scholarly journals Fruit Battery with Charging Concept for Oil Palm Maturity Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Norhisam Misron ◽  
Nisa Syakirah Kamal Azhar ◽  
Mohd Nizar Hamidon ◽  
Ishak Aris ◽  
Kunihisa Tashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Load Voltage ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Maturity Grade

There are many factors affecting oil extraction rate (OER) but a large contributor to high national OER is by processing good-quality fresh fruit bunches (FFB) at the mills. The current practice for grading oil palm fruit bunches in mills is using human graders for visual inspection, which can lead to repeated mistakes, inconsistent evaluation results, and many other related losses. This study aims to develop a fruit maturity sensor that can detect oil palm fruit maturity grade and send indication to the user whether to accept or reject the bunches. This study focuses on fruit battery principle and applying the charging concept to the fruit battery in order to generate significant load voltage readings of oil palm fruit battery. The charging process resulted in amplified load voltage readings, which were 4 times more sensitive to changes as compared to normal fruit battery without charging process. From the load voltage readings, the fruits can be characterized into their maturity grade based on moisture content. It was determined that fruits with moisture content less than 44% and average load voltage, Vavg, between 20 to 30 mV are considered ripe fruits.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN (JST) DAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA UNTUK KlASIFIKASI KEMATANGAN TBS KELAPA SAWIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Minarni Minarni ◽  
Roni Salumbae ◽  
Zilhan Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches

The clasification of ripeness stages of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) can be done using color parameters. These parameters are often evaluated by human vision, whose degree of accuracy is subjective which can cause doubt in judgement. Automatic clasifications offreshfruit bunches (FFBs) based on color parameters can be done using computer vision. This method is known as a nondestructive, fast and cost effective method. In this research, a MATLAB computer program has been developed which consists of RGB and HSV GUI which is used to record, display, and process FFB image data. The backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) program is also developed which is used to classify the oil palm fruit fresh bunches (FFBs). Samples are fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm varieties of Tenera which comprise of Topaz, Marihat, and Lonsum clones. Each clone composed of three levels of ripeness represented by five fractions. The measurements were started by capturing images of oil palm, extracting RGB and HSV values, calculating weight values from the image database to make anANN program, preparing grid programs for oil palm FFBs, and comparing grading levels of oil palm FFBs using program and by harvester. This program successfully classified oil palm (FFBs) into three categories of ripeness which are unripe (F0 and F1), ripe (F1 and F1) and over ripe (F4 and F5). The RGB and HSV programs successfully classified 79 out of 216 FFBs or 36.57% and 106 out of 216 TBS or 49.07%. Respectively the HSV program is better than RGB program because the representation of HSV color space are more understood by human perception hence can be used in calibration and color comparison.

scholarly journals Segregation of oil palm fruit ripeness using color sensor

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Aiman Mustaffa ◽  
Faiz Arith ◽  
Nurin Izzati Fauzi Peong ◽  
Nurul Rafiqah Jaffar ◽  
Evelyn Larwy Linggie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Segregation Process ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Color Sensors ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Oil Palm Industry ◽  
Palm Fruits

Oil palm is an important industry that has contributed to income and support to the economic sector especially for Malaysia and Indonesia. However, most of the equipment in the oil palm industry is still operated manually. This work developed a system to separate bunches of oil palm fruit using color sensors according to maturity level. Fruit color plays a decisive point in determining fruit maturity. Here, a specific threshold point of red green blue (RGB) was obtained for the determination of the maturity level of oil palm fruit. Point values of < 120, 120 < x < 150 and > 150 represent the maturity levels of unripe, under ripe and ripe, respectively. This paper is the first to report the RGB points for use in the development of automated oil palm segregation system in the oil palm plantation industry. Thus, this paper will pave the way in producing an accurate and reliable oil palm separation system, which in turn has a positive effect in reducing human error. In the future, a set of sensors is proposed to detect a bunch of the oil palm fruits. This further can speed up the segregation process and more suitable for adaptation to the industry.

scholarly journals PENANGANAN HASIL PANENTANDAN BUAH SEGAR KELAPA SAWIT OLEH KOPERASI HARAPAN JAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Munawar Thoharudin ◽  
Fatkhan Amirul Huda ◽  
Tedi Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
The Village ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Cooperative Units

