scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Tribological Behavior of Cutting Fluid Additives on Aluminum-Manganese Alloys

Lubricants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Junhui Ma ◽  
Olufisayo A. Gali ◽  
Reza A. Riahi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Machined Parts ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

The introduction of additives enhances the friction and wear reduction properties of cutting fluids (CFs) as well as aids in improving the surface quality of the machined parts. This study examines the tribological behavior of polymer-based and phosphorus-based additives introduced into cutting fluids for the machining of Al-Mn alloys. Ball-on-disc tests were used to evaluate the coefficient of friction (COF) and lubrication failure temperature to study the performance of the additives in the cutting fluids. Surface characterization was performed on the sliding tracks induced on the Al-Mn disc surfaces and used to propose the wear and friction reduction mechanisms. The polymer-based additive possessed a higher temperature at which lubrication failure occurred, displayed comparable COF at a lower temperature under certain conditions, and possessed a steadier tribological behavior. However, the phosphorus-based additive was observed to display lower COF and wear damage from 200 °C till failure. The lower COF values for the phosphorus-based additive at 200 °C corresponded with lower surface damage on the Al-Mn surface. The phosphorus-based additive’s performance at 200 °C could be attributed to the forming of a phosphorus-rich boundary layer within the sliding wear track, resulting in less surface damage on the Al-Mn surface and lower material transfer to the counterface steel ball surface.

An Experimental Evaluation of an Atomization-Based Cutting Fluid Application System for Micromachining

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. G. Jun ◽  
Suhas S. Joshi ◽  
Richard E. DeVor ◽  
Shiv G. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Forces ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Droplet Impingement ◽  
Application System ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Micro End Milling

An atomization-based cutting fluid application system is developed for micro-end milling. The system was designed to ensure spreading of the droplets on the workpiece surface based on the analysis of the atomized droplet impingement dynamics. The results of the initial experiments conducted to examine the viability of the system show that the cutting forces are lower and tool life is significantly improved with the atomized cutting fluids when compared to dry and flood cooling methods. Also, application of atomized cutting fluid is found to result in good chip evacuation and lower cutting temperature. Experiments were also conducted to study the effect of fluid properties on cutting performance, and the results show that cutting fluids with lower surface tension and higher viscosity perform better in terms of cutting forces.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL CUTTING FLUIDS AND VEGETABLE GLYCERINE BASED CUTTING FLUID IN STEEL 1020 TURNING OPERATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Fernandes ◽  
Sanderson Clayton ◽  
Bernardo Jakitsch ◽  
Luis Henrique Andrade Maia ◽  
Mariana Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Turning Operation ◽  
Steel 1020 ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

Studying The Effect of a New Mixed Cutting Fluid on Surface Roughness

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (11A) ◽  
pp. 1593-1601
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Shaker ◽  
Salah K. Jawad ◽  
Maan A. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Dry Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speeds

This research studied the influence of cutting fluids and cutting parameters on the surface roughness for stainless steel worked by turning machine in dry and wet cutting cases. The work was done with different cutting speeds, and feed rates with a fixed depth of cutting. During the machining process, heat was generated and effects of higher surface roughness of work material. In this study, the effects of some cutting fluids, and dry cutting on surface roughness have been examined in turning of AISI316 stainless steel material. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) instead of other soluble oils has been used and compared to dry machining processes. Experiments have been performed at four cutting speeds (60, 95, 155, 240) m/min, feed rates (0.065, 0.08, 0.096, 0.114) mm/rev. and constant depth of cut (0.5) mm. The amount of decrease in Ra after the used suggested mixture arrived at (0.21µm), while Ra exceeded (1µm) in case of soluble oils This means the suggested mixture gave the best results of lubricating properties than other cases.

scholarly journals On the Microstructural, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Mo-Se-C Coatings and Their Potential for Friction Reduction against Rubber

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Jorge Caessa ◽  
Todor Vuchkov ◽  
Talha Bin Yaqub ◽  
Albano Cavaleiro
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Pin On Disk

Friction and wear contribute to high energetic losses that reduce the efficiency of mechanical systems. However, carbon alloyed transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD-C) coatings possess low friction coefficients in diverse environments and can self-adapt to various sliding conditions. Hence, in this investigation, a semi-industrial magnetron sputtering device, operated in direct current mode (DC), is utilized to deposit several molybdenum-selenium-carbon (Mo-Se-C) coatings with a carbon content up to 60 atomic % (at. %). Then, the carbon content influence on the final properties of the films is analysed using several structural, mechanical and tribological characterization techniques. With an increasing carbon content in the Mo-Se-C films, lower Se/Mo ratio, porosity and roughness appeared, while the hardness and compactness increased. Pin-on-disk (POD) experiments performed in humid air disclosed that the Mo-Se-C vs. nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) friction is higher than Mo-Se-C vs. steel friction, and the coefficient of friction (CoF) is higher at 25 °C than at 200 °C, for both steel and NBR countersurfaces. In terms of wear, the Mo-Se-C coatings with 51 at. % C showed the lowest specific wear rates of all carbon content films when sliding against steel. The study shows the potential of TMD-based coatings for friction and wear reduction sliding against rubber.

