scholarly journals Silver Micro-Nanoparticle-Based Nanoarchitectures: Synthesis Routes, Biomedical Applications, and Mechanisms of Action

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2870
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Wahab ◽  
Li Luming ◽  
Md Abdul Matin ◽  
Mohammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Mohammad Omer Aijaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Synthesis Routes

Silver has become a potent agent that can be effectively applied in nanostructured nanomaterials with various shapes and sizes against antibacterial applications. Silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) based-antimicrobial agents play a major role in different applications, including biomedical applications, as surface treatment and coatings, in chemical and food industries, and for agricultural productivity. Due to advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology, different methods have been used to prepare Ag NPs with sizes and shapes reducing toxicity for antibacterial applications. Studies have shown that Ag NPs are largely dependent on basic structural parameters, such as size, shape, and chemical composition, which play a significant role in preparing the appropriate formulation for the desired applications. Therefore, this review focuses on the important parameters that affect the surface interaction/state of Ag NPs and their influence on antimicrobial activities, which are essential for designing future applications. The mode of action of Ag NPs as antibacterial agents will also be discussed.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticle-Based Nanocomposites for Combating Infectious Pathogens: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Md A. Wahab ◽  
Luming Li ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Ahmed Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Careful Investigation

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and their nanocomposites with polymers are potent agents for antibacterial and disinfectant applications. The structural parameters of Ag-NPs, such as size, shape, and surface area, are very critical for developing appropriate formulations for the targeted applications. The impact of these factors on the performance of Ag NPs is analyzed. Ag NPs with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities have already found applications in wound and burn dressing, food preservation, agricultural ponds, treatment for infected areas, coatings, water treatment, and other biomedical applications. Ag NPs are quite useful against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but their level of toxicity needs careful investigation as their toxicity could be very harmful to human health and the environment. This review discusses the challenges and prospects of various Ag NPs and their composites. The review will enrich the knowledge about the efficiency and mechanism of various Ag nanoparticle-based antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals Electrospun antibacterial nanofibers for wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 2030012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimei Wei ◽  
Liqun Wang ◽  
Shouyu Zhang ◽  
Tonghai Chen ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Material

Bacterial infections are a major cause of chronic infections. Thus, antibacterial material is an urgent need in clinics. Antibacterial nanofibers, with expansive surface area, enable efficient incorporation of antibacterial agents. Meanwhile, structure similar to the extracellular matrix can accelerate cell growth. Electrospinning, the most widely used technique to fabricate nanofiber, is often used in many biomedical applications including drug delivery, regenerative medicine, wound healing and so on. Thus, this review provides an overview of all recently published studies on the development of electrospun antibacterial nanofibers in wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields. This reviewer begins with a brief introduction of electrospinning process and then discusses electrospun fibers by incorporating various types of antimicrobial agents used as in wound dressings and tissue. Finally, we finish with conclusions and further perspectives on electrospun antibacterial nanofibers as 2D biomedicine materials.

Biogenic Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-233
Author(s):  
Snežana Radisavljević ◽  
Biljana Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Physiochemical Properties

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in biomedical applications, especially diagnostic and drug delivery. The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles depends on the dimensions of the particles. AuNPs may associate with the surface of the cell membrane and cause disorder such as respiration and permeability. The method of binding of particles for bacteria depends on their surface available for interaction. Smaller particles which have the larger surface area available for interaction will show better bactericidal effect than the larger particles. Useful antibacterial agents should also be toxic to various pathogenic bacteria with the ability to coat different surfaces like biomaterials, devices, textiles, food packaging, and so on. The biological and physiochemical properties of synthesized AuNPs have impact on the use of gold nanoparticles like antimicrobial agents, especially for water purification, as well as other biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Gold Nanoclusters: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibidou Yougbare ◽  
Ting-Kuang Chang ◽  
Shih-Hua Tan ◽  
Jui-Chi Kuo ◽  
Po-Hsuan Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Surface Ligands ◽  
Recent Developments

