scholarly journals Comparative Genome Analysis of Genes Regulating Compound Inflorescences in Tomato

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12548
Author(s):  
Yahui Yang ◽  
Huanhuan Yang ◽  
Yinxiao Tan ◽  
Tingting Zhao ◽  
Xiangyang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Comparative Genome Analysis ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Metabolism Pathway ◽  
Photosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Cell Cycle Pathway ◽  
Cherry Tomatoes ◽  
Main Factor

Inflorescences are the main factor affecting fruit yield. The quantity and quality of inflorescences are closely related to fruit quality and yield. The presence of compound inflorescences in cherry tomatoes is well established, and it has been discovered by chance that compound racemes also exist in tomatoes. To explore the formation of compound inflorescences in tomato, transcriptome sequencing was performed on Moneymaker (MM) and Compound Inflorescence (CI) plants. In-florescences were collected in three periods (early, middle and late) in three replicates, for a total of 18 samples. Data analysis showed that the DEGs were most enriched in metabolic pathways and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. The DEGs were also enriched in the cell cycle pathway, photosynthesis pathway, carbon metabolism pathway and circadian rhythm pathway. We found that the FALSIFLORA (FA), COMPOUND INFLORESCENCE (S) and ANANTHA (AN) genes were involved in compound inflorescence development, not only revealing novel genes but also providing a rich theoretical basis for compound inflorescence development.

scholarly journals OP0277-PARE METABERN, THE EUROPEAN REFERENCE NETWORK FOR RARE HEREDITARY DISEASES: STRUCTURE, OBJECTIVES, METABOLIC RMDS AND THE ROLES OF EUROPEAN PATIENT ADVOCACY GROUPS (EPAGS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 168.2-168
Author(s):  
L. Wagner ◽  
S. Sestini ◽  
C. Brown ◽  
A. Finglas ◽  
R. Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Impact

Background:Inborn metabolic disorders (IMDs) currently encompass more than 1,500 diseases with new ones still to be identified1. Each of them is characterised by a genetic defect affecting a metabolic pathway. Only few of them have curative treatments, that target the respective metabolic pathway. Commonly, treatment examples include diet, substrate reduction therapies, enzyme replacement therapies, gene therapy and biologicals, enabling IMD-patient now to survive to adulthood. About 30 % of all IMDs involve the musculoskeletal system and are here referred to as rare metabolic RMDs. Generally, IMDs are very heterogenous with respect to symptoms and severity, often being systemic and affecting more children than adults. Thus, challenges include certified advanced training of adult metabolic experts, standardised transition plans, social support and development of therapies for diseases that do not have any cure yet.Objectives:Introduction of MetabERN, its structure and objectives, highlighting on the unique features and challenges of metabolic RMDs and describing the involvement of patient representation in MetabERN.Methods:MetabERN is stratified in 7 subnetworks (SNW) according to the respective metabolic pathways and 9 work packages (WP), including administration, dissemination, guidelines, virtual counselling framework, research/clinical trials, continuity of care, education and patient involvement. The patient board involves a steering committee and single point of contacts for each subnetwork and work package, respectively2. Projects include identifying the need of implementing social science to assess the psycho-socio-economic burden of IMDs, webinars on IMDs and their transition as well as surveys on the impact of COVID-193 on IMD-patients and health care providers (HCPs), social assistance for IMD-patients and analysing the transition landscape within Europe.Results:The MetabERN structure enables bundling of expertise, capacity building and knowledge transfer for faster diagnosis and better health care. Rare metabolic RMDs are present in all SNWs that require unique treatments according to their metabolic pathways. Implementation of social science to assess the psycho-socio-economic burden of IMDs is still underused. Involvement of patient representatives is essential for a holistic healthcare not only focusing on clinical care, but also on the quality of life for IMD-patients. Surveys identified unmet needs of patient care, patients having little information on national support systems and structural deficits of healthcare systems to ensure HCP can provide adequate clinical care during transition phases. These results are collected by MetabERN and forwarded to the Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE) of the European Commission (EC) to be addressed further.Conclusion:MetabERN offers an infrastructure of virtual healthcare for patients with IMDs. Thus, in collaboration with ERN ReCONNET, MetabERN can assist in identifying rare metabolic disorders of RMDs to shorten the odyssey of diagnosis and advise on their respective therapies. On the other hand, MetabERN can benefit from EULAR’s longstanding experience regarding issues affecting the quality of life, all RMD patients are facing, such as pain, stiffness, fatigue, rehabilitation, maintaining work and disability claims.References:[1]IEMbase - Inborn Errors of Metabolism Knowledgebase http://www.iembase.org/ (accessed Jan 29, 2021).[2]MetabERN: European Refence Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders https://metab.ern-net.eu/ (accessed Jan 29, 2021).[3]Lampe, C.; Dionisi-Vici, C.; Bellettato, C. M.; Paneghetti, L.; van Lingen, C.; Bond, S.; Brown, C.; Finglas, A.; Francisco, R.; Sestini, S.; Heard, J. M.; Scarpa, M.; MetabERN collaboration group. The Impact of COVID-19 on Rare Metabolic Patients and Healthcare Providers: Results from Two MetabERN Surveys. Orphanet J. Rare Dis.2020, 15 (1), 341. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-020-01619-x.Acknowledgements:The authors thank the MetabERN collaboration group, the single point of contacts (SPOC) of the MetabERN patient board and the Transition Project Working Group (TPWG)Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profiling of High-Temperature Treated Storage Roots Reveals the Mechanism of Saccharification in Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6641
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Meng Kou ◽  
Mohamed Hamed Arisha ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Meng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Metabolic Analysis ◽  
Cooking Process

