scholarly journals Impact of Aging and Underemployment on Income Disparity between Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Households

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11737
Author(s):  
Joohun Han ◽  
Chanjin Chung
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Income Disparity ◽  
Agricultural Households ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Policy Simulations ◽  
Household Panel Data

This paper examines how aging and underemployment affect household income and household income disparity between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. Our study uses household panel data from South Korea for the period 2009–2016, which include, on average, 6721 representative households each year. A three-step regression analysis was conducted to estimate the aging and underemployment effects on household income and the income disparity between agricultural and non-agricultural households. First, we estimate aging and underemployment effects on household income from all households using a year fixed-effect longitudinal model. Second, our study investigates whether the marginal effect of aging and underemployment on household income differs between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. Finally, we simulate the estimated model to illustrate how government policies could help reduce the income disparity. Our results show that aging and underemployment affect household income negatively overall. The negative marginal effect of the two factors was greater in the agricultural sector than in the non-agricultural sector. Results from policy simulations suggest that the implementation of proper government policies to address aging and underemployment problems in agricultural households could significantly reduce the income disparity between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.

Brothers or others in arms? Civilian constituencies and rebel fragmentation in civil war

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S Mosinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cross National

Why do united rebel fronts emerge in some insurgencies, while in other insurgencies multiple rebel groups mobilize independently to challenge the state, and often, each other? I develop a diffusion model of rebel fragmentation in which participation in rebellion spreads, completely or incompletely, through networks of civilians and dissidents. Using this theoretical framework I hypothesize that two factors jointly determine whether a rebel movement remains unified or fragments: the rebels’ investment in civilian mobilization, and the overall level of civilian grievances. The theory predicts that widely shared grievances motivate the formation of many small dissident groups willing to challenge the regime. Given the difficulty of collective action between disparate opposition actors, an emerging rebel movement will tend towards fragmentation when popular grievances are high. Yet extremely high civilian grievances can also help rebels activate broad, overlapping civilian social networks that serve to bridge together dissident groups. Mass-mobilizing rebel groups, benefiting from the participation of broad civilian networks, are most likely to forge and maintain a unified rebel front. I test this theory alongside several alternatives drawn from cross-national studies of conflict using regression analysis. The quantitative evidence lends considerable credence to the role of rebel constituencies in preventing or fomenting rebel fragmentation.

Analyzing taxpayer support for the Krasnodar Krai's agricultural sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1457-1476
Author(s):  
Valentina L. ZAZIMKO ◽  
Nadezhda V. SEDYKH
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Budget Support ◽  
The Government

Subject. This article analyzes the implementation of the government programme of the Krasnodar Krai, Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food. Objectives. The article aims to assess the measures of budget support for the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Krai. Methods. For the study, we used a correlation and regression analysis of official statistics. Results. The article finds that the government programme of the Krasnodar Krai, Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food has a positive impact on the progress of production in the agriculture of the region, but it does not contribute to the growth of investment in the industry. Conclusions. It is necessary to move from targeted support for individual agricultural producers to the creation of a modern sectoral infrastructure.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF WOMEN'S LABOR IN RURAL HOUSEHOLDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Sherzod Turobov ◽  
◽  
Bakhriddin Fakhriddinov
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Women’S Entrepreneurship ◽  
Women's Entrepreneurship ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Family Entrepreneurship

The article reveals the development of women's entrepreneurship by increasing the activity of households in agriculture, the main directions of entrepreneurial activity and the role of entrepreneurship in increasing household income. Government policies, lending and incentives are discussed with the aim of expanding home entrepreneurship. The level of concessional loans provided to households by the central bank and commercial banks is considered in detail. Recommendations are given on the effective use of female labor in rural entrepreneurship.Keywords: women's labor, women's entrepreneurship, home business, entrepreneurship, subsidiary farming, agriculture, gender equality, citizens' gathering, income, personal household plots, employment, crediting, subsidies, family entrepreneurship

scholarly journals Building a House Prices Forecasting Model in Hong Kong

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Xin Janet ◽  
Ka-Chi Lam
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Household Income ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Land Supply ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

