scholarly journals Effect of 3D Printed Spatial Reinforcement on Flexural Characteristics of Conventional Mortar

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3133
Author(s):  
Jacek Katzer ◽  
Tomasz Szatkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Reinforce Concrete ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fourth Decade ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Spatial Shape ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

In their fourth decade of development, additive manufacturing technologies are slowly entering research programs dedicated to building materials. While the majority of research effort is focused on using 3D printing of concrete, the authors propose using the technology for creation of spatial plastic reinforcement. Obviously, the strength properties of a 3D printed polymer are much lower than those of steel. Nevertheless, the unconventional spatial shape of a 3D printed reinforcement can substitute for much of the lower mechanical performance of polymer. Flexural characteristics of a cement mortar prism specimen reinforced by hexagon spatial elements were tested and analyzed in this paper. The hexagonal geometric shape was chosen due to its high rigidness. It was proven that it is possible to efficiently reinforce concrete beams by spatial 3D printed polymer elements. Directions of needed research were pointed and discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Autoclave Pressure and Temperature on Consolidation of Layers and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured (FDM) Products with PLA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Yousuf Pasha Shaik ◽  
Jens Schuster ◽  
Aarif Shaik ◽  
Mustafa Mohammed ◽  
Harshavardhan Reddy Katherapalli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Concentric Pattern ◽  
Raster Angle ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

In additive manufacturing technologies, fused deposition modelling (FDM) is continuing its advancement from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing. However, effective usage of FDM is not performed due to the poor mechanical properties of the 3D-printed components. This drawback restricts their usage in many applications. Much research, such as reinforcing 3D-printed parts with fibers, changing printing parameters (infill density, infill concentration, extrusion temperature, nozzle diameter, layer thickness, raster angle, etc.) are aimed to increase the mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts. This research paper aims to investigate the effect of pressure and temperature on the mechanical properties and consolidation of layers of 3D-printed PLA (Polylactic Acid). Post-treatment was done using a customized autoclave. Autoclave has the capability to maintain 185 °C and 135 bar pressure. Three-dimensional-printed specimens were manufactured using the FDM process with two patterns. Later, the specimens were subjected to various post-treatment processes, then followed with testing and analysis of mechanical properties. Post-treatment process carried out by placing them in an autoclave at certain pressure and temperature conditions. To investigate the repeatability and tolerances, the test series includes a minimum of four to six test specimens. The results indicate that the concentric pattern yields the most desirable tensile, impact, and flexural strength due to the alignment of deposited rasters and better consolidation of layers with the loading direction. The pressure and temperature of the autoclave has a positive effect on the PLA samples, which helped them to reorganize the structure, hence strength properties were enhanced. The test results also compared with injection-molded samples for better understating.

An Experimental Study on Elastic and Strength Properties of Addictively-Manufactured Plastic Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Kseniia Potopalska ◽  
Olena Tyshkovets ◽  
Andriy Kalinovskyi ◽  
Serhii Vasyliev
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Geometric Form ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Traditional Production ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Additive manufacturing technologies continue to develop extremely fast. Their opportunity of reproducing any given complex geometric form they superior to traditional production technologies. Despite the rapid development and distribution, there are still areas that require special attention for the study of the behavior of materials for 3D printing. This work presents method of defining mechanical property of PLA plastic for 3D printed parts. For this, a full-scale experiment was carried out using specimens created by 3D printing. After carrying out the tensile test, the tensile diagram was determined.

scholarly journals Crushed Bricks: Demolition Waste as a Sustainable Raw Material for Geopolymers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7572
Author(s):  
Gigliola D’Angelo ◽  
Marina Fumo ◽  
Mercedes del Rio Merino ◽  
Ilaria Capasso ◽  
Assunta Campanile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Crushed Brick