scholarly journals Formulation of Sustainable Water-Based Cutting Fluids with Polyol Esters for Machining Titanium Alloys

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Elisabet Benedicto ◽  
Eva María Rubio ◽  
Laurent Aubouy ◽  
María Ana Sáenz-Nuño
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Lubricating Film ◽  
Wear Protection ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Polyol Esters

The machinability of titanium alloys still represents a demanding challenge and the development of new clean technologies to lubricate and cool is greatly needed. As a sustainable alternative to mineral oil, esters have shown excellent performance during machining. Herein, the aim of this work is to investigate the influence of esters’ molecular structure in oil-in-water emulsions and their interaction with the surface to form a lubricating film, thus improving the efficiency of the cutting fluid. The lubricity performance and tool wear protection are studied through film formation analysis and the tapping process on Ti6Al4V. The results show that the lubricity performance is improved by increasing the formation of the organic film on the metal surface, which depends on the ester’s molecular structure and its ability to adsorb on the surface against other surface-active compounds. Among the cutting fluids, noteworthy results are obtained using trimethylolpropane trioleate, which increases the lubricating film formation (containing 62% ester), thus improving the lubricity by up to 12% and reducing the torque increase due to tool wear by 26.8%. This work could be very useful for fields where often use difficult-to-machine materials—such as Ti6Al4V or γ-TiAl – which require large amounts of cutting fluids, since the formulation developed will allow the processes to be more efficient and sustainable.

scholarly journals A case study on the observability of cutting fluid flow and the associated contact mechanics in scaled rough surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Müller ◽  
Lukas Stahl ◽  
Robar Arafat ◽  
Nadine Madanchi ◽  
Christoph Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Contact Mechanics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Two Fluids ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Tool Cutting

AbstractIn grinding processes, heat is generated by the contact of the grains with the workpiece. In order to reduce damages on the workpiece and the grinding tool, cutting fluids are necessary for most grinding processes. They have the tasks of cooling and lubricating the contact zone and to remove the chips from the contact area. Different types of cutting fluids perform differently regarding these tasks, which can be investigated on a laboratory scale. However, the results of those experiments are limited to certain workpieces and processes and information about the contact mechanics are not available. The experimental investigation of contact mechanics under cutting fluid influence is hardly possible. For this reason, this paper uses a measurement strategy that uses scaled topographies and has already been successfully applied to contact mechanics problems. With such a setup, it is intended that at an early stage in the development of cutting fluids, their characteristics in terms of contact mechanics can be determined very efficiently. To demonstrate this approach, two different cutting fluids were tested with the help of the associated test rig—a water miscible emulsion and a non-water miscible grinding oil. The two fluids showed fundamentally different characteristics regarding their hydrodynamic load bearing effect, their influence on the friction behavior of the contact and their fluid flow in the gap. The properties analyzed here correspond to the practical application of cutting fluids. The results underline the potential of the presented setup for an integration into the development process of cutting fluids.

Thermo-physical and tribological characteristics of ionic liquid-based rice bran oil as green cutting fluid

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110461
Author(s):  
Aswani K Singh ◽  
Varun Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Base Oil

During machining, the cutting fluids play an essential role in cooling and lubrication. In order to reduce the friction forces, the excessive amount of the cutting fluids are generally used. This, in turn, leads to wastage of the cutting fluids which results in a serious impact on the environment, health and cost of production. Therefore, the judicious use of lubricants is the foremost concern in the manufacturing industry. In order to mitigate these drawbacks, various alternatives have been developed in the last decade. In the present paper, ionic liquids have been proved as favourable sustainable alternative additives in the base oil. The effect of alkyl chain length of ionic liquids with base oil on the thermo-physical and tribological characteristics of cutting fluids including viscosity, wettability, anticorrosion behaviour, thermal stability, and coefficient of friction have been analysed. In the present study, pyrrolidinium and hexafluoro-phosphate (PF6) have been used as cation and anion, respectively, with rice bran oil as base oil. The five different ionic liquids have been dispersed in base oil by 1.0 wt%. It has been found that longer alkyl chain length showed the favourable results as compared to the shorter one. Results indicated that ionic liquid based cutting fluid attained ample enhanced thermophysical and tribological properties as compared to the neat rice bran oil. There has been 5.08% and 4.29% improvement in viscosity and thermal conductivity for IL4 + RBO in comparison to neat RBO. In addition, the wettability, coefficient of friction, and wear volume have been reduced by 20.34%, 53.79% and 57.87% correspondingly.