The saccharification of sweetpotato storage roots is a common phenomenon in the cooking process, which determines the edible quality of table use sweetpotato. In the present study, two high saccharified sweetpotato cultivars (Y25, Z13) and one low saccharified cultivar (X27) in two growth periods (S1, S2) were selected as materials to reveal the molecular mechanism of sweetpotato saccharification treated at high temperature by transcriptome sequencing and non-targeted metabolome determination. The results showed that the comprehensive taste score, sweetness, maltose content and starch change of X27 after steaming were significantly lower than those of Y25 and Z13. Through transcriptome sequencing analysis, 1918 and 1520 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the two periods of S1 and S2, respectively. Some saccharification-related transcription factors including MYB families, WRKY families, bHLH families and inhibitors were screened. Metabolic analysis showed that 162 differentially abundant metabolites related to carbohydrate metabolism were significantly enriched in starch and sucrose capitalization pathways. The correlation analysis between transcriptome and metabolome confirmed that the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways were significantly co-annotated, indicating that it is a vitally important metabolic pathway in the process of sweetpotato saccharification. The data obtained in this study can provide valuable resources for follow-up research on sweetpotato saccharification and will provide new insights and theoretical basis for table use sweetpotato breeding in the future.

scholarly journals Interstrain Variability of Human Vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus for Metabolism of Biogenic Amines and Antimicrobial Activity against Urogenital Pathogens

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4538
Author(s):  
Scarlett Puebla-Barragan ◽  
Emiley Watson ◽  
Charlotte van der Veer ◽  
John A. Chmiel ◽  
Charles Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Comparative Genome Analysis ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Lactobacillus Crispatus ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
The Common ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

Lactobacillus crispatus is the dominant species in the vagina of many women. With the potential for strains of this species to be used as a probiotic to help prevent and treat dysbiosis, we investigated isolates from vaginal swabs with Lactobacillus-dominated and a dysbiotic microbiota. A comparative genome analysis led to the identification of metabolic pathways for synthesis and degradation of three major biogenic amines in most strains. However, targeted metabolomic analysis of the production and degradation of biogenic amines showed that certain strains have either the ability to produce or to degrade these compounds. Notably, six strains produced cadaverine, one produced putrescine, and two produced tyramine. These biogenic amines are known to raise vaginal pH, cause malodour, and make the environment more favourable to vaginal pathogens. In vitro experiments confirmed that strains isolated from women with a dysbiotic vaginal microbiota have higher antimicrobial effects against the common urogenital pathogens Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium. The results indicate that not all L. crispatus vaginal strains appear suitable for probiotic application and the basis for selection should not be only the overall composition of the vaginal microbiota of the host from which they came, but specific biochemical and genetic traits.