Demolition activity plays an important role in the total energy consumption of the construction industry in the European Union. The indiscriminate use of non-renewable raw materials, energy consumption, and unsustainable design has led to a redefinition of the criteria to ensure environmental protection. This article introduces an experimental plan that determines the viability of a new type of construction material, obtained from crushed brick waste, to be introduced into the construction market. The potential of crushed brick waste as a raw material in the production of building precast products, obtained by curing a geopolymeric blend at 60 °C for 3 days, has been exploited. Geopolymers represent an important alternative in reducing emissions and energy consumption, whilst, at the same time, achieving a considerable mechanical performance. The results obtained from this study show that the geopolymers produced from crushed brick were characterized by good properties in terms of open porosity, water absorption, mechanical strength, and surface resistance values when compared to building materials produced using traditional technologies.

scholarly journals Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Duotone 3D-Printed Polyetheretherketone as Oral Prosthetic Materials: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Ling Ding ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Chuncheng Yang ◽  
Guofeng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Dental Application ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance

Literature has reported the successful use of 3D printed polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to fabricate human body implants and oral prostheses. However, the current 3D printed PEEK (brown color) cannot mimic the vivid color of oral tissues and thus cannot meet the esthetical need for dental application. Therefore, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) were incorporated into PEEK to prepare a series of tooth-color and gingival-color PEEK composites in this study. Through color measurements and mechanical tests, the color value and mechanical performance of the 3D printed PEEK composites were evaluated. In addition, duotone PEEK specimens were printed by a double nozzle with an interface between tooth-color and gingival-color parts. The mechanical performance of duotone PEEK with two different interfaces (horizontal and vertical) was investigated. With the addition of TiO2 and Fe2O3, the colors of 3D printed PEEK composites become closer to that of dental shade guides. 3D printed PEEK composites generally demonstrated superior tensile and flexural properties and hence have great potential in the dental application. In addition, duotone 3D printed PEEK with a horizontal interfacial orientation presented better mechanical performance than that with a vertical one.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Masks for Powders and Viruses Safety Protection Using Food Grade Polymers: Empirical Tests

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Ruben Foresti ◽  
Benedetta Ghezzi ◽  
Matteo Vettori ◽  
Lorenzo Bergonzi ◽  
Silvia Attolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Industrial Grade ◽  
Safety Protection ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

The production of 3D printed safety protection devices (SPD) requires particular attention to the material selection and to the evaluation of mechanical resistance, biological safety and surface roughness related to the accumulation of bacteria and viruses. We explored the possibility to adopt additive manufacturing technologies for the production of respirator masks, responding to the sudden demand of SPDs caused by the emergency scenario of the pandemic spread of SARS-COV-2. In this study, we developed different prototypes of masks, exclusively applying basic additive manufacturing technologies like fused deposition modeling (FDM) and droplet-based precision extrusion deposition (db-PED) to common food packaging materials. We analyzed the resulting mechanical characteristics, biological safety (cell adhesion and viability), surface roughness and resistance to dissolution, before and after the cleaning and disinfection phases. We showed that masks 3D printed with home-grade printing equipment have similar performances compared to the industrial-grade ones, and furthermore we obtained a perfect face fit by customizing their shape. Finally, we developed novel approaches to the additive manufacturing post-processing phases essential to assure human safety in the production of 3D printed custom medical devices.

scholarly journals Vacuum brazing of Al2O3 and 3D printed Ti6Al4V lap-joints using high entropy driven AlZnCuFeSi filler

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Sharma ◽  
Byungmin Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
High Entropy Alloy ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Alloy Filler

