scholarly journals Does the Consumption of Acidified Drinking Water Affect Growth Performance and Lymphoid Organs of Broilers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3093
Author(s):  
Hany M. S. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Elsayed O. S. Hussein ◽  
Abdul Rahman Jar El Nabi ◽  
Ayman A. Swelum ◽  
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Control Group

This study was conducted to compare the effects of single and synergistic organic acids (formic (F) and butyric (B) acids) on the performance and lymphoid organs of broiler chicks. In total, 450 one-day-old ISA JA57 chicks were assigned randomly to nine groups, each of five replicates (10 chicks/replicate): The control group, without added acids; groups 2 and 3, with 0.2% and 0.3% formic acid, respectively; groups 4 and 5, with 0.2% and 0.3% butyric acid, respectively; group 6, with 0.2% formic acid and 0.3% butyric acid; group 7, with 0.2% butyric acid and 0.3% formic acid; groups 8 and 9, with 0.2% butyric and formic acids and 0.3% butyric and formic acids, respectively. The control group received tap water, and other treatment groups received acidified drinking water, as previously described. The results indicated that treatment resulted in a significantly higher (p < 0.05) average live weight and weight gain at four weeks of age than in the control group. Nevertheless, group 7 showed significant decreases in the feed conversion ratio compared with the other treatments between four and five weeks of age. The carcass percentage was highest when B3, F3B2, and B2 were added to the drinking water, whereas control and F2B3 showed lower carcass percentage than the other treatments. At 42 days of age, the addition of organic acids to the drinking water of broilers had significant effects on the bursa of Fabricius and thymus percentages, but no effect on the spleen percentage. Water acidification by F and B alone and in combination did not affect poultry performance. However, it improved the lymphoid organ weight, indicating improved immunity and carcass percentage at 42 days of age.

scholarly journals Effect of organic acids fed through drinking water on carcass and internal organs of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
E. K. Ndelekwute ◽  
H. O. Uzegbu ◽  
K. U. Amaefule ◽  
C. O. Okereke ◽  
B. I. Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Carcass Yield

A Six week study was carried out to investigate effect of different organic acids (OAs) fed through drinking water on carcass yield and internal organs weight of broiler chickens. The OAs were acetic acid (AA) butyric acid (BA), citric acid (CA) and formic acid (FA). One hundred and fifty (150) day old AborAcre-plus chicks were used. There were five treatments. Treatment 1 which served as control (CON) consumed water with no organic acid, while treatments 2,3, 4 and5 respectively were offered drinking water treated with 0.25% acetic acid (AA), butyric acid (BA), citric acid (CA) and formic acid (FA). Each treatment was replicated three times each having 10 birds arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). Feed and water were offered ad libitum. Results showed that dressed carcass weight and breast weight were improved by all the organic acids. While only AA positively influenced the thigh weight, all the OAs drinking water fed resulted to smaller drumstick compared to the CON. Feeding of AA, BA and FA through drinking water increased (PSO.05) deposition of abdominal fat. Weight of pancreas, small intestine, caecum and large intestine was significantly (P<0.05) higher in CON. The gall bladder was significantly (P<0.05) bigger in all the OA groups. Conclusively, OAs could be fed through the drinking water for improved percentage carcass yield, breast meat and larger gall bladder and invariably bile volume

scholarly journals Evaluation of the best vaccination regimen against Gumboro disease, based on the histopathologic lesions of bursa of Fabricius, in broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
B. BOUYIOUKLIS (Π. ΜΠΟΥΓΙΟΥΚΛΗΣ) ◽  
S. LEKKAS (Σ. ΛΕΚΚΑΣ) ◽  
I. GEORGOPOULOU (Ι. ΓΕΩΡΓΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ) ◽  
P. IORDANIDIS (Π. ΙΟΡΔΑΝΙΔΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Strain ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vaccination Regimen ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Gumboro Disease

