scholarly journals Special Issue on Molecular and Translational Research on Colorectal Cancer 2.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7479
Author(s):  
Alessandro Passardi ◽  
Emanuela Scarpi ◽  
Paola Ulivi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Prognostic Biomarkers ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Targets ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
New Strategies

The present editorial aims to summarise the six scientific papers that have contributed to this Special Issue, focusing on different aspects of molecular and translational research on colorectal cancer. We believe that the present Special Issue might contribute to the expansion of the current knowledge concerning potential molecular predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers in CRC, as well as new targets for anticancer treatment. This may help in identifying new strategies to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Basic and Translational Research in Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3095
Author(s):  
Paola Ulivi ◽  
Emanuela Scarpi ◽  
Alessandro Passardi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Scientific Papers

The present editorial aims to summarize the 17 scientific papers that have contributed to this Special Issue focusing on different aspects of basic and translational research in colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Porphyrin/Chlorin Derivatives as Promising Molecules for Therapy of Colorectal Cancer

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7268
Author(s):  
Fatima Dandash ◽  
David Y. Leger ◽  
Mona Diab-Assaf ◽  
Vincent Sol ◽  
Bertrand Liagre
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Porphyrin Derivatives ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Activity ◽  
Anticancer Treatment

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. The demand for new therapeutic approaches has increased attention paid toward therapies with high targeting efficiency, improved selectivity and few side effects. Porphyrins are powerful molecules with exceptional properties and multifunctional uses, and their special affinity to cancer cells makes them the ligands par excellence for anticancer drugs. Porphyrin derivatives are used as the most important photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is a promising approach for anticancer treatment. Nevertheless, the lack of solubility and selectivity of the large majority of these macrocycles led to the development of different photosensitizer complexes. In addition, targeting agents or nanoparticles were used to increase the efficiency of these macrocycles for PDT applications. On the other hand, gold tetrapyrrolic macrocycles alone showed very interesting chemotherapeutic activity without PDT. In this review, we discuss the most important porphyrin derivatives, alone or associated with other drugs, which have been found effective against CRC, as we describe their modifications and developments through substitutions and delivery systems.

scholarly journals Pharmacogenetics of Anticancer Drug Sensitivity and Toxicity in Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 2710-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Moradi-Marjaneh ◽  
Majid Khazaei ◽  
Sima Seifi ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Hassanian ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Inter-individual differences in drug response are an important cause of failure in anticancer treatment and adverse drug events in cancer patients. Gene polymorphisms related to these outcomes have been investigated in an effort to find new genetic biomarkers to predict toxicity and response to anticancer drugs. Evaluating the value single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in transportation, activation and metabolism of anticancer drugs provides a promising approach to select the appropriate therapeutic regimes with at least adverse reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the relationship between of SNPs involved in the transportation, activation and metabolism of anticancer drugs and treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Cancer Stem Cell Niche in Colorectal Cancer and Targeted Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 1979-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Guihua Cui ◽  
Bo Yu ◽  
Meiyan Sun ◽  
Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Common Malignancy

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells, are a sub-population of tumor cells found in many human cancers that are endowed with self-renewal and pluripotency. CSCs may be more resistant to conventional anticancer therapies than average cancer cells, as they can easily escape the cytotoxic effects of standard chemotherapy, thereby resulting in tumor relapse. Despite significant progress in related research, effective elimination of CSCs remains an unmet clinical need. CSCs are localized in a specialized microenvironment termed the niche, which plays a pivotal role in cancer multidrug resistance. The niche components of CSCs, such as the extracellular matrix, also physically shelter CSCs from therapeutic agents. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and presents a relatively transparent process of cancer initiation and development, making it an ideal model for CSC niche research. Here, we review recent advances in the field of CSCs using colorectal cancer as an example to illustrate the potential therapeutic value of targeting the CSC niche. These findings not only provide a novel theoretical basis for in-depth discussions on tumor occurrence, development, and prognosis evaluation, but also offer new strategies for the targeted treatment of cancer.

Role of Regulatory Oncogenic or Tumor Suppressor miRNAs of PI3K/AKT Signaling Axis in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 4605-4610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atena Soleimani ◽  
Farzad Rahmani ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
Mikhail Ryzhikov ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Radio Therapy ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and its incidence is increasing. In most patients with CRC, the PI3K/AKT signaling axis is over-activated. Regulatory oncogenic or tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) for PI3K/AKT signaling regulate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, as well as resistance to chemo-/radio-therapy in colorectal cancer tumor tissues. Thus, regulatory miRNAs of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling represent novel biomarkers for new patient diagnosis and obtaining clinically invaluable information from post-treatment CRC patients for improving therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNAs’ regulatory roles of PI3K/AKT signaling in CRC pathogenesis.