This paper builds a house prices forecasting model for private residential houses in HongKong, based on general macroeconomic indicators, housing related data and demographicfactors for the period of 1980 to 2001. A reduce form economic model has been derivedfrom a multiple regression analysis where three sets and eight models were derived foranalysis and comparison. It is found that household income, land supply, population andmovements in the Hang Seng Index play an important role in explaining house pricemovements in Hong Kong. In addition, political events, as identified, cannot be ignored.However, the results of the models are unstable. It is suggested that the OLS may nota best method for house prices model in Hong Kong situation. Alternative methods aresuggested.

scholarly journals PENGARUH OPERATING CAPACITY, SALES GROWTH DAN ARUS KAS OPERASI TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annisa Livia Ramadhani ◽  
Khairun Nisa
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
Operating Capacity ◽  
Operating Cash Flows

This study aims to determine how the influence of operating capacity, sales growth and operating cash flows on financial distress. The population in this study israll agricultural sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013-2017. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling which produced 8 samples in a period of 5 years, namely as many as 40 units of data samples. The analytical method used is logistic �regression analysis which is processed. using SPSS Version 25. Based on the results of this study, it was found that simultaneous operating capacity, sales growth and operating cash flows influence the occurrence of financial distress. Then partially, operating capacity and sales growth have no effect on the occurrence of financial distress, while operating cash flows have a positive and significant effect on the occurrence of financial distress.�Keyword : Financial Distress, Operating capacity, Sales growth, Operation cash flow.

scholarly journals Income situation of agricultural households of EU countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Antošová ◽  
Naďa Hazuchová ◽  
Jana Stávková
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Agricultural Household ◽  
Agricultural Households ◽  
The Common

One of objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy is to ensure an appropriate living standard for agricultural households. The paper uses EU-Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data to assess the income situation and living conditions of agricultural households. The agricultural household income does not reach the average household income in any of the EU countries. Multidimensional cluster analysis is applied to classify EU countries according to the income situation of agricultural households. The cluster analysis revealed five segments and the fact that living conditions at a satisfactory level can be achieved irrespective of the economic status of the agricultural household, although it depends on an appropriate setting of agricultural policy. The index of living conditions is constructed and used for the comparison. Based on the analysis results, the variables included in the assessment of the living standard of agricultural households should be taken into account when fulfilling the objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy, especially the part that relates to improving the living conditions of agricultural households. The current EU-SILC database is appropriate for the evaluation of the household income situation. However, it does not reflect the specifics of agricultural households, so additional measurement is needed.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Panen Kelapa Sawit Di Kebun Batee Puteh PT. Agro Sinergi Nusantara

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Arham Arham ◽  
Edy Marsudi ◽  
Azhar Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Household Income

Abstrak. Produktivitas tenaga kerja memegang peranan penting pada perusahaan kelapa sawit,penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar jumlah tanggungan keluarga,pendapatan total rumah tangga, premi, umur dan pengalaman mempengaruhi produktivitastenaga kerja panen kelapa sawit di Kebun Batee Puteh PT. Agro Sinergi Nusantara (ASN).Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan metode proportional random sampling dari 7 afdeling diKebun Batee Puteh PT. ASN dengan jumlah populasi 157 orang diambil 20% per afdeling jaditotal sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 32 orang. Teknik analisis yang digunakan padapenelitian ini adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsialjumlah tanggungan keluarga, pendapatan total rumah tangga dan premi berpengaruh secarasignifikan terhadap prosuktivitas tenaga kerja panen kelapa sawit di Kebun Batee Puteh PT.ASN.Kata Kunci : Produktivitas tenaga kerja, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, pendapatan total rumahtangga, premi, umur, pengalaman.Abstract. Labor productivity plays an important role in palm oil companies, this study aims tofind out how big the number of family dependents, total household income, premiums, age andexperience affect the productivity of palm oil harvest work in Kebun Batee Puteh PT. AgroSinergi Nusantara (ASN). Method that used to take sample is proportional random samplingmethod from 7 afdeling at Kebun Batee Puteh PT. ASN with a population of 157 people taken20% each afdeling so the total sample in this study 32 people. The analysis technique used inthis research is multiple regression analysis. The results showed partially the number of familydependents, the total income of households and premiums significantly influence theprocurement of labor harvest of palm oil in Kebun Batee Puteh PT. ASN.