For the evaluation of the best vaccination regimen against Gumboro disease using the vaccine strain D-78, based on the histopathologic lesions of bursa of Fabricius, 5 groups of experimental animals (A, B, C, D, E) of 15 chicks each were used. The chicks of group Β received the D-78 vaccine strain with the drinking water at the age of 14 days, those of C at the age of 8 and 11 days, and those of D at the age of 8 and 16 days, while the chicks of the other groups (A and E) remained unvaccinated. In the following, the chicks of the A, B, C and D groups were infected with a field strain of Gumboro disease virus, while those of E remained unvaccinated and uninfected as a control group. After 10 days, all chicks were killed and their bursae examined histological. It was established that the histopathologic lesions to the bursae of group C chicks were of a slighter degree than those of all the other challenged groups and therefore the protection to bursa of Fabricius against the disease is better with this vaccination regimen.

scholarly journals Dietary effects of different organic acids on growth and nutrient digestibility of broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
EK Ndelekwute ◽  
GE Enyenihi ◽  
UL Unah ◽  
HC Madu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of organic acids (acetic, butyric, citric and formic acids) on growth and nutrient digestibility of broilers. One hundred fifty (150) day old Hubbard chicks were used. There were five dietary treatments such viz Diet 1 as control contained no organic acid, diets 2, 3, 4, and 5 contained 0.25% acetic, butyric, citric and formic acids, respectively. Each treatment was replicated three times having 10 birds arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). Feed and water were given ad libitum. Feeding of organic acid diets lasted for 7 weeks starting from the second week.  At the starter phase, formic acid improved live weight. Feed and water intakes were significantly (P<0.05) reduced by butyric acid.  Feed: gain ratio was improved by formic acid. At the finisher phase, live weight was significantly (P<0.05) improved by the acids except butyric acid. Feed intake, daily gain and feed: gain ratio were not significant (P>0.05). Crude protein and ether extracts digestibility were improved by all the organic acids (P<0.05). It is therefore concluded that 0.25% formic acid could be added to broiler diets.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (2): 10-17

The use of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard when rearing of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
L. Gamko ◽  
T. Tarinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat

It is known that necessary to replace the components of organic acids, which are part of acidifiers when drinking water to poultry in order to prevent the adaptation of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In the poultry industry organic acids are widely used, which are used as acidifiers to preserve the properties of water consumed. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of broiler meat production when using acidifying agents of drinking water Aquasafe and Veleguard. The experimental part of the work has been performed in JSC “Kurinoe Tsarstvo-Bryansk” broiler area “Roshcha” in the Pochepsky district. The object of research was the livestock of broiler chickens cross Cobb 500 at floor housing. The effect of water acidifiers on meat productivity has been studied. Groups of chickens have been formed on the principle of pairs-analogues. Broiler chickens of experimental groups have been separated from the main livestock by a grid in the corner of the room for 100 heads in each group. It has been found by a result of research to be optimal dose usage of acidifying agents water Aquasafe and Veleguard to drink to broiler chickens. The positive effect of these acidifiers on the digestion of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, contributing to the effective use of nitrogen, which led to an increase in the intensity of growth, young animals’ livability and improved feed conversion. Slaughter yield in the control group was 55,1 %, and in the experimental group 57,2 and 58,4 %, which was by 2,1 and 3,3 % higher with the same level of metabolic energy and nutrients. In chickens that consumed acidifi ers more intensively used nutrients feed for deposition in the body of the components of the carcass, which affected the production. A positive impact of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard on meat quality in broiler chickens has been found.