Free Fatty Acid Receptors as New Potential Targets in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 1397-1404
Author(s):  
Adrian Bartoszek ◽  
Jakub Fichna ◽  
Aleksandra Tarasiuk ◽  
Agata Binienda ◽  
Adam Fabisiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
The Family ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Receptors

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In developed countries, its mortality remains high, yet the prevalence has established owing to effective screening programs; however due to the westernization of lifestyle, the incidences in many other countries have increased. Although the treatment of CRC has improved in the last few years, the side effects of these approaches cannot be neglected. Recently, members of the family of free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) have become attractive pharmacological targets in many diseases, including asthma; studies also point to their role in carcinogenesis. Here, we discuss current knowledge and future directions in FFAR research related to CRC. Contradictory results of FFARs modulation may derive from the pleiotropic effects of FFAR ligands, receptor distribution and different signal transduction. Hence, we indicate directions of further studies to fully use the potential of FFARs in CRC.

scholarly journals Editorial of Special Issue “Differential Diagnosis for Dry Eye”

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Georgi As. Georgiev ◽  
Norihiko Yokoi
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Scientific Papers

This editorial aims to summarize the scientific papers that contributed to the Special Issue “Differential Diagnosis for Dry Eye” [...]

scholarly journals LAT1 and ASCT2 Related microRNAs as Potential New Therapeutic Agents against Colorectal Cancer Progression

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Francisca Dias ◽  
Cristina Almeida ◽  
Ana Luísa Teixeira ◽  
Mariana Morais ◽  
Rui Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression ◽  
Made In

The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations and more recently with changes in cell metabolism. Amino acid transporters are key players in tumor development, and it is described that tumor cells upregulate some AA transporters in order to support the increased amino acid (AA) intake to sustain the tumor additional needs for tumor growth and proliferation through the activation of several signaling pathways. LAT1 and ASCT2 are two AA transporters involved in the regulation of the mTOR pathway that has been reported as upregulated in CRC. Some attempts have been made in order to develop therapeutic approaches to target these AA transporters, however none have reached the clinical setting so far. MiRNA-based therapies have been gaining increasing attention from pharmaceutical companies and now several miRNA-based drugs are currently in clinical trials with promising results. In this review we combine a bioinformatic approach with a literature review in order to identify a miRNA profile with the potential to target both LAT1 and ASCT2 with potential to be used as a therapeutic approach against CRC.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Apoptosis Induced by Dietary δ-Valerobetaine Involves PINK1/Parkin Dependent-Mitophagy and SIRT3

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8117
Author(s):  
Nunzia D’Onofrio ◽  
Elisa Martino ◽  
Luigi Mele ◽  
Antonino Colloca ◽  
Martina Maione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Protein Levels

Understanding the mechanisms of colorectal cancer progression is crucial in the setting of strategies for its prevention. δ-Valerobetaine (δVB) is an emerging dietary metabolite showing cytotoxic activity in colon cancer cells via autophagy and apoptosis. Here, we aimed to deepen current knowledge on the mechanism of δVB-induced colon cancer cell death by investigating the apoptotic cascade in colorectal adenocarcinoma SW480 and SW620 cells and evaluating the molecular players of mitochondrial dysfunction. Results indicated that δVB reduced cell viability in a time-dependent manner, reaching IC50 after 72 h of incubation with δVB 1.5 mM, and caused a G2/M cell cycle arrest with upregulation of cyclin A and cyclin B protein levels. The increased apoptotic cell rate occurred via caspase-3 activation with a concomitant loss in mitochondrial membrane potential and SIRT3 downregulation. Functional studies indicated that δVB activated mitochondrial apoptosis through PINK1/Parkin pathways, as upregulation of PINK1, Parkin, and LC3B protein levels was observed (p < 0.0001). Together, these findings support a critical role of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis induced by δVB in SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cells.

scholarly journals Graphene-Based Materials: Biological and Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Papi
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Scientific Papers

This editorial aims to summarize the eleven scientific papers published in the Special Issue “Graphene-Based Materials: Biological and Biomedical Applications” [...]

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