Oil palm is one of the commodities of plantation products which has an important role in economic activities in Indonesia. The existence of the Harapan Jaya cooperative is very helpful for the plasma farmers in the village who are not prosperous. In addition to being able to provide cooperative capital assistance, the role is to ensure that farmers 'harvests are sold every month, while other cooperatives are unable to provide certainty about the sale of farmers' harvested fruits. The aim of this study was to discuss the handling of yields of oil palm fresh fruit bunches by cooperative expectations. The research approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The research was carried out in a village of prosperous hope cooperative units in a village that was not successful. Site selection is determined intentionally. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews and documentation. The variables in this study consisted of mechanisms for handling yields of fresh palm fruit bunches. The data analysis method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the study, information was obtained regarding the problems faced by oil palm farmers, especially in villages that were not successful. The solution to overcome this problem is through 3 mechanisms for supplying fruit-bearing trucks, cooperating with several palm oil mills, selling FFB to factories at high prices, and ensuring that the plantation roads are feasible to pass.

scholarly journals YOUTHS’ INVOLVEMENT IN OIL PALM (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS) FRUIT PROCESSING ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-399
Author(s):  
Julius Olatunde AYINDE ◽  
Michael FAMAKINWA ◽  
Babatunde Opeyemi AKEREDOLU
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Multistage Sampling

This study assessed the youths’ involvement in oil palm fruit processing activities in Ondo State, Nigeria. It described the socio-economic characteristics of youths involved in oil palm fruit processing activities, determined their level of involvement, examined their perception and identified constraints associated with their involvement. Multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 respondents from the study area. Interview schedule was employed to collect relevant data, which was analysed with SPSS software package. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data while inferential statistics were used to draw inference on hypothesis. The results show that majority (63.3%) were male, 95.8% had formal education with a mean age of 27.2 ± 2.7 years. Picking of fresh fruit bunches ( = 2.71), packaging ( = 2.60) and gathering of bunches ( = 2.50) were the major activities youth involved in. Higher percentage (57.9%) of the youth had favourable perception towards involvement in oil palm fruit processing activities. Lack of modern processing facilities ( =3.65) and funds/inadequate credit facilities ( = 3.65) were the prime constraints to their involvement. Number of labour (r = 0.7460; p≤0.01) and income (r = 0.601; p≤0.01) of the respondents were significantly related to youth involvement. The study concluded that youth had moderate involvement in oil palm processing activities. However, agricultural development stakeholders like government should provide adequate and functional credits facilities to these youths to encourage their involvement.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE UTILIZATION OF PALM OIL INDUSTRY LIQUID WASTE

Konversi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
An Nisa Fitria ◽  
Vandhie Satyawira Gunawan ◽  
Mardiah Mardiah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Plantation Crops

Palm oil is one of the plantation crops that have high economic value and is growing rapidly. The wider the area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia, the more palm oil mills will process palm fresh fruit marks and produce waste from processed palm oil, namely solid waste and liquid waste. Each tonne of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) processed at the plant will potentially leave waste of about 23% empty palm oil, 4% wet decanter solid, 6.5% shell, 13% fiber, and 50% liquid waste. This review will discuss the utilization of palm oil mill liquid waste (LCPKS) which is organic material that still contains many benefits such as nutrients, therefore the application of liquid waste is an effort to recycle some of the nutrients (recycling nutrients) which is followed by harvesting fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from oil palm so that it will reduce the cost of fertilization which is classified as very high for oil palm cultivation. During the processing of oil palm fruit into palm oil in the palm oil industry, the remaining process is obtained in the form of liquid waste. If done properly, the liquid waste of the palm oil industry is considerable potential and can increase the added value of waste itself.Keywords: liquid waste industry, palm oil, utilization  

scholarly journals Fruit Battery Method for Oil Palm Fruit Ripeness Sensor and Comparison with Computer Vision Method

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aziana Aliteh ◽  
Kaiko Minakata ◽  
Kunihisa Tashiro ◽  
Hiroyuki Wakiwaka ◽  
Kazuki Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Accuracy Score ◽  
Palm Fruit

Oil palm ripeness’ main evaluation procedure is traditionally accomplished by human vision. However, the dependency on human evaluators to grade the ripeness of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) by traditional means could lead to inaccuracy that can cause a reduction in oil palm fruit oil extraction rate (OER). This paper emphasizes the fruit battery method to distinguish oil palm fruit FFB ripeness stages by determining the value of load resistance voltage and its moisture content resolution. In addition, computer vision using a color feature is tested on the same samples to compare the accuracy score using support vector machine (SVM). The accuracy score results of the fruit battery, computer vision, and a combination of both methods’ accuracy scores are evaluated and compared. When the ripe and unripe samples were tested for load resistance voltage ranging from 10 Ω to 10 kΩ, three resistance values were shortlisted and tested for moisture content resolution evaluation. A 1 kΩ load resistance showed the best moisture content resolution, and the results were used for accuracy score evaluation comparison with computer vision. From the results obtained, the accuracy scores for the combination method are the highest, followed by the fruit battery and computer vision methods.

