scholarly journals Effects of Yeast Product Addition and Fermentation Temperature on Lipid Composition, Taste and Mouthfeel Characteristics of Pinot Noir Wine

Horticulturae ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Quynh Phan ◽  
Aubrey DuBois ◽  
James Osborne ◽  
Elizabeth Tomasino
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Fermentation Temperature ◽  
Yeast Product

Lipids have important impacts on wine sensory. By targeting the lipid sources in wine, mainly from grape tissues and yeast cell walls, it was possible to alter the wine lipid profile thus potentially changing the final product quality. This research examined the changes of wine total lipids, lipid composition and sensory characteristics of Pinot noir wines in response to the winemaking factors, fermentation temperature and yeast product addition. Pinot noir grapes were fermented at 16 °C and 27 °C. After fermentation, Oenolees® yeast product was added to the wines at three levels (0 g/L, 0.5 g/L and 1.0 g/L). The six wine treatments were subjected to chemical analyses measuring total lipids and an untargeted lipidomic approach analyzing lipid composition. High temperature fermentation wines had significantly higher total lipid content. Random forest analysis distinguished the wine groups based on the 25 main lipids, including free fatty acids, acylcarnitines, diglycerides, triglycerides and phospholipids. Taste and mouthfeel characteristics of each treatment were assessed using descriptive analysis and check-all-that-apply (CATA) techniques. Multivariate analyses showed that changing fermentation temperature significantly impacted sweetness and drying perception in Pinot noir wines. Yeast product addition had nuanced effects on wine lipid profiles and sensory perception.

Dietary Selenium or Zinc Supplementation Restores Brain Lipid Composition and Membrane Fluidity in Protein-Undernourished Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
Olusegun L. Adebayo ◽  
Bamidele A. Salau ◽  
Rajat Sandhir ◽  
Gbenga A. Adenuga
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

Studies have shown that protein undernutrition (PU) modifies the membrane lipid composition in the intestine and liver, as well as in plasma and other areas. However, there is limited information on the effect of PU on synaptosomal membrane lipid composition and fluidity and the protective role of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), which is a major focus of the present study. For 10 weeks, rats were fed diets containing 16% casein, which constituted the adequate protein diet, or 5% casein, representing the PU diet. The animals were supplemented with Se and Zn at a concentration of 0.15 and 227 mg L-1, respectively, in drinking water for 3 weeks. The results showed a significant increase in total lipids, glycolipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, and the cholesterol/phospholipid (Chol/PL) ratio, and a significant reduction in phospholipids and membrane fluidity. Se and Zn supplementation to PU rats, however, significantly lowered total lipids, glycolipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, and the Chol/PL ratio, while phospholipids and membrane fluidity were significantly restored. It is concluded that a perturbed lipid composition induced by PU affects the membrane structure and fluidity, which in turn influences membrane functions. The study suggests that Se and Zn supplementation might be beneficial in restoring the lipid dyshomeostasis associated with PU.

In Reply: Lipid Composition of Milk From Mothers With Cystic Fibrosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-632
Author(s):  
JOEL BITMAN ◽  
MARGIT HAMOSH ◽  
D. L. WOOD ◽  
L. M. FREED ◽  
P. HAMOSH
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Energy Needs

This report from Golembeski and Emery adds to the small quantity of literature in this field. Drs Golembeski and Emery claim that they are presenting information that counters our statement,"The abnormalities in fatty acid composition of the cystic fibrosis milk may contraindicate its use for the nursing infant." However, no data regarding fatty acid composition were presented. In their Table, only total lipids are shown. In our study, we acknowledged that mean total lipids were sufficient to supply the energy needs of the nursing infant.

Lipid composition of the euphausiids Euphausia vallentini and Thysanoessa macrura during summer in the Southern Indian Ocean

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MAYZAUD ◽  
M. BOUTOUTE ◽  
F. ALONZO
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Southern Indian Ocean ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Thysanoessa Macrura ◽  
Alcohol Composition

Two species of euphausiids (Thysanoessa macrura Sars and Euphausia vallentini Stebbing) from the Southern Indian Ocean were analysed for their lipid content, fatty acid and fatty alcohol composition, in relation to developmental stage (T.m) and sex (E.v). Lipid composition showed wax esters and triacylglycerols as main neutral lipids for T. macrura and E. vallentini respectively. Allometric relationships between lipid class and total lipids indicated that changes in total lipids were size dependent and mainly related to wax esters in T. macrura and polar lipids (both phosphatidylcholine or PC and phosphatidylethanolamine or PE) in E. vallentini. No difference in lipid composition could be shown for male and female E. vallentini, while sampling location, developmental stage and sex were significantly influential in T. macrura. In this latter species wax esters displayed relatively similar fatty acid and alcohol composition in both juvenile and female stages, whereas a striking difference could be seen between females and juveniles in terms of polar lipids with a very low PE content in females. Male and female E. vallentini showed little differences in fatty acid structure with the exception of PC in females, which were low in 22:6n-3. The trophic status of these two species was established using multivariate discriminant analysis, which indicated for E. vallentini a degree of omnivory similar to E. superba, while these T. macrura appeared more omnivorous than individuals collected in other areas of the Southern Ocean. Clustering of polar lipid composition suggested a link between differences in PC fatty acid and the post-spawn stage of the female of E. vallentini collected. The same probably applies for the changes in PE recorded for T. macrura females.