The Historical Evolution of Alternative Metrics for Developing Countries’ Food and Agriculture Policy Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Tim Josling
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Equilibrium Models ◽  
Policy Assessment ◽  
General Equilibrium Models

The demand for quantitative assessments of the impacts of food and agricultural policies has grown steadily in the past four decades. From the application of social cost-benefit analysis to investments in developing countries in the 1970s to the use of increasingly sophisticated general equilibrium models today, the menu of available techniques for policy assessment has expanded rapidly. In addition, both partial and general equilibrium models have been developed to analyze world markets for agricultural commodities and the effects of government policies on such markets. Alongside the modeling of markets and the quantitative impact of policies, several indicators have been developed that build on trade policy measures, including effective protection and tariff equivalents. One example is the producer subsidy equivalent. This has been used by the OECD to estimate the level of support provided by government policies to the agricultural sector. The indicators have more recently been applied to developing countries as a form of benchmarking to give a snapshot of the transfers among stakeholders inherent in such policies.

scholarly journals Government Policies To Improve Tobacco Farmers Business Results

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Hezron Sabar Rotua Tinambunan ◽  
Hananto Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Business Results ◽  
Banking Institutions

Warehouse Receipt System suggest the potential that can be utilized on the implementation of the Warehouse Receipt System primarily in support of the financing, the minimization of price fluctuations, increase farmers’ income, credit mobilization, improvement of product quality and so on. However, implementation of warehouse receipt system in the agricultural sector is still faced a number of obstacles including transaction costs, inconsistencies in the quantity and quality of agricultural products, the lack of support banking institutions, and the still weak farmer institutions. With institutional farmers are not organized properly, the rules of the warehouse receipt system is still seen as too complicated so that the necessary simplification of procedures so that the warehouse receipt system could be used by farmers. In addition, the socialization of the Warehouse Receipt System and conducive government policy support will be an important factor so that the warehouse receipt system can be implemented optimally.

scholarly journals Can Access to Social Facility Help Poverty Reduction in Agricultural Sector? Evidence from Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arsyad ◽  
Yoshio Kawamura ◽  
Syarifuddin Yusuf ◽  
Muh. Hatta Jamil ◽  
Andi Nuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Public Health Center

Poverty in agricultural sector is still becomes a serious issue in developing country, and Indonesia is no exception. Our previous study was focusing on poverty and income (income poverty). This paper, however, deals with a substantive question, can access to social facility (non-income) help poverty reduction in agriculture? The study (also) utilized previous model of Dimensionality Test, Factor and Path Analysis to answer the question. The results show that the higher government transfer source income in terms of Social safety Net Program, the more money for smallholders will be. This leads us to argue that transfer income from the government to the smallholder community can be still considered in maintaining smallholders’ daily life, means helping them move out poverty. The better access to social services such as primary public health center (called PUSKESMAS), clean water supplied by PDAM (Local Government Division for Drinking Water Affairs) and secondary school is, the higher the household income will be. Thus, if PUSKESMAS, primary and secondary schools as well as clean water sources are nearer, the less time and money will be spent to travel, then the more household income at hand will be saved. In other words, distance and degree of utilization appear to be a crucial part of these interpretations above. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that the better the access to social services such as public health center, schools and public clean water, the more household income will be and in turn it will alleviate the poverty of smallholders. It is clear that providing better access to social facility can help poverty reduction in agricultural sector.

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