Dietary Diversity and Prostate Cancer in a Spanish Adult Population: CAPLIFE Study

Dietary diversity (DD) is a key component of a high-quality diet, providing the adequate nutrient requirements. However, the role of DD on prostate cancer (PCa) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between DD, adequate nutrient intake and PCa, according to the aggressiveness of the tumor. The CAPLIFE (CAP: prostate cancer; LIFE: lifestyles) study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 402 incident PCa cases and 302 controls. The DD score (DDS), adjusted by total energy intake, was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nutrient adequacy was defined according to European Dietary Recommendation Intake for men. The aggressiveness of PCa was determined according to the International Society of Urology Pathology classification. The association between DDS, nutrient intake and PCa was assessed by logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. DDS was similar for PCa cases and controls, independent of PCa aggressiveness. According to each food group DDS, the protein group showed the highest mean score in all the subgroups analyzed. However, no differences were observed for each of the DDS components. The DDS, the variety of the group’s food intake, and the adequate nutrient intake, were not associated with PCa.

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The Association between Chronotype and Dietary Pattern among Adults: A Scoping Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17010068 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fatin Hanani Mazri ◽

Zahara Abdul Manaf ◽

Suzana Shahar ◽

Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Adult Population ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Cross Sectional

Chronotype reflects an individual’s preferred time of the day for an activity/rest cycle and individuals can be classified as a morning, intermediate, or evening type. A growing number of studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and general health. This review aimed to map current evidence of the association between chronotype and dietary intake among the adult population. A systematic search was conducted across five databases: EBSCO Host, Medline & Ovid, Pubmed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were adult subjects (more than 18 years old), and included an assessment of (i) chronotype, (ii) dietary behaviour/nutrient intake/food group intake, and (iii) an analysis of the association between chronotype and dietary behaviour/nutrient intake/food group intake. A total of 36 studies were included in the review. This review incorporated studies from various study designs, however, the majority of these studies were based on a cross-sectional design (n = 29). Dietary outcomes were categorized into three main groups, namely dietary behaviour, nutrient intake, and specific food group intake. This scoping review demonstrates that evening-type individuals are mostly engaged with unhealthy dietary habits related to obesity and were thus hampered in the case of weight loss interventions. Hence, this review has identified several dietary aspects that can be addressed in the development of a personalised chrono-nutrition weight loss intervention.

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Nutritional intake and dietary patterns in pregnancy: a longitudinal study of women with lifetime eating disorders

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114512000256 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 108 (11) ◽

pp. 2093-2099 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Nadia Micali ◽

Kate Northstone ◽

Pauline Emmett ◽

Ulrike Naumann ◽

Janet L. Treasure

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Food Group ◽

Population Based ◽

Food Groups ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Parents And Children ◽

In Pregnancy

There is limited knowledge about dietary patterns and nutrient/food intake during pregnancy in women with lifetime eating disorders (ED). The objective of the present study was to determine patterns of food and nutrient intake in women with lifetime ED as part of an existing longitudinal population-based cohort: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Women with singleton pregnancies and no lifetime psychiatric disorders other than ED (n 9723) were compared with women who reported lifetime (ever) ED: (anorexia nervosa (AN, n 151), bulimia nervosa (BN, n 186) or both (AN+BN, n 77)). Women reported usual food consumption using a FFQ at 32 weeks of gestation. Nutrient intakes, frequency of consumption of food groups and overall dietary patterns were examined. Women with lifetime ED were compared with control women using linear regression and logistic regression (as appropriate) after adjustment for relevant covariates, and for multiple comparisons. Women with lifetime ED scored higher on the ‘vegetarian’ dietary pattern; they had a lower intake of meat, which was compensated by a higher consumption of soya products and pulses compared with the controls. Lifetime AN increased the risk for a high ( ≥ 2500 g/week) caffeine consumption in pregnancy. No deficiencies in mineral and vitamin intake were evident across the groups, although small differences were observed in macronutrient intakes. In conclusion, despite some differences in food group consumption, women with lifetime ED had similar patterns of nutrient intake to healthy controls. Important differences in relation to meat eating and vegetarianism were highlighted, as well as high caffeine consumption. These differences might have an important impact on fetal development.

