scholarly journals Cohesiveness of Powdered Co-Amorphous Olanzapine and Impact on Tablet Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Nuno F. da Costa ◽  
João F. Pinto ◽  
Ana I. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Poor Solubility ◽  
The Poor

The evaluation of the processability of co-amorphous mixtures is of paramount importance since these systems are increasingly used to address the poor solubility presented by most of the drugs in research and development. This work shows that co-amorphous olanzapine powders present higher cohesiveness than their crystalline counterpart and resulted in the production of tablets with a higher tensile strength and a slower release of the drug. As a result, this work demonstrates that despite the solubility advantages of co-amorphous mixtures, consideration should be given to the downstream processing of formulations containing such materials.

scholarly journals Thermo-Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Polymer Composites Reinforced by Natural Fibers Derived from Wet Blue Leather Wastes: A Comparative Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1837
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nanni ◽  
Mariafederica Parisi ◽  
Martino Colonna ◽  
Massimo Messori
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Leather Wastes ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The present work investigated the possibility to use wet blue (WB) leather wastes as natural reinforcing fibers within different polymer matrices. After their preparation and characterization, WB fibers were melt-mixed at 10 wt.% with poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyamide 12 (PA12), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and the obtained samples were subjected to rheological, thermal, thermo-mechanical, and viscoelastic analyses. In parallel, morphological properties such as fiber distribution and dispersion, fiber–matrix adhesion, and fiber exfoliation phenomena were analyzed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to evaluate the relationship between the compounding process, mechanical responses, and morphological parameters. The PLA-based composite exhibited the best results since the Young modulus (+18%), tensile strength (+1.5%), impact (+10%), and creep (+5%) resistance were simultaneously enhanced by the addition of WB fibers, which were well dispersed and distributed in and significantly branched and interlocked with the polymer matrix. PA12- and TPU-based formulations showed a positive behavior (around +47% of the Young modulus and +40% of creep resistance) even if the not-optimal fiber–matrix adhesion and/or the poor de-fibration of WB slightly lowered the tensile strength and elongation at break. Finally, the TPE-based sample exhibited the worst performance because of the poor affinity between hydrophilic WB fibers and the hydrophobic polymer matrix.

Ketoconazole: Solving the Poor Solubility via Cocrystal Formation with Phenolic Acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 6973-6982
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Duanxiu Li ◽  
Zongwu Deng ◽  
Hailu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Poor Solubility ◽  
The Poor

Compressive Strength of high Performance Fibers

1988 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
T. E. Helminiak
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Polymeric Fibers ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Axial Compressive Strength

ABSTRACTSignificant research efforts have been carried out to improve the tensile modulus and tensile strength of high performance carbon and polymeric fibers. Experimental polymeric fibers (ordered polymer fibers) have been prepared with moduli >50 MPSI and tensile strength approaching one MPSI. However, the benefits of the above improvements in tensile properties for aerospace applications are limited because composites of these fibers have low axial compressive strength, which is a direct result of the poor axial fiber compressive strength. The poor axial fiber compressive strength has usually been attributed to the microfibrillar/fibrillar buckling. However, questions concerning the intrinsic limitations at the molecular level and the effects of intermolecular interactions are also considered important. Better understanding of these aspects will help in determining the theoretically achievable compressive strength and may aid in the development of higher compressive strength high performance fibers. These and other issues related to the compressive strength of high performance polymeric and carbon fibers are discussed in this paper.

Delhi will push to promote research and development

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Us ◽  
Economic Survey ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Reverse Brain Drain

Subject The state of R&D in India. Significance Last month’s Economic Survey, which the finance ministry presents to parliament as a prelude to the budget, highlighted the poor state of research and development (R&D) in India. However, the country is becoming a preferred destination for R&D conducted by foreign companies and an estimated 1 million Indian-trained scientists and technologists work in laboratories abroad. Impacts Delhi will continue to court foreign direct investment (FDI) in R&D. India may benefit from a reverse ‘brain drain’ if its skilled professionals struggle to secure US H-1B visas. The Modi government will face more accusations of interference in universities and come under pressure to desist. Reports suggest that the US administration is poised to restrict technology transfer to China; R&D in the whole of Asia would be affected.

