scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Phenolic and Polyphenolic Compounds from Different Matrices of Vitis vinifera L. against Human Pathogens

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3748
Author(s):  
Giovanna Simonetti ◽  
Elisa Brasili ◽  
Gabriella Pasqua
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Process Technology

Phenolic compounds, the most widely distributed class of natural products in the plants, show several biological properties including antifungal activity. Phenolics contained in grapes can be classified in two main groups, flavonoids and non-flavonoids compounds. Variability and yield extraction of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds from different matrices of Vitis vinifera depends of cultivar, climate, soil condition and process technology. Unripe grapes, berry skins and seeds, leaves, canes and stems and not-fermented and fermented pomaces represent large reusable and valuable wastes from agricultural and agro-industrial processes. This review summarizes studies that examine the extraction method, chemical characterization, and antifungal activity of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds from edible and non-edible V. vinifera matrices against human fungal pathogens. In the world, around one billion people have fungal diseases related to skin, nail or hair and around 150 million have systemic diseases caused by fungi. Few studies on antifungal activity of plant extracts have been performed. This review provides useful information for the application of V. vinifera phenolics in the field of antifungals for human use.

scholarly journals The Study of Antioxidant Components in Grape Seeds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Sochorova ◽  
Bozena Prusova ◽  
Tunde Jurikova ◽  
Jiri Mlcek ◽  
Anna Adamkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques

The paper deals with the study of antioxidant properties of extracts from vine seeds (Vitis vinifera L.) using spectrometric and chromatographic techniques. Ten vine varieties (Cerason, Laurot, Kofranka, Gewürztraminer, Hibernal, Blaufrankisch, Zweigeltrebe, Erilon, Palava, and Welschriesling) obtained from the years 2015, 2016, and 2017 were selected for the study. The antioxidant activity was determined spectrophotometrically using four fundamentally different methods; the content of total polyphenolic compounds was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. In 2015, the content of 14 antioxidants (gallic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, coutaric acid, ferulic acid, fertaric acid, trans-piceid, trans-piceatannol, rutin, quercetin-3-β-d-glucoside, quercitrin, myricetin, catechin, and epicatechin) were studied. The results of the study show the high content of antioxidant components in grape seeds and the differences in content in individual varieties and in individual years.

Chemical characterization of commercial dietary ingredients from Vitis vinifera L.

2006 ◽  
Vol 563 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Monagas ◽  
Ignacio Garrido ◽  
Begoña Bartolomé ◽  
Carmen Gómez-Cordovés
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L

scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Vitis vinifera Leaf Extract against SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Carla Zannella ◽  
Rosa Giugliano ◽  
Annalisa Chianese ◽  
Carmine Buonocore ◽  
Giovanni Andrea Vitale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Quercetin Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Vitis vinifera represents an important and renowned source of compounds with significant biological activity. Wines and winery bioproducts, such as grape pomace, skins, and seeds, are rich in bioactive compounds against a wide range of human pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. However, little is known about the biological properties of vine leaves. The aim of this study was the evaluation of phenolic composition and antiviral activity of Vitis vinifera leaf extract against two human viruses: the Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and the pandemic and currently widespread severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). About 40 phenolic compounds were identified in the extract by HPLC-MS/MS analysis: most of them were quercetin derivatives, others included derivatives of luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, chrysoeriol, biochanin, isookanin, and scutellarein. Leaf extract was able to inhibit both HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 replication in the early stages of infection by directly blocking the proteins enriched on the viral surface, at a very low concentration of 10 μg/mL. These results are very promising and highlight how natural extracts could be used in the design of antiviral drugs and the development of future vaccines.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity and DNA Topoisomerase Inhibition of Hydrolisable Tannins from Punica granatum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4175
Author(s):  
Virginia Brighenti ◽  
Ramona Iseppi ◽  
Luca Pinzi ◽  
Annamaria Mincuzzi ◽  
Antonio Ippolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
First Time ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) fruit is known to be an important source of bioactive phenolic compounds belonging to hydrolysable tannins. Pomegranate extracts have shown antifungal activity, but the compounds responsible for this activity and their mechanism/s of action have not been completely elucidated up to now. The aim of the present study was the investigation of the inhibition ability of a selection of pomegranate phenolic compounds (i.e., punicalagin, punicalin, ellagic acid, gallic acid) on both plant and human fungal pathogens. In addition, the biological target of punicalagin was identified here for the first time. The antifungal activity of pomegranate phenolics was evaluated by means of Agar Disk Diffusion Assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation. A chemoinformatic analysis predicted for the first time topoisomerases I and II as potential biological targets of punicalagin, and this prediction was confirmed by in vitro inhibition assays. Concerning phytopathogens, all the tested compounds were effective, often similarly to the fungicide imazalil at the label dose. Particularly, punicalagin showed the lowest MIC for Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea, whereas punicalin was the most active compound in terms of growth control extent. As for human pathogens, punicalagin was the most active compound among the tested ones against Candida albicans reference strains, as well as against the clinically isolates. UHPLC coupled with HRMS indicated that C. albicans, similarly to the phytopathogen Coniella granati, is able to hydrolyze both punicalagin and punicalin as a response to the fungal attack. Punicalagin showed a strong inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 9.0 and 4.6 µM against C. albicans topoisomerases I and II, respectively. Altogether, the results provide evidence that punicalagin is a valuable candidate to be further exploited as an antifungal agent in particular against human fungal infections.