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Energy, nutrient intake and prostate cancer risk: a population-based case-control study in Sweden

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19961211)68:6<716::aid-ijc4>3.0.co;2-6 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 716-722 ◽

Cited By ~ 128

Author(s):

Swen-Olaf Andersson ◽

Alicja Wolk ◽

Reinhold Bergström ◽

Edward Giovannucci ◽

Christina Lindgren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Obesity and Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis: A Population-Based Survey

Infectious Diseases Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178633721994607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117863372199460

Author(s):

Alaa Badawi ◽

Christina J Liu

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Adult Population ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽

And Control

Objective: Diminution in body weight is a known risk factor that increases the burden of active tuberculosis (TB). However, conflicting evidence exists for the effect of body weight on the risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of LTBI at different body weights, evaluate the extent of association between body mass index (BMI) and LTBI and identify factors mediating this relationship in an adult population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the relationship between BMI and LTBI in participants from the US-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2012, n = 5156; 514 with LTBI and 4642 controls). Results: The association between BMI and levels of cardiometabolic risk markers in both LTBI and control groups had a similar profile. When adjusted for age and sex, BMI was significantly inversely correlated with the prevalence of LTBI ( r = −0.147, P < .001). Effect of BMI on the risk of LTBI was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, and level of education. In this model, increasing BMI was significantly associated with lower risk of LTBI (OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.77-0.96, P < .01). Conclusion: This study further establishes an inverse relationship between BMI and prevalence of LTBI. Decreased BMI can be considered as a risk factor in LTBI, the reservoir for active TB cases.

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Dietary Flavonoid Patterns and Prostate Cancer: Evidence from a Mexican Population-Based Case-Control Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521002646 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Marcia V Galván-Portillo ◽

Ruth A Vázquez-Salas ◽

Jesús Gibran Hernández-Pérez ◽

Julia Blanco-Muñoz ◽

Lizbeth López-Carrillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Latin American ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Principal Component ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Mixed Pattern ◽

Control Study

Abstract Flavonoids are a broad group of bioactive compounds with anticarcinogenic effects on the prostate that have been scarcely evaluated in Latin American populations. Our objective was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns of flavonoid intake and prostate cancer (PC) in a population-based case-control study carried out in Mexico City. Based on a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire with a frame reference of 3 y before diagnosis or interview, we used an updated database for estimating the daily intake (mg/d) of flavones, flavonols, and flavanols for 395 confirmed incident PC cases and 797 population controls matched by age (±5 years). Histological PC differentiation was evaluated using the Gleason score at diagnosis. Flavonoid dietary intake patterns (FDIPs) were determined through principal component analysis, and their association with PC was estimated using logistic regression models. Three FDIPs were identified: gallate pattern (GP) characterized by (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and (+)-gallocatechin; luteolin pattern (LP) characterized by luteolin and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate; and a mixed pattern (MP) that included (+)-catechin, (-) -epicatechin, and quercetin. A higher GP (OR T3 vs.T1=0.47; 95% CI 0.33-0.66) and LP intake (OR T3 vs. T1=0.39; 95% CI 0.27-0.59) were associated with a decreased PC likelihood. In contrast, a higher MP intake (OR T3 vs. T1=2.32; 95% CI 1.67-3.23) increased PC likelihood. The possible differential and synergistic anticarcinogenic role of flavonoid compounds in PC deserves further study.