Reinforcement of Fluoroelastomers with Halopolymers

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin H. Kaufman ◽  
John Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Milled Material ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Large Improvement ◽  
Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene

Abstract This study demonstrated the utility of Teflon as a reinforcing agent. Elastomeric compositions prepared with Teflon powder by milling or extrusion have very large increases in tensile strength when measured parallel to the direction of shear, and high tear strength when measured perpendicular to the direction of shear. Teflon powder sheared in a fluoroelastomer matrix coalesces to form fibrils. The hypothesis that free radicals, and therefore branching, are produced when Viton and Teflon mixtures are sheared at ambient temperature is supported by the increase in slope of curves of ηsp/c as a function of c. However, the principal cause of the large improvement in tensile and tear strength is believed to be formation of oriented Teflon fibers and films in the elastomer matrix. The formation of these fibers and films would explain the rough surface of milled material as well as the poor consolidation of these materials when they are compression molded. Reinforcement by fibrillation does not occur with Kcl-F resin or fluorinated ethylene propylene.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA LIFT THE FLAP BOOK MATERI MENULIS KALIMAT EFEKTIF

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Indria Prawita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Viability Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Grade Students ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Innovative Learning ◽  
The Media ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Abstrak             Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahya keterampilan siswa dalam menulis kalimat efektif. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya media pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia yang inovatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media lift the flap book untuk siswa kelas III SD yakni, menghasilkan media lift the flap book, menguji kelayakan media lift the flap book, dan menguji keefektifan media lift the flap book. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Develompent (R&D).  Hasil uji kelayakan lift the flap book yaitu dari ahli media sebesar 97,7% dan ahli materi sebesar 90,9%. Media lift the flap book efektif digunakan sesuai hasil uji t menunjukkan -t hitung< -t tabel ( -5,67 < -1,68 ), maka Ho ditolak dan uji N-Gain pretest dan posttest diperoleh sebesar 0,45 dengan kriteria sedang. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah media yang dikembangkan sangat layak dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran serta dapat meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam menulis kalimat efektif. This research was motivated by the poor skills of students in writing effective sentences. This occured due to the lack of innovative learning media in Bahasa Indonesia subject. This study aimed to develop lift the flap book media for the third grade students, namely, to produce lift the flap book media, to test the viability and the effectiveness of lift the flap book media. The research method used Research and Development (R&D). The result of the lift the flap book viability test from media experts by 97.7% and from content experts by 90.9%. The media lift the flap book was effectively used according to the results of the t test showing -t count <-t table (-5.67 <-1.68), so Ho was rejected and the N-Gain test on pretest and posttest obtained a value of 0.45 with moderate criteria . The conclusion of this research is that the media developed was very viable and effective in learning and can improve students' skills in writing effective sentences.

scholarly journals The Role of AVRDC–The World Vegetable Center in Enhancing and Promoting Vegetable Production in the Tropics

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel C. Palada ◽  
Thomas J. Kalb ◽  
Thomas A. Lumpkin
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
The Tropics