AbstractIn this work, we studied the brazing characteristics of Al2O3 and 3D printed Ti–6Al–4V alloys using a novel equiatomic AlZnCuFeSi high entropy alloy filler (HEAF). The HEAF was prepared by mechanical alloying of the constituent powder and spark plasma sintering (SPS) approach. The filler microstructure, wettability and melting point were investigated. The mechanical and joint strength properties were also evaluated. The results showed that the developed AlZnCuFeSi HEAF consists of a dual phase (Cu–Zn, face-centered cubic (FCC)) and Al–Fe–Si rich (base centered cubic, BCC) phases. The phase structure of the (Cu–Al + Ti–Fe–Si)/solid solution promises a robust joint between Al2O3 and Ti–6Al–4V. In addition, the joint interfacial reaction was found to be modulated by the brazing temperature and time because of the altered activity of Ti and Zn. The optimum shear strength reached 84 MPa when the joint was brazed at 1050 °C for 60 s. The results can be promising for the integration of completely different materials using the entropy driven fillers developed in this study.

scholarly journals Metallization of Thermoplastic Polymers and Composites 3D Printed by Fused Filament Fabrication

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Alessia Romani ◽  
Andrea Mantelli ◽  
Paolo Tralli ◽  
Stefano Turri ◽  
Marinella Levi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymers ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Fused filament fabrication allows the direct manufacturing of customized and complex products although the layer-by-layer appearance of this process strongly affects the surface quality of the final parts. In recent years, an increasing number of post-processing treatments has been developed for the most used materials. Contrarily to other additive manufacturing technologies, metallization is not a common surface treatment for this process despite the increasing range of high-performing 3D printable materials. The objective of this work is to explore the use of physical vapor deposition sputtering for the chromium metallization of thermoplastic polymers and composites obtained by fused filament fabrication. The thermal and mechanical properties of five materials were firstly evaluated by means of differential scanning calorimetry and tensile tests. Meanwhile, a specific finishing torture test sample was designed and 3D printed to perform the metallization process and evaluate the finishing on different geometrical features. Furthermore, the roughness of the samples was measured before and after the metallization, and a cost analysis was performed to assess the cost-efficiency. To sum up, the metallization of five samples made with different materials was successfully achieved. Although some 3D printing defects worsened after the post-processing treatment, good homogeneity on the finest details was reached. These promising results may encourage further experimentations as well as the development of new applications, i.e., for the automotive and furniture fields.

Strength Properties of Activated Hwangtoh Mortars

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
Dongsik Oh ◽  
Doheom Song ◽  
Seongseok Go
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Substitution Ratio ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Furnace Slag

Hwangtoh (loess) has pozzolanic properties that mean it can be used as a cement admixture when activated at high temperatures, and that it can be used in combination with building materials such as fly ash or blast furnace slag. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the compressive strength and the brick bond strength of various mortars containing hwangtoh, and also to find the optimum mixing conditions for the use of hwangtoh. It was found that the mortars’ strength properties are significantly influenced by the water/cement ratio W/C and the activated hwangtoh substitution ratio. We recommend the following materials and mixing conditions: W/C 60%, a cement substitution ratio of activated hwangtoh of 20 ~ 25%, and the addition of 10% blast furnace slag to improve the compressive strength of such mortars.

scholarly journals Carbon Fiber Composites of Pure Polypropylene and Maleated Polypropylene Blends Obtained from Injection and Compression Moulding

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pérez-Rocha ◽  
A. B. Morales-Cepeda ◽  
F. Navarro-Pardo ◽  
T. Lozano-Ramírez ◽  
P. G. LaFleur
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene

A comparative study of the mechanical performance of PP and PP/PP-g-MAH blends reinforced with carbon fibre (CF) obtained by two different moulding techniques is presented. Three filler contents were used for fabricating the composites: 1, 3, and 5 pph (parts per hundred). The crystallisation behaviour of the composites was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Morphological and structural features of these samples were observed by atomic field microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Mechanical properties of the injection and compression moulded composites were evaluated by means of tensile and impact resistance tests. The fracture surface of the impacted samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The processing method had a noticeable effect on the results obtained in these tests. Young’s modulus was enhanced up to 147% when adding 5 pph CF to a PP matrix when processed by compression moulding. Addition of PP-g-MAH and CF had a favourable effect on the tensile and impact strength properties in most samples; these composites showed improved performance as the filler content was increased.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document