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A Novel Food-Based Diet Quality Score Is Associated with Nutrient Adequacy and Reduced Anemia Among Rural Adults in Ten African Countries

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1381-1381

Author(s):

Sabri Bromage ◽

Yiwen Zhang ◽

Michelle Holmes ◽

Wafaie Fawzi ◽

Sonia Sachs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Food Group ◽

Quality Score ◽

Food Groups ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

African Countries ◽

Novel Food ◽

Nutrient Adequacy

Abstract Objectives We aimed to develop and evaluate an easily-tabulated metric that is sensitive to diet quality in diverse settings. In this analysis, we examined associations between a novel food-based metric – the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) - and diet quality using data from rural Africa. Methods The GDQS gives points for higher intake of 16 healthy food groups and lower intake of 9 unhealthy groups, based on 3 intake ranges for each group. We scored the GDQS using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data from 1613 men and 1710 nonpregnant nonlactating women ages 15–49 (median: 30) in 12 rural African villages participating in the Millennium Villages Project in 2006 to 2009. We evaluated associations between the GDQS and nutrient intakes calculated from the same FFQ, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), hemoglobin, and an overall nutrient adequacy score ranging from 0 to 7 (1 point given for each of 7 nutrients meeting average requirements). Associations were also derived for GDQS submetrics (GDQS+ and GDQS−) computed using only healthy or unhealthy food groups, respectively, and simplified versions of the GDQS and submetrics (scored using 2 intake ranges for each food group). Results Moderate rank correlations were observed between the GDQS+ and energy-adjusted intakes of fiber (women: 0.43, men: 0.33), folate (0.40, 0.30), vitamin A (0.40, 0.34), and zinc (0.38, 0.30), exceeding correlations with the Minimum Dietary Diversity Score for Women (p for difference between metrics <0.05 for fiber and folate in both sexes). The simplified GDQS- correlated moderately with energy-adjusted saturated fat intake (women: 0.35, men: 0.29). Rank correlations between the GDQS+ and overall nutrient adequacy score differed notably by country (range: 0.34–0.75), but not by age or season. Adjusting for age, interview month, and household size, the GDQS and GDQS+ were associated with hemoglobin and anemia (p for difference between metrics >0.05): women and men in the highest GDQS+ quintile had an OR of anemia of 0.25 (95% CI 0.09, 0.68) and 0.16 (95% CI 0.04, 0.46), respectively, relative to those in the lowest. Metrics were not associated with BMI or MUAC in adjusted analyses. Conclusions The GDQS and submetrics were associated with nutrient intakes, hemoglobin, and reduced anemia in rural African adults. Funding Sources Intake - Center for Dietary Assessment at FHI Solutions.

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Dietary micronutrients intake and plasma fibrinogen levels in the general adult population

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83217-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alicia Padron-Monedero ◽

Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽

Esther Lopez-Garcia

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Adult Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Plasma Fibrinogen ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Small Magnitude ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Quality Checks

AbstractPlasma fibrinogen predicts cardiovascular and nonvascular mortality. However, there is limited population-based evidence on the association between fibrinogen levels and dietary intakes of micronutrients possibly associated with inflammation status. Data were taken from the ENRICA study, conducted with 10,808 individuals representative of the population of Spain aged ≥ 18 years. Nutrient intake (vitamin A, carotenoids, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, magnesium, selenium, zinc and iron) was estimated with a validated diet history, and plasma fibrinogen was measured under appropriate quality checks. Statistical analyses were performed with linear regression and adjusted for main confounders. The geometric means of fibrinogen (g/L) across increasing quintiles of nutrient intake were 3.22, 3.22, 3.22, 3.16, and 3.19 (p-trend = 0.030) for vitamin E; 3.23, 3.22, 3.20, 3.19, and 3.19 (p-trend = 0.047) for magnesium; and 3.24, 3.22, 3.19, 3.21, and 3.19 (p-trend = 0.050) for iron. These inverse associations were more marked in participants with abdominal obesity and aged ≥ 60 years, but lost statistical significance after adjustment for other nutrients. Although dietary intakes of vitamin E, magnesium and iron were inversely associated with fibrinogen levels, clinical implications of these findings are uncertain since these results were of very small magnitude and mostly explained by intake levels of other nutrients.