Studying the lubricity of new eco-friendly cutting oil formulation in metal working fluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1569-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Noor El-Din ◽  
Marwa R. Mishrif ◽  
Satish V. Kailas ◽  
Suvin P.S. ◽  
Jagadeesh K. Mannekote
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Metal Working ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metalworking Fluid ◽  
3D Profilometer

PurposeThis paper aims to formulate a new metal working fluid (MWF) composition including some eco-friendly emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitor, biocide, and non- edible vegetable oil (castor oil) as the base oil. To achieve this aim, five MWFs with different hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) value as 10, 9.5, 9, 8.5 and 8 were prepared to identify the optimum HLB value that gives a highly stable oil-in-water emulsion. The performance of castor oil based MWF was evaluated using tool chip tribometer and drill dynamometer. The surface morphology of steel disc and friction pin was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 3D profilometer. The results revealed that the use of the prepared cutting fluid (E1) caused the cutting force to decrease from 500 N for dry high-speed steel sample to 280N, while the same value for a commercial cutting fluid (COM) was recorded as 340 N at drilling speed and cutting feed force as 1120 rpm and 4 mm/min., respectively.Design/methodology/approachA castor oil-based metalworking fluid was prepared using nonionic surfactants. The composition of the metalworking fluid was further optimized by adding performance-enhancing additives. The performance of castor oil based MWF was analyzed using Tool chip tribometer and Drill dynamometer. The surface morphology of steel ball and a disc was done using 3D profilometer and SEM.FindingsStudies revealed that castor oil-based MWF having Monoethanolamine (MEA) as corrosion inhibitor was found to be highly stable. The drilling dynamometer and tool chip tribometer studies showed that castor oil-based MWF performance was comparable to that of commercial MWF.Research limitations/implicationsThis study aims to explore the performance of the castor oil based metalworking fluid (MWF) using tool chip tribometer and drill dynamometer.Practical implicationsThe conventional MWFs are petroleum derives and are unsustainable. Use of non-edible plant-based oils for preparing the MWF will not only be conserved environment but also add value addition to agricultural crops.Social implicationsThe social Implications is aiming to decrease the environmental impact that results from the using of mineral cutting fluids.Originality/valueThe originality of this work is to replace the mineral oil and synthetic oil based cutting fluids with more eco-friendly alternatives one. In addition, the investigation will focus on developing functional additives required for cutting fluids which are environmentally benign.

A Theoretical Tribological Comparison Between Soft and Hard Coatings of Spur Gear Pairs

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiju Liu ◽  
Caichao Zhu ◽  
Zhanjiang Wang ◽  
Ye Zhou ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Squeeze Effect

A thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL) model is developed for a coated spur gear pair to investigate the effect of soft coatings and hard coatings on the tribological behavior of such a gear pair during meshing. The coating properties, i.e., the ratio of the Young's modulus between the coating and the substrate, and the coating thickness, are represented in the calculation of the elastic deformation. Discrete convolution, fast Fourier transform (DC-FFT) is utilized for the fast calculation of the surface deformation. The variation of the radius of curvature, the rolling speed, the slide-to-roll ratio, and the tooth load along the line of action (LOA) during meshing is taken into account and the transient squeeze effect is considered in the Reynolds equation. Energy equations of the solids and the oil film are derived. The temperature field and the pressure field are solved iteratively. The tribological behavior is evaluated in terms of the minimum film thickness, the maximum pressure, the temperature rise, the coefficient of friction, and the frictional power loss of the tooth contact during meshing. The results show discrepancies between the soft coating results and hard coating results.

scholarly journals Influence of Some Microchanges Generated by Different Processing Methods on Selected Tribological Characteristics

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Nagîț ◽  
Laurențiu Slătineanu ◽  
Oana Dodun ◽  
Andrei Marius Mihalache ◽  
Marius Ionuț Rîpanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Ball Burnishing ◽  
Power Type ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Loss Of Mass

Different processing methods can change the physical–mechanical properties and the microgeometry of the surfaces made by such processes. In turn, such microchanges may affect the tribological characteristics of the surface layer. The purpose of this research was to study the tribological behavior of a test piece surfaces analyzing the changes on the values of the coefficient of friction and loss of mass that appear in time. The surfaces subjected to experimental research were previously obtained by turning, grinding, ball burnishing, and vibroburnishing. The experimental research was performed using a device adaptable to a universal lathe. Mathematical processing of the experimental results led to the establishment of power-type function empirical models that highlight the intensity of the influence exerted by the pressure and duration of the test on the values of the output parameters. It was found that the best results were obtained in the case of applying ball vibroburnishing as the final process.

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