Bacterial infections have caused serious threats to public health due to the antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. Recently, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have been extensively investigated for biomedical applications because of their superior structural and optical properties. Great efforts have demonstrated that AuNCs conjugated with various surface ligands are promising antimicrobial agents owing to their high biocompatibility, polyvalent effect, easy modification and photothermal stability. In this review, we have highlighted the recent achievements for the utilizations of AuNCs as the antimicrobial agents. We have classified the antimicrobial AuNCs by their surface ligands including small molecules (<900 Daltons) and macromolecules (>900 Daltons). Moreover, the antimicrobial activities and mechanisms of AuNCs have been introduced into two main categories of small molecules and macromolecules, respectively. In accordance with the advancements of antimicrobial AuNCs, we further provided conclusions of current challenges and recommendations of future perspectives of antimicrobial AuNCs for fundamental researches and clinical applications.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Apiaceae Family Essential Oils from Different Plants and in-vitro Antimicrobial Activities on Probiotic Microorganisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Alper Çimik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activity

Coriander, fennel, caraway and anise species which have major characteristic specialities of Apiaceae family, have antimicrobial activities on pathogene microorganisms. Probiotic microorganisms have fundamental effects on human body and extermination of probiotics causes many diseases. In this study, it was aimed to determine investigate probiotic resistance against natural antimicrobial agents (as essential oils) compare to pathogenes in previous studies. Analysis of essential oils (Eos) from were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS, analysis of Eos antimicrobial and antifungal activity from were analyzed by Microdilution test (as described in CLSI). Linalool (%74.927), (E)-anethole (%68.239), carvone (%61.087) and (E)-anethole (%95.577) were found as major compounds of EOs respectively. All essential oils have antimicrobial activities on probiotic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Volatile Components of Essential Oils of Selected Plants in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lydia G. Mugao ◽  
Bernard M. Gichimu ◽  
Phyllis W. Muturi ◽  
Simon T. Mukono
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Scanty Information ◽  
Test Plants

Essential oils are secondary metabolites that plants produce for protection from pests and predators, attraction of pollinators, and seed dispersal. The oils are made up of a mixture of compounds that give a characteristic flavour and odour. Currently, essential oils are receiving great attention in research for their phytochemical and antimicrobial activities. However, there is scanty information on the chemical composition of many plants. This study provides a detailed analysis of the chemical composition of essential oils of ginger, garlic, tick berry, and Mexican marigold in Kenya. The essential oils were extracted by steam distillation and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The study identified a total of 52 different chemical classes from the essential oils of the four different plants that were analysed. Their percentage composition was also found to vary between the test plants. The essential oils of Mexican marigold constituted the highest composition of the identified chemical classes at 71.2%, followed by ginger at 55.8%, while both tick berry and garlic oils constituted 53.8% of the total classes identified. Terpenes constituted the highest composition in the essential oils of all the four test plants. Other major chemical classes included esters, ketones, organosulfurs, alkanes, cycloalkanes, steroids, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alkanols. Some of these chemical compounds have been shown to have a huge utility potential in biopesticides, pharmaceutical, and food industries, and hence, their industrial extraction and purification from the essential oils of these plants are recommended.

scholarly journals Antimicrobials from Venomous Animals: An Overview

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Yacoub ◽  
Mohamad Rima ◽  
Marc Karam ◽  
Jean-Marc Sabatier ◽  
Ziad Fajloun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Venomous Animals ◽  
Animal Venoms

The inappropriate or excessive use of antimicrobial agents caused an emerging public health problem due to the resulting resistance developed by microbes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective antimicrobial strategies relying on natural agents with different mechanisms of action. Nature has been known to offer many bioactive compounds, in the form of animal venoms, algae, and plant extracts that were used for decades in traditional medicine. Animal venoms and secretions have been deeply studied for their wealth in pharmaceutically promising molecules. As such, they were reported to exhibit many biological activities of interest, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the antimicrobial activities of crude animal venoms/secretions, and describe the peptides that are responsible of these activities.