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Forgoing healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland – a cross-sectional population-based study

10.1101/2021.10.01.21264411 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lakshmi Krishna Menon ◽

Viviane Richard ◽

Carlos de Mestral ◽

Helene Baysson ◽

Ania Wisniak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Insurance Coverage ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Health Insurance Coverage ◽

Population Based ◽

Access To Healthcare ◽

Poor Health ◽

List Type ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models

AbstractBackgroundHealth systems around the world continue to navigate through operational challenges surfaced by the COVID-19 pandemic; these have implications for access to healthcare. In this study, we estimate the prevalence and reasons for forgoing healthcare during the pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland; a country with a universal and mandatory private health insurance coverage.MethodsParticipants from a randomly selected population-based sample of the adult population living in the Canton of Geneva completed an online socio-demographic and lifestyle questionnaire between November 2020 and January 2021. The prevalence and reasons for forgoing healthcare since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic were examined descriptively, and logistic regression models were used to assess determinants for forgoing healthcare.ResultsThe study included 5,397 participants, among which 8.0% reported having forgone healthcare since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic; participants with a disadvantaged financial situation (OR=2.04; 95% CI: 1.56-2.65), and those reporting an average (OR=2.55; 95% CI: 1.94-3.32) or poor health (OR=4.40; 95% CI: 2.40-7.68) were more likely to forgo healthcare. The most common reasons to forgo healthcare were appointment cancellations by healthcare providers (53.9%), fear of infection (35.3%), and personal organizational issues (11.1%).ConclusionOur paper highlights the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to healthcare and identifies population sub-groups at-risk for forgoing healthcare. These results necessitate public health efforts to ensure equitable and accessible healthcare as the COVID-19 pandemic continues.Highlights8% of the Geneva, Switzerland, adults renounced healthcare in the COVID-19 pandemicMain forgoing healthcare reasons are appointment cancellation and fear of infectionUnderprivileged participants with poor health are more likely to forgo healthcare

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Food group diversity and nutrient adequacy: Dietary diversity as a proxy for micronutrient adequacy for different age and sex groups in Mexico and China

10.36072/dp.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mary Arimond ◽

Doris Wiesmann ◽

Sonia Rodríguez Ramírez ◽

Teresa Shamah Levy ◽

Sheng Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Diversity ◽

Food Group ◽

Nutrient Adequacy ◽

Group Diversity ◽

Age And Sex

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Aspects of Dietary Diversity Differ in Their Association with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in a Racially Diverse US Adult Population

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11051034 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1034 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marie Fanelli Kuczmarski ◽

Benjamin C. Brewer ◽

Rita Rawal ◽

Ryan T. Pohlig ◽

Alan B. Zonderman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Aging ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Adult Population ◽

Heart Association ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrient Adequacy ◽

Recall Data ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Ascvd Risk

The study objectives were to measure dietary diversity (DD) of an urban US population and to determine if associations of 10 year atherosclerotic cardiovascular (ASCVD) risk with DD were independent of dietary quality. Participants were drawn from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study, wave 4 (n = 2066, 1259 African Americans (AA), 807 Whites (W). Three DD measures were derived from 2 days of 24 h recall data collected with the USDA automated-multiple-pass-method. Count was based on consumption of at least half an equivalent of food from 21 subgroups. Evenness was calculated using Berry Index (BI) and BI-adjusted by food health values. Dissimilarity was calculated by Mahalanobis Distance. Diet quality was assessed by Mean Nutrient Adequacy (MAR) and DASH scores. Associations of DD and quality with ASCVD risk, calculated using 2013 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association guidelines, were assessed with multivariable regression. Covariates included income, education, food security, and energy/kg weight. Count and MAR were positively associated whereas dissimilarity was negatively associated with ASCVD risk. There was no evidence that evenness contributed to cardiovascular health. The findings suggest more diversity in food attributes and diets rich in micronutrients rather than increased count support cardiovascular health.

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