scholarly journals Activity of Vitis vinifera Tendrils Extract Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Donata Ricci ◽  
Giancarlo Verardo ◽  
Andrea Gorassini ◽  
Vilberto Stocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Agar Dilution Method

The in vitro antifungal activity was determined of an ethanolic extract of Vitis vinifera L. tendrils (TVV) against ten plant pathogenic fungi, using the agar dilution method; activity was shown against all tested fungi. Fusarium species were the most sensitive with MIC values ranging from 250 to 300 ppm, while the basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia solani was the most resistant, with a MIC value of 500 ppm. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn) was used to obtain qualitative information on the main components of TVV. The high amount of polyphenolic compounds contained in TVV is likely to contribute significantly to its antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Development of 'Itália Melhorada' grapes on different rootstocks and under the semiarid conditions of the Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1867
Author(s):  
Aldrin Mario Da Silva Benjamin ◽  
Débora Jesus Dantas ◽  
Django Jesus Dantas ◽  
Glauber Henrique de Sousa Nunes ◽  
Celso Valdevino Pommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Thermal Sum ◽  
City State ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

Our study was carried out in the region of Mossoró city, state of Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil), in February 2013. This experiment aimed to describe the phenology, estimate biometeorological indexes, and perform a chemical characterization of 'Itália Melhorada' grapes (Vitis vinifera L) grafted on three different rootstocks (cultivars: IAC 313, IAC572, and IAC766), during two production cycles and under semiarid conditions. The first cycle lasted 115 days, with a pruning performed on 04/19/2013; yet the second lasted 111 days, with a pruning on 09/25/2013. In the first cycle, the thermal sum required was 1258.27 DD (degree days), while in the second, it was 1290.50 DD. The Heliothermic Geslin Index (HGI) observed in the first cycle was 352.84 and, in the second, it was 371.17. The rootstocks had no influence on the evaluated factors (phenology, TTA, TSS, and STT/ TTA) in either of the two cycles, therefore, all the tested rootstocks can be used indistinctly, but still, the analysis revealed differences from one cycle to another in terms of TSS and TSS / TTA of berries.

scholarly journals A Cationic Polymer That Shows High Antifungal Activity against Diverse Human Pathogens

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Rank ◽  
Naomi M. Walsh ◽  
Runhui Liu ◽  
Fang Yun Lim ◽  
Jin Woo Bok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Antifungal Compound ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Multiple Species

ABSTRACT Invasive fungal diseases are generally difficult to treat and often fatal. The therapeutic agents available to treat fungi are limited, and there is a critical need for new agents to combat these deadly infections. Antifungal compound development has been hindered by the challenge of creating agents that are highly active against fungal pathogens but not toxic to the host. Host defense peptides (HDPs) are produced by eukaryotes as a component of the innate immune response to pathogens and have served as inspiration for the development of many new antibacterial compounds. HDP mimics, however, have largely failed to exhibit potent and selective antifungal activity. Here, we present an HDP-like nylon-3 copolymer that is effective against diverse fungi while displaying only mild to moderate toxicity toward mammalian cells. This polymer is active on its own and in synergy with existing antifungal drugs against multiple species of Candida and Cryptococcus, reaching levels of efficacy comparable to those of the clinical agents amphotericin B and fluconazole in some cases. In addition, the polymer acts synergistically with azoles against different species of Aspergillus, including some azole-resistant strains. These findings indicate that nylon-3 polymers are a promising lead for development of new antifungal therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Agrobiological and Disease Resistance Traits of Grapevine Hybrid Populations (Vitis vinifera L. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.) in the Climatic Conditions of Crimea

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215
Author(s):  
Vladimir Volynkin ◽  
Irina Vasylyk ◽  
Vitalii Volodin ◽  
Elizaveta Grigoreva ◽  
Dmitry Karzhaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia

The Crimean autochthonous grape varieties are unique by their origin and serve as a valuable source for breeding new cultivars with increased salt and frost resistance, as well as high-quality berries. However, they suffer from fungal pathogens, as the dry and hot summer months contribute to the epiphytotic course of diseases. An increase in the resistance of Crimean grape varieties is currently achieved through interspecific hybridization. In this study, we describe the genetic and agrobiological diversity of three hybrid populations obtained using the Vitis interspecific hybrid ‘Magarach 31-77-10′ as a female parent and Muscadinia rotundifolia × Vitis vinifera BC5 hybrid plants as male parents. The hybrid nature of the populations was assessed using RADseq high-throughput genotyping. We discovered 12,734 SNPs, which were common to all three hybrid populations. We also proved with the SSR markers that the strong powdery and downy mildew resistance of the paternal genotypes is determined by the dominant Run1/Rpv1 locus inherited from M. rotundifolia. As a result, the disease development score (R, %) for both mildew diseases in the female parent ‘Magarach 31-77-10’ was three times higher than in male parents 2000-305-143 and 2000-305-163 over two years of phytopathological assessment. The highest values of yield-contributing traits (average bunch weight ~197 g and 1.3 kg as yield per plant) were detected in the population 4-11 (♀M. No. 31-77-10 × 2000-305-163). Despite the epiphytotic development of PM, the spread of oidium to the vegetative organs of hybrids 4-11 did not exceed 20%. Some hybrid genotypes with high productivity and resistance to pathogens were selected for further assessment as promising candidates for new varieties.

Resveratrol oligomers from Vitis Vinifera L. stems

Planta Medica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Amira-Guebailia ◽  
T Richard ◽  
S Rouaiguia ◽  
P Waffo Tueguo ◽  
JC Delaunay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L
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