ORGANIC ACIDS IN FEEDING OF PIGS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND CLINICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
L. A. Nikanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Initial Dosage ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The influence of feed additive "Ormik" consisting of organic acids (formic acid, lactic acid, orthophosphoric acid, acetic acid), as a filler of diatomite crumb, introduced into concentrated fodders, on the biochemical parameters of blood serum of pigs and on productivity is considered in the article. The studied feed additive was added to the feed daily in the form of loose powder, mixing thoroughly. The initial dosage of the feed additive in the 1st week was 1 g/kg of feed, 2nd week and the following – 3 g/kg of feed. The average daily gain in the live weight of pigs in the experimental group was 11,0% higher than the control group. The animals of the experimental group were less sick and the safety of this group was 100%, in the control group it was 90%.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens (Cobb 500) Feed on Different Level of Organic Acids Inclusion in Diet at Parwanipur

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
A. K. Jha ◽  
Md. H. Azad ◽  
Md.S. N. Ali ◽  
P. Alam ◽  
N. Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Significant Difference

 An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different level of organic acids on productive traits, carcass yields and body parts (Thigh, Back, Neck, wings and Breast) of broiler chicken. This experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara for 41 days to test the effect of organic acids inclusion in broiler feed and its effect on growth performance and carcass study. Altogether 225 day old Cobb-500 broiler birds were procured from Shivam Hatchery, Birgung and divided into 5 treatments with 3 replications (15 birds in each replication) by using completely randomized design. Concentrate feed was purchased from Posak Feed industry, Birgung. Control group (T1) was feed without organic acid inclusion and whereas T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups were fed concentrate mixture mixed with different combination of organic acids @ 400ml/ per 100 kg feed, respectively. Experimental birds were provided adlib amount of grower feed (B1) for 21 days and that after finisher feed (B3) for 20 days and had easily access to drinking water. Feed intake was recorded daily and body weight gain was measured in 7 days interval. Experiment revealed that highest weight gain was observed in T2 (2.6 kg) followed by T3 (2.5) where combination of organic acids were formic acid 65% + propionic acid 35% and formic acid 65% and citric acid 35%, respectively, however, it was not significant among diet groups. From every treatment group each birds were selected for carcass and body parts study. The study showed significant difference (P<0.5) in carcass quantity and body parts of the birds between the treatment groups. The dressing percentage of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were 68.96%, 67.87%, 70.38%, 69.88% and 69.67% respectively. Experiment suggested that further study should be carried out to precise the appropriate level of organic acids inclusion and higher cost benefit ratio.

scholarly journals Reduction of the oestrogenic effect of zearalenone in pigs by a feed additive

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endre Brydl ◽  
András Ványi ◽  
Róbert Glávits ◽  
László Könyves ◽  
Pál Rafai
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Large White ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes

Zearalenone is phenolic resorcyclic acid lactone produced by a number of Fusarium species grown on grains, predominantly on maize, in high moisture environment. Due to its oestrogenic effects, feeds contaminated with zearalenone can cause striking negative effects on reproduction primarily in pigs. The aim of the study was to test the efficiency of a feed additive developed for enzymatic decomposition of mycotoxins. A total of sixty 6-week-old conventional Dutch Landrace × Hungarian Large White F1 female pigs weaned at 30 ± 2 days of age were divided into 6 groups of 10 animals. Between 50 and 70 days of age, 4 groups of pigs (experimental) were treated with zearalenone (8 or 16 mg/pig dose) administered every other day via an oesophageal tube; pigs from the other two groups were not treated with zearalenone and served as controls. Throughout the experiment, the diet of two experimental groups and one control group was supplemented with a feed additive (named: Detoxa Plus) at a concentration of 1 kg/tonne; pigs from the other control group received neither zearalenone treatment, nor the feed additive. Pigs’ live weight, weight of ovaries and uterus, histological characteristics of the ovaries, uterus, vagina, spleen and lymph nodes, liver concentrations of zearalenone and its metabolites (α- and β-zearalenol) were studied. This study showed the preventive capacity of the feed additive against zearalenone. Positive effects included the prevention of uterine enlargement, beneficial effects on the histopathological scores of ovaries, uterus and vagina and reduced concentration of zearalenone and metabolites in the liver. This study demonstrates for the first time that due to its enzymatic activity Detoxa Plus renders zearalenone contaminated feeds less toxic.