AVRDC–The World Vegetable Center was established in 1971 as a not-for-profit international agricultural research institute whose mission is to reduce malnutrition and poverty among the poor through vegetable research and development. Over the past 30 years, AVRDC has developed a vast array of international public goods. The Center plays an essential role in bringing international and interdisciplinary teams together to develop technologies, empower farmers, and address major vegetable-related issues in the developing world. In its unique role, AVRDC functions as a catalyst to 1) build international and interdisciplinary coalitions that engage in vegetable and nutrition issues; 2) generate and disseminate improved germplasm and technologies that address economic and nutritional needs of the poor; 3) collect, characterize, and conserve vegetable germplasm resources for worldwide use; and 4) provide globally accessible, user-friendly, science-based, appropriate technology. In enhancing and promoting vegetable production and consumption in developing world, AVRDC's research programs contribute to increased productivity of the vegetable sector, equity in economic development in favor of rural and urban poor, healthy and more diversified diets for low-income families, environmentally friendly and safe production of vegetables, and improved sustainability of cropping systems. Recent achievements at AVRDC that greatly impact tropical horticulture in the developing world include virus-resistant tomatoes raising farmers income, hybrid sweet pepper breaking the yield barrier in the tropics, flood-resistant chili peppers opening new market opportunities, broccoli varieties for monsoon season, pesticide-free eggplant and leafy vegetable production systems and fertilizer systems that protect the environment. Beyond vegetable crops, AVRDC is playing an important role in expanding and promoting research and development efforts for high value horticultural crops, including fruit, ornamentals, and medicinal plants through its new Global Horticulture Initiative. AVRDC believes that horticulture crop production provides jobs and is an engine for economic growth. The important role AVRDC–The World Vegetable Center plays in developing and promoting tropical horticultural crops is discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Properties of Polylactic Acid Reinforced by Hydroxyapatite Modified Nanocellulose

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxiao Lu ◽  
Chuanyue Sun ◽  
Kexin Yang ◽  
Kaili Wang ◽  
Yingyi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most promising bio-based materials, but its inherent hydrophobicity limits its application. Although nanocellulose (NCC) is a desirable reinforcement for PLA, the poor interface compatibility between the two has been a challenge. In this work, hydroxyapatite (HAP) modified NCC was prepared, and the obtained NCC/HAP reinforcement was used to prepare PLA/NCC-HAP composites. Different ratios of NCC to HAP were studied to explore their effects on the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the composites. When the ratio of NCC to HAP was 30/70, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composite film reached 45.6 MPa and 2.34 GPa, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that thermal stability of the composites was significantly improved compared with pure PLA, reaching 346.6 °C. The above revelations show that NCC/HAP significantly improved the interface compatibility with PLA matrix.

Effects of Mixing Parameters on Tensile Strength of TPU/NR Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2654-2656
Author(s):  
Nor Azwin Ahad ◽  
Sahrim Hj Ahmad ◽  
Norazwani Muhammad Zain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Mixing Times ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Mixing Parameters ◽  
The Poor

The blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with natural rubber (NR) were prepared via melt mixing technique, at four different blending temperature at range 180°C - 210°C and mixing times of 8, 10, 12, 14 min. The effects of both mixing parameters on tensile strength of the blends were investigated. The blend of 85TPU15NR shows the maximum tensile strength at 180°C and 10 min mixing. The viscosity of the polymer blends will decrease as the temperature increased. The movements of molecules are more worthy because of the poor molecules interaction. The increasing of mixing time will increase the compatibility of the blends and also increase in mechanical properties. Mixing time and mixing temperature are important parameters in acquiring blends having optimum mechanical properties.

Effects of Alkaline Treatments on the Tensile Strength of Napier Grass Fibres

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. M. Haameem ◽  
M.S. Abdul Majid ◽  
M. Haslan ◽  
Mohd Afendi ◽  
E.A. Helmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
The Poor

This paper presents the experiment test of the Napier grass fibres to determine the tensile strength of the Napier grass fibre. . Napier grass fibre is a natural source of fibre which is extracted from the internodes of Napier grass stems. Napier grass fibres were extracted trough conventional water retting process. However, the main disadvantages of natural fibres in composites are the poor compatibility between fibre and matrix and the relative high moisture absorption. These Napier grass fibre then undergoes alkaline chemical treatment using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to improve the surface roughness and to minimize the water absorption into the cellulose. The treatment is conducted with different concentration of NaOH at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. The single fibre tensile test was conducted using Instron micro tester. Based on the tests conducted, the results show that the fibre treated 10% concentrations yield the strongest tensile test compared to untreated Napier grass fibre.

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