scholarly journals Triple Flat-Type Inductive-Based Oil Palm Fruit Maturity Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aliteh ◽  
Norhisam Misron ◽  
Ishak Aris ◽  
Roslina Mohd Sidek ◽  
Kunihisa Tashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Flat Type ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
And Shifts

This paper aims to study a triple flat-type air coil inductive sensor that can identify two maturity stages of oil palm fruits, ripe and unripe, based on the resonance frequency and fruitlet capacitance changes. There are two types of triple structure that have been tested, namely Triple I and II. Triple I is a triple series coil with a fixed number of turns (n = 200) with different length, and Triple II is a coil with fixed length (l = 5 mm) and a different number of turns. The peak comparison between Triple I and II is using the coefficient of variation cv, which is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean to express the precision and repeatability of data. As the fruit ripens, the resonance frequency peaks from an inductance–frequency curve and shifts closer to the peak curve of the air, and the fruitlet capacitance decreases. The coefficient of the variation of the inductive oil palm fruit sensor shows that Triple I is smaller and more consistent in comparison with Triple II, for both resonance frequency and fruitlet capacitance. The development of this sensor proves the capability of an inductive element such as a coil, to be used as a sensor so as to determine the ripeness of the oil palm fresh fruit bunch sample.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PENERAPAN STANDAR OPERASIONAL PROSEDUR KARYAWAN PANEN TERHADAP KUALITAS DAN KUANTITAS PANEN TANDAN BUAH SEGAR KELAPA SAWIT (Elaels guineensis jacq) SERTA HANCAK PANEN (Studi Kasus: PT. Sentosa Kalimantan Jaya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Lydia Apria Rosadi ◽  
Rusli Anwar ◽  
Rusmini
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Standard Operating Procedures ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Experience Education ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Observation Method

This research is motivated by the number of oil palm companies that require employees to do work according to standards companies such as harvest employees  who must harvest according to quality ripe fruit and harvest ripe reach the company's target, but in the statement the harvest work does not pay attention to operational standards procedures (SOP) that have been made and implemented in the company, so it is necessary carried out observations of the application of standard operating procedures for employees to harvest fresh fruit bunches (FFB). The objectives of this research are to identify the characteristics of respondents based on age, sex, work experience, education in general and to monitor the implementation of standard operating procedures for harvest employees on the quality and quantity of harvested fresh oil palm fruit bunches and harvest rights.Collecting data related to the implementation of harvest employee SOPs was obtained through the observation method, the interview method, and the documentation method.To analyze this data, data analysis was used in this study collected from research sources using descriptive analysis methods and Likert scale.

scholarly journals Pengaruh perbedaan ukuran polen pada penyerbukan buatan terhadap potensi jumlah buah pada tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jacq.)

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enceng Sobari ◽  
Ahmad Akmal Hasibuan ◽  
M. Subandi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Pollen Size ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Natural Pollination ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Range Test

Sari. Pembentukan buah tanaman kelapa sawit yang menurun berimbas pada produksi tandan buah segar. Hal ini diakibatkan oleh penyerbukan secara alami yang kurang efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan ukuran serbuk sari terhadap potensi jumlah buah dalam satu tandan, persentase keberhasilan pembentukan buah, dan bentuk buah kelapa sawit dengan cara penyerbukan buatan. Metode yang digunakan merupakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan percobaan berupa Rancangan Acak Lengkap, yang terdiri dari 2 perlakuan ukuran serbuk sari dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari ukuran serbuk sari 10 mesh dan 12 mesh. Pengujian lanjut dilakukan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ukuran serbuk sari tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah buah terbentuk dalam satu tandan, tetapi persentase keberhasilan pembentukan buah >80%, dan bentuk buah yang dihasilkan rata-rata buah normal. Ukuran serbuk sari dari saringan 10 dan 12 mesh secara deskriptif lebih kecil serta seragam dibandingkan saringan 2 – 8 mesh.Kata kunci: Kelapa Sawit, Potensi Hasil, Polen, Buah.Abstract. Decline of oil palm fruit sets impacts on the production of fresh fruit bunches (FFB). This is caused by less effective natural pollination. Objective of this research was to determine the effect of pollen size differences by artificial pollination to the potency of number of fruits per bunch, percentage of success fruit sets, and shapes of oil palm fruits. The method used experimental method. Experimental design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of 2 pollen size treatments and 3 replications. The treatment consisted of pollen size of 10 mesh and 12 mesh, then tested by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the application of pollen size did not significantly affect the number of fruits per bunch, but the percentage of success fruit sets was> 80%, and the shape of fruit was normal.  Pollen size from sieves 10 and 12 mesh descriptively homogen and smaller than pollen size from sieves 2 – 8 mesh. Keywords: Palm Oil, Potential Results, Pollen, Fruit.

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