scholarly journals Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3006
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Sitohy ◽  
Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi ◽  
Ali Osman ◽  
Seham Abdel-Shafi ◽  
Nashwa El-Gazzar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) (FNP) and mung bean (Viga radiate) (MNP), with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and nanocomposites of either Ag-NPs plus FNP (Ag-FNP) or Ag-NPs plus MNP (Ag-MNP) as inhibitory agents against pathogenic bacteria. FNP and MNP were isolated from fenugreek seeds and mung bean seeds, respectively, and fractionated using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). Both FNP and MNP were immobilized with Ag-NPs to synthesize the nanocomposites Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of Ag-NPs and their composites with proteins were studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), the zeta potential, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm (BET), elucidating their structural parameters, size distribution, size charges, size surface morphology, particle shape, dimensional forms of particles, and specific surface area, respectively. The sole proteins, Ag-NPs, and their nanocomposites inhibited pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibitory activities of both nanocomposites (Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP) were more than those obtained by either Ag-NPs or proteins (FNP, MNP). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Ag-FNP were very low (20 and 10 µg mL−1) against Salmonellatyphimurium and Pseudomonasaerugenosa, respectively, but higher (162 µg mL−1) against E. coli and Listeriamonocytogenes. MICs of Ag-MNP were also very low (20 µg mL−1) against Staphylococcusaureus but higher (325 µg mL−1) against Listeriamonocytogenes. TEM images of Staphylococcusaureus and Salmonellatyphimurium, treated with Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, at their MIC values, showed asymmetric, wrinkled exterior surfaces, cell deformations, cell depressions, and diminished cell numbers.

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Citrobacter freundii as antibiofilm agents with their cytotoxic effects on human cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Ali K. Shakhatreh ◽  
Omar F. Al-Rawi ◽  
Samer F. Swedan ◽  
Karem H. Alzoubi ◽  
Omar F. Khabour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

Background: Nanomaterials have recently been identified for their potential benefits in the areas of medicine and pharmaceuticals. Among these nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have been widely utilized in the fields of diagnostics, antimicrobials, and catalysis. Objective: To investigate the potential utility of Citrobacter freundii in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), and to determine the antimicrobial activities of the Ag-NPs produced. Methods: Aqueous Ag+ ions were reduced when exposed to C. freundii extract and sunlight, leading to formation of AgNPs. Qualitative microanalysis for the synthesized Ag-NPs was done using UV-vis spectrometry, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The hydrodynamic size and stability of the particles were detected using dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. The Ag-NPs’ anti-planktonic and anti-biofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are two important skin and wound pathogens, were investigated. The cytotoxicity on human dermal fibroblast cell line was also determined. Results: Ag-NPs were spherical with a size range between 15 to 30 nm. Furthermore, Ag-NPs displayed potent bactericidal activities against both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and showed noticeable anti-biofilm activity against S. aureus biofilms. Ag-NPs induced minor cytotoxic effects on human cells as indicated by a reduction of cell viability, a disruption of plasma membrane integrity, and apoptosis induction. Conclusion: Ag-NPs generated in this study might be a future potential alternative to be used as antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical applications for wound and skin related infections.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil and its Fractions of Lavandula stoechas L. From Morocco

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ez Zoubi Yassine ◽  
El Ouali Lalami Abdelhakim ◽  
Bousta Dalila ◽  
Polissiou Moschos ◽  
Daferera Dimitra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
Natural Foods

The emerging multi-drug resistance in food borne pathogens and consumers demand for minimally processed fresh natural foods has paved the path for natural antimicrobials and antioxidants to be used in food industry. This work investigates the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of essential oils of Lavandula stoechas and its fractions which were obtained from the Lavandula stoechas using apparatus Glass Oven B-585. GC/MS analysis of Lavandula stoechas essential oil has led to the identification of 27 components, of which camphor, fenchone, camphene, borneol, α- Pinene and 1,8-cineole, were the major components. Fractions 1 and 2 have displayed qualitative similarities; fraction 3 has showed a different chemical profile characterized by the presence of various oxygenated sesquiterpenes. In DPPH assay, the IC50 value of Lavandula stoechas and its fractions have varied between 0.8 and 1.6 µg/ml, while phosphomolybdenum assay of essential oils of Lavandula steochas, fraction 1, 2 and 3 have showed values in the order of 79 ± 4.4, 73.7 ± 3.7, 76.2 ± 5.5 and 148.2 ± 6.2 μg/ml respectively. The essential oil of Lavandula steochas was very active against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria spp. Fractions 1 and 2 were moderately active, however fraction 3 recorded a weak effect against all bacteria’s. The Chloromphenicol antibiotic was very active against all bacteria’s, Gentamycin has expressed average activity against pathogens but the Penicillin has showed poor activity. Our results suggest that essential oils of Lavandula stoechas and fraction 3 demonstrated interesting biological properties that suggest its use as a new potential source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

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