of membrane technologies in the dairy industry was analyzed for the possible integration options of membrane processes in their filtration treatment. The reported studies and developments showed a wide window of possible applications for membrane technologies in dairy industry treatments. Therefore, the integration of membrane processes into traditional processing schemes is presented in this work. Overall, it could be highlighted that membrane providers and agro-industries will continue with a gradual implementation of membrane technology integration in the production processes, referring to the progress reported on both the scientific literature and industrial solutions commercialized.

Implementasi Analisis Proses Bisnis Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Biaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Aniek Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
The Cost

Business Process Analysis can be used to eliminate or reduce a waste cost caused by non value added activities that exist in a process. This research aims at evaluating activities carried out in the natural material procurement process in the PT XYZ, calculating the effectiveness of the process cycle, finding a way to improve the process management, and calculating the cost reduction that can achieved by activity management. A case study was the approach of this research. The researcher obtained research data throughout deep interviews with the staff who directly involved in the process, observation, and documentation of natural material procurement. The result of this study show that the effectiveness of the process cycle of natural material procurement in the factory reached as much as 87,1% for the sand material and 72% for the crushed stone. This indicates that the process still carry activities with no added value and still contain ineffective costs. Through the Business Process Mechanism, these non value added activities can be managed so that the process cycle becomes more efficient and cost effectiveness is achieved. The result of the effective cycle calculation after the management activities implementation is 100%. This means that the cost of natural material procurement process has become effective. The result of calculation of the estimated cost reduction as a result of management activity is as much as Rp249.026.635,90 per year.

KOMPARASI KINERJA KEUANGAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED (EVA) PADA PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI DI JAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Dwi Urip Wardoyo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
Income Statement

This study aims to compare financial performance through profitability generated by two market participants in the witness transportation service industry in Jakarta, namely PT. BB compared to PT. ETU, this assessment is measured not limited to the profit generated but more than that by measuring financial added value through the concept of Eonomic Value Added produced by the two companies. The population in this study were all taxi transportation service companies in Jakarta. The sampling method selected two taxi companies that have the largest market share in DKI Jakarta, namely BB Taxi and ETU Taxi. The test analysis used in this study is ratio analysis through profit calculation and economic added value from the annual income statement. This study shows that there are (a) determination of the ratio of profit levels, (b) Determination of the comparison of economic value added of the two companies. Keywords :  Financial performance, Economic Value Added (EVA)

scholarly journals Upgrading pyrolytic residue from waste tires to commercial carbon black

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Hengxiang Li ◽  
Qing Cao ◽  
Li’e Jin ◽  
Fumeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Commercial Carbon

The managing and recycling of waste tires has become a worldwide environmental challenge. Among the different disposal methods for waste tires, pyrolysis is regarded as a promising route. How to effectively enhance the added value of pyrolytic residue (PR) from waste tires is a matter of great concern. In this study, the PRs were treated with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids in turn under ultrasonic waves. The removal efficiency for the ash and sulfur was investigated. The pyrolytic carbon black (PCB) obtained after treating PR with acids was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, laser Raman spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and physisorption apparatus. The properties of PCB were compared with those of commercial carbon black (CCB) N326 and N339. Results showed PRs from waste tires were mainly composed of carbon, sulfur, and ash. The carbon in PCB was mainly from the CCB added during tire manufacture rather than from the pyrolysis of pure rubbers. The removal percentages for the ash and sulfur of PR are 98.33% (from 13.98 wt % down to 0.24 wt %) and 70.16% (from 1.81 wt % down to 0.54 wt %), respectively, in the entire process. The ash was mainly composed of metal oxides, sulfides, and silica. The surface properties, porosity, and morphology of the PCB were all close to those of N326. Therefore, PCB will be a potential alternative of N326 and reused in tire manufacture. This route successfully upgrades PR from waste tires to the high value-added CCB and greatly increases the overall efficiency of the waste tire pyrolysis industry.

scholarly journals Calculating Value Added of Prostitution with Multiple Data: A New Approach for Belgium