Qualitŕ della vita e invecchiamento della popolazione. Materiali per un'ipotesi alternativa alla questione pensionistica

2009 ◽  
pp. 67-91
Author(s):  
Adele Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Climate And Environmental Change ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Positive Ageing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Factor

The topic of this article is quality of life and ageing process specially focused on today young generations and their coming retirement situation. The main idea is that quality of life is increasing, that means longer, safer and better living condition; consequently positive ageing processes mean also reforming retirement sector. The hypothesis carried out in this paper is an alternative one. Despite of the positive trends, we describe how three main factor of nowadays life are, on the contrary, turning into worse condition the future of young generations and their coming life situation. Firstly we consider the socio-economic aspects, the impact on health and the implications connected with precarious work. Secondly we consider pollution and its effects on health, life quality and life expectation. Thirdly we pay attention about climate and environmental change and their effect on health, life quality and expectation. In conclusion, the retirement future of today young generations may be very different (worse) than expected. The paper in based on WHO, IPCC and European Agency for Safety and Health at Work data and reports.Key words: Young generations; Coming quality of life; Population ageing and future of retirement question.Parole chiave: Giovani generazioni; Qualitŕ della vita; Invecchiamento della popolazione e pensioni.

THE ROLE OF COW PROCESSING IN IMPROVEMENT MILK QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
G. A. Larionov ◽  
◽  
O. Yu. Сhecheneshkina ◽  
E. S. Yatrusheva ◽  
N. I. Yendierov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor of determining the level of sanitary and hygienic indicators of the quality of milk produced is the hygiene of milking cows. The study of the role of hygiene of milking is of great importance for a correct understanding of the ways of solving the problem of obtaining high quality milk. Special attention of scientists and practitioners in recent years are focused on the development and implementation of highly effective detergents and disinfectants in the production of milk of cows. Many researchers and practitioners have directed their work to developing measures to prevent the entry of pathogenic microflora into milk during and after milking cows. In spite of many researches carried out, aimed at controlling the number of somatic cells in milk with the use of different products based on lactic acid, chlorhexidine and iodine, the problem of high quality milk production remains unresolved. In our work results of researches on the use of probiotic means for treatment of udders of cows are given. Processing the udder of cows with probiotic means before milking by Skin Cleaner, after milking by PIP Cow Teat Cleaner reduced the amount of somatic cells in cow milk 12,8-84,0%. The use of probiotic means Biomastim lowed somatic cell count of 18,4-51,9%. Microbiological contamination of milk using probiotic means for processing the udder before milking Skin Cleaner, after milking PIP Cow Teat Cleaner decreased 4,9- 70,4 times. The application of probiotic means Biomastim after milking on the teats led to the decrease in milk of cows QMAFAnM 5,0-6,6 times.

Anti-aging natural compounds and their role in the regulation of metabolic pathways leading to longevity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqsa Muzammil ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Ahitsham Umar ◽  
Muhammad Sufyan ◽  
Abdur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Extended Lifespan ◽  
Ancient Times

: Aging is an unavoidable process, leads to cell senescence due to physiochemical changes in an organism. Anti-aging remedies have always been of great interest since ancient times. The purpose of anti-aging activities is to increase the life span and the quality of life. Anti-aging activities are primarily involved in the therapies of age-related disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), cardiovascular diseases, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. These diseases are triggered by multiple factors that are involved in numerous molecular pathways including telomere shortening, NF-κB pathway, adiponectin receptor pathway, insulin and IGF signaling pathway, AMPK, mTOR and mitochondria dysfunction. Natural products are known as effective molecules to delay the aging process through influencing metabolic pathways and thus ensure an extended lifespan. These natural compounds are being utilized in drug design and development through computational and high throughput techniques for effective pro-longevity drugs. A comprehensive study of natural compounds demonstrated with their anti-aging activities along with databases of natural products for drug designing was executed and summarized in this review article.

scholarly journals The Effect of Salinity on Fruit Quality and Yield of Cherry Tomatoes

Horticulturae ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Carlos Agius ◽  
Sabine von Tucher ◽  
Wilfried Rozhon
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cherry Tomatoes