scholarly journals Untargeted Lipidomics Analysis of the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: Lipid Composition Variation in Response to Alternative Cultivation Setups and to Gene Deletion

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8883
Author(s):  
Weronika Hewelt-Belka ◽  
Ágata Kot-Wasik ◽  
Paula Tamagnini ◽  
Paulo Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Alternative Cultivation ◽  
Synechocystis Sp ◽  
Pcc 6803

Cyanobacteria play an important role in several ecological environments, and they are widely accepted to be the ancestors of chloroplasts in modern plants and green algae. Cyanobacteria have become attractive models for metabolic engineering, with the goal of exploring them as microbial cell factories. However, the study of cyanobacterial lipids’ composition and variation, and the assessment of the lipids’ functional and structural roles have been largely overlooked. Here, we aimed at expanding the cyanobacterial lipidomic analytical pipeline by using an untargeted lipidomics approach. Thus, the lipid composition variation of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was investigated in response to both alternative cultivation setups and gene deletion. This approach allowed for detecting differences in total lipid content, alterations in fatty-acid unsaturation level, and adjustments of specific lipid species among the identified lipid classes. The employed method also revealed that the cultivation setup tested in this work induced a deeper alteration of the cyanobacterial cell lipidome than the deletion of a gene that results in a dramatic increase in the release of lipid-rich outer membrane vesicles. This study further highlights how growth conditions must be carefully selected when cyanobacteria are to be engineered and/or scaled-up for lipid or fatty acids production.

Use of growth factors associated with docetaxel and paclitaxel in patients with early-stage breast cancer in a community oncology center

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17548-e17548
Author(s):  
S. H. Boklage ◽  
L. Chen ◽  
N. P. Christiansen ◽  
S. D. Sullivan ◽  
J. W. Hay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Pharmacy Claims

e17548 Background: Docetaxel and paclitaxel are widely used in treating breast cancer (BC), and both have hematologic toxicity commonly managed by costly growth factors (GFs). However, the extent of GFs use in real-world clinical practice has not been well documented. Methods: The Georgia Oncology Specialist Database was used and contained chemotherapy, medical and pharmacy claims, and lab results for nearly 170,000 patients with various types of cancer (2003–2008). Patients with stage I-III BC receiving docetaxel- or paclitaxel-containing regimens as adjuvant therapy were followed from 1 week prior to docetaxel or paclitaxel (index drug) initiation to the earliest of death, loss to follow-up, switch in taxane, or end of 90-day period post last dose of index drug. Incidence of GFs use per person-year was compared using univariate negative binomial (NB) model, median time to first GFs use was compared using Wilcoxon test. Multivariate analyses were performed on number of utilizations and time to first utilization adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Compared with paclitaxel (n = 433), docetaxel cohort (n = 216) had lower incidence per person-year of erythroid stimulating agents (ESAs) use (8.01 vs. 11.72, p = 0.008), while similar incidence of myeloid growth factors (MGFs) use (8.51 vs. 5.07, p = 0.541). Lower MGFs utilization in docetaxel patients (ratio of number of utilization = 0.821, p = 0.033), and similar ESAs utilization (ratio of number of utilization = 0.920, p = 0.305) were found. While descriptive analysis showed paclitaxel patients received first ESAs sooner than docetaxel patients (median length: 23 vs. 7 days, p < 0.001), and no difference in time to first MGFs use (median 8 days for both); multivariate analyses found docetaxel patients received first MGFs sooner (ratio of days = 0.828, p = 0.039), and no difference in time to first ESAs use (ratio of days = 1.091, p = 0.419). Conclusions: This analysis suggests that docetaxel is associated with lower utilization of MGFs. Studies examining the economic impact of GFs use associated with taxanes will need to be conducted. A potential limitation of this study is that the potential selection bias may not be fully adjusted. [Table: see text]

Lipid composition of developing Xenopus laevis embryos

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Mes-Hartree ◽  
John B. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Embryos

The total lipid content, amount of phospholipid, proportions of major polar and neutral lipid classes, and the overall fatty acid composition were examined in Xenopus laevis embryos. No obvious differences were observed in any of the parameters between fertilization and hatching, or between eggs produced by different females. The average lipid content per egg was 113 μg, 31.6 μg of which was phospholipid. The major phospholipids were phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. The major fatty acids were palmitic and oleic acids, but polyunsaturated fatty acids were also present in substantial amounts. The results suggest that significant de novo synthesis of lipids does not occur until after hatching.