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stef Adriaenssens ◽  
Jef Hendrickx
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Starting Point

Economic output implies that underground sectors such as prostitution are taken into account. This article presents an innovative methodology to measure turnover and added value in prostitution based on a combination of observational and Internet data. The method is applied to Belgium. Turnover is broken down in transactions and price per segment. The starting point is an observation-based measure of turnover in one locational and visible segment of the market: window prostitution. Fundamental differences between segments make linear generalizations from one segment invalid. Therefore, we estimate the relative size of transactions in other segments (such as brothels or escort) with Internet data. In combination with measures of average price per transaction, a consolidated estimate of turnover in prostitution in Belgium is measured. Estimates of nonresident production are based on data on sex workers’ country of origin. Several bootstrap replications allow for robustness checks of the delta-based standard errors.

NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN KANGKUNG HIDROPONIK MENJADI KANGKUNG RENDANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Indrawaty Sitepu ◽  
Nurmely Violeta Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chicken Eggs

Kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang merupakan kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah, menghasilkan produk yang dapat dikonsumsi, serta menambah pendapatan dan keuntungan produsen.Tujuan penelitian untuk menguraikan apa saja tahapan pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangukung rendang, menganalisis biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan pendapatan, menganalisis nilai tambah pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang, menganalisis apakah usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak diusahakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jalan Bromo lorong Amal Medan Denai Kota Medan. Penentuan daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive, Metode pengambilan sampel secara sensus yaitu usaha Syifa Hidroponik dengan pengambilan data ulangan selama 2,5 bualan sebanyak 10 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian: 1) Tahapan  pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang yaitu:  Penyediaan bahan baku kangkung hidroponik, kangkung dihaluskan, pengadonan kangkung, telur ayam, tepung beras dan garam, kangkung dikukus, kangkung didinginkan, dipotong-potong, digoreng, pemasakan bumbu rendang, pencampuran kangkung yang digoreng dengan bumbu rendang dan pemasaran. Total biaya pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang untuk sekali produksi sebesar Rp 545.291,83, penerimaan sebesar Rp 1.500.000,00, per sekali produksi dan pendapatan sebesar Rp 954.708,17 per sekali produksi. Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang tergolong tinggi dengan rasio nilai tambah 75,31% > 50%.Usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak untuk diusahakan dengan nilai R/C rasio 2,75 > 1.  Abstract  Hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is an activity that can increase added value, produce edible products, as well as increase producer income and profits. The purpose of the research is to describe what are the stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang kangukung, analyze production costs, revenue, and income, analyze added value of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, analyzing whether the business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is worth the effort. This research was conducted in Jalan Bromo Amal Medan Denai alley Medan City. Determination of the study area was done purposively, census sampling method that is Syifa Hydroponic business with retrieval data retrieval for 2.5 boasting as many as 10 replications. The results of the study: 1) The stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, namely: Provision of raw materials for hydroponic water spinach, crushed water spinach, stirring water spinach, chicken eggs, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach water spinach, cut into pieces, fried, fried spicy water spinach, cooking water spinach kale, chicken egg, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach kangkung cooled, cut, fried, cooking spices, rendang, mixing fried kale with spicy rendang and marketing. The total cost of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach for one production is Rp. 545,291.83, revenue is Rp. 1,500,000.00, per production and income is Rp. 954,708.17 per production. The added value generated from the processing of hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is classified as high with a value added ratio of 75.31%> 50%. The business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is feasible to be cultivated with an R / C ratio of 2.75> 1.  