Cortisol decreases 2[125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in the duck thymu

1994 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMS Poon ◽  
ZM Liu ◽  
F Tang ◽  
SF Pang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Adrenal Steroids

Poon AMS, Liu ZM, Tang F, Pang SF. Cortisol decreases 2[125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in the duck thymus. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;130:320–4. ISSN 0804–4643 The immunosuppressive effect of chronic glucocorticoid treatment on 2[125I]iodomelatonin binding in the duck thymus was studied. Two-week-old ducks were injected intraperitoneally with either 1 mg of cortisol per day (experimental group) or an equivalent volume of vehicle (control group) in the middle of the light period for 7 days. 2[125I]Iodomelatonin binding assays were performed on thymic membranes. Cortisol injection reduced the body weight gain, size of the bursa of Fabricius and absolute weights of the primary lymphoid organs but had no effect on the spleen weights. The relative weights of the spleen were increased while those of the primary lymphoid organs were unchanged. The density of the thymus 2[125I]iodomelatonin binding sites was decreased while the affinity was not affected. The modulation of the thymic 2[125I]iodomelatonin binding sites by changes in the immune status of the duck suggests that these binding sites represent physiologically relevant melatonin receptors and that melatonin exerts its action on the lymphoid tissues directly. Our findings support the hypothesis that the thymus is the target site for the immunomodulatory interactions between the pineal melatonin and the adrenal steroids. A possible inhibitory influence of adrenal steroids on the immuno-enhancing effect of melatonin is also suggested. AMS Poon, University of Hong Kong, 5 Sassoon Rd, Hong Kong

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Boiling and Filtering Devices on the Concentration of Disinfection By-Products in Tap Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glòria Carrasco-Turigas ◽  
Cristina M. Villanueva ◽  
Fernando Goñi ◽  
Panu Rantakokko ◽  
Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Large Decrease ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
By Products

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are ubiquitous contaminants in tap drinking water with the potential to produce adverse health effects. Filtering and boiling tap water can lead to changes in the DBP concentrations and modify the exposure through ingestion. Changes in the concentration of 4 individual trihalomethanes (THM4) (chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM)), MX, and bromate were tested when boiling and filtering high bromine-containing tap water from Barcelona. For filtering, we used a pitcher-type filter and a household reverse osmosis filter; for boiling, an electric kettle, a saucepan, and a microwave were used. Samples were taken before and after each treatment to determine the change in the DBP concentration. pH, conductivity, and free/total chlorine were also measured. A large decrease of THM4 (from 48% to 97%) and MX concentrations was observed for all experiments. Bromine-containing trihalomethanes were mostly eliminated when filtering while chloroform when boiling. There was a large decrease in the concentration of bromate with reverse osmosis, but there was a little effect in the other experiments. These findings suggest that the exposure to THM4 and MX through ingestion is reduced when using these household appliances, while the decrease of bromate is device dependent. This needs to be considered in the exposure assessment of the epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Oil Ameliorate Histological and Ultrastructural Alterations Induced by Cadmium Chloride in Rats Testis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Treefa F. Ismail ◽  
Falah M. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations

Cadmium (Cd) is considered to be one of the major environmental pollutants which have potential threat to human health. Reports of declining male fertility have renewed interest in the role of environmental and occupational exposures in the etiology of human infertility. Cd exposure led to obvious degenerative changes in testicular tissue. This study was performed to investigate the Cd-induced structural effects on the testes and to evaluate the possible protective effect of omega-3 oil in adult albino rats. Thirty adult male rats were used in the present work, divided randomly into five groups, six rats in each group; the first group was considered as a control group and left without treatment except the standard rat chow and tap water. The second group was given 40 mg/L of CdCl2 in drinking water while the third group was given 60 mg/L of CdCl2 in drinking water. The fourth group was given 40 mg/L of CdCl2 in drinking water plus omega-3 oil (4 g/kg diet), while the fifth group was given 60 mg/L of CdCl2 in drinking water plus omega-3 oil (4 g/kg diet), the Cd-treated rats showed dose-dependent histological and ultrastructural alterations which have been ameliorated after exposure to omega-3 oil. The present investigation concluded that omega-3 played a protective role against Cd-induced histopathological changes in rat testis.

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