Hydroponic cultivation of vegetables avoids problems with soil-borne plant pathogens and may allow higher yield. In arid climates and particularly on islands, high concentrations of sodium chloride can be present in the groundwater. For instance, in many sites of Malta, the groundwater contains more than 10 mM sodium chloride. Here we investigated the effects of sodium chloride at levels typically found in Malta on yield, physiology and fruit quality of tomato, the economically most important vegetable. We selected cherry tomatoes since their production is attractive due to their high marketing value. While the yield declined at higher salinity levels tested (17 and 34 mM), the quality increased significantly as indicated by higher total soluble solids and fructose and glucose levels. The type of substrate—coco peat, perlite or Rockwool—had only minor effects. Although the concentration of citric acid and malic acid remained unaffected, the pH dropped by approximately 0.1 unit and the titratable acidity increased slightly. This might be explained by a high uptake of chloride but a lower increase of the sodium content and a reduced potassium level in the fruits, shifting the equilibrium of the organic acids more to their protonated forms. Proline increased significantly, while the level of glutamic acid, which is crucial for the taste, remained unchanged. Our results show that cherry tomatoes can be cultivated in nutrient solutions prepared with salt-containing groundwater, as found in Malta. The yield declined to some extent but the quality of the produced fruits was higher compared to cultivation in salt-free media.

scholarly journals The modern law-making process: structure and main problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (69) ◽  
pp. 605-614
Author(s):  
Mikhail B. Rumyantsev ◽  
Vladislav Yu. Turanin ◽  
Sergey Yu. Sumenkov ◽  
Marina G. Smirnova ◽  
Esita E. Ganaeva
Keyword(s):  
Standard Setting ◽  
The State ◽  
Dialectical Method ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Process Structure ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Law Making ◽  
Main Factor

Through the dialectical method the objective of the article was to analyze the process of the elaboration of modern laws, considering their structure and main problems. There is a major structure and problems inherent in the modern law-making process described in the article. The structure of law-making comprises four parts: 1. Cognitive-analytical part; 2. Theoretical foundations of the legal norms and acts they dictate; 3. Validation of legal act or norm; 4. Monitoring of relevant rules and legal acts. The main legislative task is to draft legal norms that stimulate the active development of all parts of the State and society through a deep perception of all related processes, including those involving standard-setting. It is concluded that the main factor affecting the quality of legislation is the lack of a uniform legislative basis for the issuance of legal acts. There seems to be a real need to develop a uniform legislative act on the law-making process. The Code containing general and specific parts of each law must be developed.

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus infection and reproductive health of women

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth ◽  
Main Factor

The article presents material about critical states in obstetric and gynecologic practice (“near miss”), obtained on the basis of their own research, as well as the data of domestic and foreign authors. It is shown that the main factor determining the outcome of the pregnancy and birth, is the quality of medical care provided to the woman. The characteristics of “near miss”, indicated the risk factors for its occurrence. A measure of the health care until serious complications of pregnancy and childbirth, as well as possible ways to reduce the frequency of their development.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Dark-Induced Senescence in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Jibiao Fan ◽  
Yanhong Lou ◽  
Haiyan Shi ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Liwen Cao
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Qrt Pcr

Leaf senescence induced by prolonged light deficiency is inevitable whenever turfgrass is cultivated in forests, and this negatively influences the survival and aesthetic quality of the turfgrass. However, the mechanism underlying dark-induced senescence in turfgrass remained obscure. In this study, RNA sequencing was performed to analyze how genes were regulated in response to dark-induced leaf senescence in bermudagrass. A total of 159,207 unigenes were obtained with a mean length of 948 bp. The differential expression analysis showed that a total of 59,062 genes, including 52,382 up-regulated genes and 6680 down-regulated genes were found to be differentially expressed between control leaves and senescent leaves induced by darkness. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly related to plant hormone (ethylene, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, and brassinosteroid) signal transduction, N-glycan biosynthesis, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, transcription factors, such as WRKY, NAC, HSF, and bHLH families were also responsive to dark-induced leaf senescence in bermudagrass. Finally, qRT-PCR analysis of six randomly selected DEGs validated the accuracy of sequencing results. Taken together, our results provide basic information of how genes respond to darkness, and contribute to the understanding of comprehensive mechanisms of dark-induced leaf senescence in turfgrass.

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