Public Research Support for an Innovative Integrated Payment Model of Service Delivery

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bracaglia ◽  
Giulia Monetta ◽  
William Vanobberghen
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Operational Program ◽  
Entrepreneurial Innovation ◽  
Card Payment ◽  
Future Business

AbstractThis paper introduces an entrepreneurial innovation supported by public research. TITAN is an R&D project funded by European Structural Funds with the National Operational Program for “Research and Competitiveness” 2007–2013 (NOP for R&C). General purpose of TITAN project is to achieve a multi-application and multi-channel platform to manage value-added services (VAS) and e-payments. From the EPAS protocols perspective of standardizing the electronic payment, VAS data management will be included in the current financial messages (CAPE – ISO 20022). In order to improve the process of card payment transactions through the delivery of new VAS was born the cooperation between EPASOrg and TITAN’s team. This cooperation would facilitate the examination and submission to ISO 20022 of data components related to the provision of added-value services meeting the requirements of those new contactless applications developed in the framework of the project. This is the principal and most entrepreneurial innovation concentrated on the integration of payment and VAS that draws attention to a new model delivering the VAS on a multi-application device used by both payment and VAS, during the same payment transaction. The latter result has led a Change Request to ISO in order to allow the extension to the VAS on the standard ISO 20022 related to card payment. The innovative model proposed is validated through a sample scenario and, finally, the conclusions summarize the next steps and underlines possible implications for future business and technological developments.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction to Value Added Products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Amin Farkhondehfal ◽  
Juqin Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Global Climate Changes

The CO2 that comes from the use of fossil fuels accounts for about 65% of the global greenhouse gas emission, and it plays a critical role in global climate changes. Among the different strategies that have been considered to address the storage and reutilization of CO2, the transformation of CO2 into chemicals and fuels with a high added-value has been considered a winning approach. This transformation is able to reduce the carbon emission and induce a “fuel switching” that exploits renewable energy sources. The aim of this chapter is to categorize different heterogeneous electrocatalysts which are being used for CO2 reduction, based on the desired products of the above mentioned reactions: from formic acid and carbon monoxide to methanol and ethanol and other possible by products. Moreover, a brief description of the kinetic and mechanism of the CO2 reduction reaction) and pathways toward different products have been discussed.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF EXTERNAL DOORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Karolina CZERWIŃSKA ◽  
Michalene Eva GREBSKI
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Lean Management ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Process Implementation ◽  
Management Concept ◽  
Implementation Time ◽  
Corrective Actions ◽  
And Storage

The study aimed to conduct a cost-value analysis of the production process of a newly introduced batch of external doors in the context of value-added creation and to identify redundant processes that do not create added value and for which appropriate corrective actions could contribute to their elimination. The result of applying improvement actions following the lean management concept was the optimization time nationalized analyzed by eliminating, among others, operations related to unnecessary transport and storage of products. In addition, the optimization production process impacted both shortening the process implementation time and reducing the costs of its implementation. Further activities will be related to the use of the presented methodology to analyze the processes implemented in the company in order to increase their efficiency.

scholarly journals Agroindustrial Study of Banana Crackers and Salai Based on Income, Value Added and Break Even Point

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Lukman Hidayat ◽  
Hidayat Koto ◽  
Odi Andanu
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Break Even Point

The aim of this research was to analyze and calculates the income, added-value, and break even point of agroindustry that processing bananas into banana crackers and salai. Methods of data collection in this research were using observation and interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, qualitative and quantitative, for the value-added, income, Break Even Point (BEP) and Revenue Cost ratio (R/C). The results shown that the average of value added per kilograms for Salai Rp. 4.371,37, sweet and salted banana crackers   are Rp 2.944,00 and Rp 3.627,90. The income of salai, sweet and salted banana crackers per year’s are Rp. 29.566.251,-, Rp. 18.437.067, 96,- and Rp. 20.286.567,-.  The average of BEP per month’s for salai is salai Rp. 1.415.636, sweet and salted banana crackers are Rp. 988.966, and Rp.781.352. The Average of BEP, units or packs per month’s for salai is 145 packs, sweet banana crackers were 124 packs and salted were 98 packs. R/C of Salai was 1.66, sweet banana crackers were 1.49 and salted was 1.71. Added-value of banana Salai Rp. 743, 47 more than salted banana crackers, amounted to 1.471,37 compared to sweet banana crackers. Banana salai income greater Rp. 9.279.684 than salted banana crackers, amounting to Rp. 11.129.183 compared to sweet banana crackers.Keywords: Value Added, Income, Banana crackers, Salai, Break Even Point

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document