Seed ontogeny and endosperm chemical analysis in Smilax polyantha (Smilacaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Redondo Martins ◽  
Sandra Maria Carmello-Guerreiro ◽  
Marcos Silveira Buckeridge ◽  
Clovis Oliveira Silva ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Endosperm Cell ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Mature Seeds

Smilax polyantha Grisebach is a species native to the Brazilian Cerrado biome and is known as sarsaparilla in folk medicine. Despite its popular use, little is known about the propagation of this species, which is still actively illegally exploited. The present study aims to analyse the seed ontogeny and perform endosperm chemical analyses in S. polyantha to elucidate the structural and chemical factors that could be associated with the low germination rates and structural organisation of the seed. The ovules are orthotropic and bitegmic, have short funicles, single collateral vascular bundles that end in the chalaza, and a hypostasis that is composed of chalazal and nucellar cells. The seed covering is non-multiplicative. In mature seeds, the cellularised endosperm has thick-walled cells, the embryo is small and the tegmen comprises two layers of periclinal elongated cells with a red–orange content, which are covered by a cuticle. Histochemical tests detected the presence of lipids, proteins and polysaccharides in the cellular content of mature seeds. Chemical analyses indicated 46.7% hemicellulose per total weight, 67.3% glucose, 30.7% mannose, 1.9% galactose and an absence of fucose, arabinose and rhamnose. In conclusion, the delayed seed germination in S. polyantha is associated with the seed endosperm cell walls.

scholarly journals Comparison of lipid compositions of soft coral Sinularia brassica collected in different coastal regions of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Phuong Ly ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nga ◽  
Dang Thi Minh Tuyet ◽  
Pham Minh Quan ◽  
Andrey Imbs Borisovich
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Nha Trang Bay ◽  
Quang Ninh

Five soft coral samples belonging to the same specimen Sinularia brassica were collected in the coastal area of Ha Long Quang Ninh, Nhat Le beach, Quang Binh, Hon Vang - Thanh Hoa and Nha Trang areas (2014–2016), these samples were examined and analyzed by total lipid content, content and composition of lipid and fatty acids. Highest total lipid content was found in the sample SHM 09 collected in Nha Trang bay (1.11%), and the lowest total lipid content was in HL-SHM 07 collected in Ha Long, Quang Ninh (0.68%).The lipid composition of samples contained basic classes such as polar lipids, sterols, free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, monoankyldiacylglycerols, hydrocarbons and waxes. In studied soft corals, there are the appearance of all fatty acids from C12 to C24. There are differences in composition and content of lipids and fatty acids in samples collected in different locations: Samples collected at Nha Trang bay contain more polyunsaturated fatty acids than the other samples collected in Ha Long, Thanh Hoa, Quang Binh. Another two samples, collected in Hon Vang (Thanh Hoa) have similar composition and content of lipid classes, the composition and content of fatty acids in total lipids. The obtained results also show the significant impact of habitat and time of acquisition on the studied subject.

scholarly journals Composition-function analysis of HDL subpopulations: influence of lipid composition on particle functionality

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Niisuke ◽  
Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik ◽  
Katalin V. Horvath ◽  
Michael S. Gardner ◽  
Christopher A. Toth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The composition-function relationship of HDL particles and its effects on the mechanisms driving coronary heart disease (CHD) is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that the functionality of HDL particles is significantly influenced by their lipid composition. Using a novel 3D-separation method, we isolated five different-sized HDL subpopulations from CHD patients who had low preβ-1 functionality (low-F) (ABCA1-dependent cholesterol-efflux normalized for preβ-1 concentration) and controls who had either low-F or high preβ-1 functionality (high-F). Molecular numbers of apoA-I, apoA-II, and eight major lipid classes were determined in each subpopulation by LC-MS. The average number of lipid molecules decreased from 422 in the large spherical α-1 particles to 57 in the small discoid preβ-1 particles. With decreasing particle size, the relative concentration of free cholesterol (FC) decreased in α-mobility but not in preβ-1 particles. Preβ-1 particles contained more lipids than predicted; 30% of which were neutral lipids (cholesteryl ester and triglyceride), indicating that these particles were mainly remodeled from larger particles not newly synthesized. There were significant correlations between HDL-particle functionality and the concentrations of several lipids. Unexpectedly, the phospholipid:FC ratio was significantly correlated with large-HDL-particle functionality but not with preβ-1 functionality. There was significant positive correlation between particle functionality and total lipids in high-F controls, indicating that the lipid-binding capacity of apoA-I plays a major role in the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles. Functionality and lipid composition of HDL particles are significantly correlated and probably both are influenced by the lipid-binding capacity of apoA-I.

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