scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF THE PERFORMANCE COEFFICIENT ON THE AVERAGE HARMONIC DIAMETER OF POLYURETHANE FOAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Л. Сулейманова ◽  
Lyudmila Suleymanova ◽  
А. Кочерженко ◽  
A. Kocherzhenko ◽  
И. Рябчевский ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Composition Properties

Currently in Russia, great importance is attached to actual issues of energy saving and energy efficiency in construction. Valid regulations require addressing issues related to improving the energy efficiency of buildings. The development and manufacture of new types of effective thermal insulation materials is one of the ways to solve assigned tasks. The use of industrial waste from mining and processing plants as a filler for polyurethane foam is considered in this paper. Samples from the filtration field of the tailings of Stoilensky GOK from various sites are taken as the studied raw materials; their granulometric, chemical compositions and harmonic diameters of the filler particles are determined. According to the calculation results, the dependence of the foaming coefficient on the average harmonic diameter of the filler is determined. The experiment-planning matrix is developed; according to its results, mathematical models are constructed for the dependence of the foaming coefficient of laboratory samples of polyurethane foam filled with tails. Three tail zones based on the results of sampling are considered. Analyzing the obtained results, a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the influence of each factor individually and their combination on the change in the “composition - properties” system is derived.

Identification of antibiotics in meat. Flow cytometry capabilities

Vsyo o myase ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Zayko E.V. ◽  
◽  
Kuznetsova O.A. ◽  
Bataeva D.S. ◽  
Grudistova M.A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Flow Cytometer ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Meat Samples

The problem of the uncontrolled use of antibiotics currently remains unresolved. Step-by-step monitoring of meat using modern methods will reduce the risk of using contaminated meat raw materials for food production. Qualitative monitoring will identify samples containing residual antimicrobial substances. The use of methods for identifying groups of antibiotics will help narrow the search for antibiotics by expensive chromatographic methods. A study was carried out of beef, pork and poultry meat, which is used in meat processing plants in the production of raw smoked sausages, using two methods. At the first stage, using a qualitative microbiological method, the raw meat was evaluated for the presence of antimicrobial substances, then their group was determined using a NovoCyte flow cytometer. According to the results of a study on a flow cytometer, it was found that out of 10 groups of antibiotics that can be determined by the tested method, the group of lincosamides was not found in all meat samples. The most common groups of chemotherapy drugs in pork were sulfonamides – 29.6 %, tetracycline group – 18.5 % and beta-lactams – 14.8 %, and in beef aminoglycosides – 36.7 %, phenicols – 30 % and beta-lactams – 13.3 %. In poultry meat samples, the most common were sulfonamides – 23.2 %, fenicols – 23.2 %, and beta-lactams – 16 %. Five groups of antibiotics were found in all studied types of meat: fenicols, β-lactams, macrolides, polypeptide antibiotics, and quinolones. This indicates their widespread use in animal husbandry and poultry farming.

Crush Response of Polyurethane Foam-Filled Aluminium Tube Subjected to Axial Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chawalit Thinvongpituk ◽  
Nirut Onsalung
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Asymmetric Mode ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Collapse Mode ◽  
Empty Tube ◽  
Foam Filled

In this paper, the experimental investigation of polyurethane (PU) foam-filled into circular aluminum tubes subjected to axial crushing was presented. The purpose of this study is to improve the energy absorption of aluminium tube under axial quasi-static load. The aluminium tube was made from the AA6063-T5 aluminium alloy tubes. Each tube was filled with polyurethane foam. The density of foam was varied from 100, 150 and 200 kg/mP3P including with empty tube. The range of diameter/thickness (D/t) ratio of tube was varied from 15-55. The specimen were tested by quasi-static axial load with crush speed of 50 mm/min using the 2,000 kN universal testing machine. The load-displacement curves while testing were recorded for calculation. The mode of collapse of each specimen was analyzed concerning on foam density and the influence of D/t ratio. The results revealed that the tube with foam-filled provided significantly increment of the energy absorption than that of the empty tube. While the density of foam and D/t ratios increase, the tendency of collapse mode is transformed from asymmetric mode to concertina mode.

Effect of Mineral Fillers on the Polyurethane Foam Performance Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Ludmila A. Suleymanova ◽  
Inna A. Pogorelova ◽  
Andrey V. Kocherzhenko ◽  
Igor S. Ryabchevsky
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
Foam Filling ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ferruginous Quartzites

The authors investigated the possibility of increasing the basic operational properties of polyurethane foam by introducing such mineral fillers as clay, loam, sand, and others, including man-made ones. For the first time polyurethane foam filling with industrial waste from mining and processing plants, in particular, wet magnetic separation of ferruginous quartzites (hereinafter - tailings) was proposed. The resulting insulating composites with improved performance properties will expand the use range of the material in construction.

scholarly journals Phase evolution, characterisation, and performance of cement prepared in an oxy-fuel atmosphere

2016 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liya Zheng ◽  
Thomas P. Hills ◽  
Paul Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Phase And Elemental Compositions

Cement manufacture is one of the major contributors (7–10%) to global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been identified as a vital technology for decarbonising the sector. Oxy-fuel combustion, involving burning fuel in a mixture of recycled CO2 and pure O2 instead of air, makes CO2 capture much easier. Since it combines a theoretically lower energy penalty with an increase in production, it is attractive as a CCS technology in cement plants. However, it is necessary to demonstrate that changes in the clinkering atmosphere do not reduce the quality of the clinker produced. Clinkers were successfully produced in an oxy-fuel atmosphere using only pure oxides as raw materials as well as a mixture of oxides and clay. Then, CEM I cements were prepared by the addition of 5 wt% gypsum to the clinkers. Quantitative XRD and XRF were used to obtain the phase and elemental compositions of the clinkers. The particle size distribution and compressive strength of the cements at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days' ages were tested, and the effect of the particle size distribution on the compressive strength was investigated. Additionally, the compressive strength of the cements produced in oxy-fuel atmospheres was compared with those of the cement produced in air and commercially available CEMEX CEM I. The results show that good-quality cement can be successfully produced in an oxy-fuel atmosphere and it has similar phase and chemical compositions to CEM I. Additionally, it has a comparable compressive strength to the cement produced in air and to commercially available CEMEX CEM I.

scholarly journals Palm Olein as Renewable Raw Materials for Industrial and Pharmaceutical Products Applications: Chemical Characterization and Physicochemical Properties Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darfizzi Derawi ◽  
Bashar Mudhaffar Abdullah ◽  
Hasniza Zaman Huri ◽  
Rahimi M. Yusop ◽  
Jumat Salimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Modification Process

Palm olein (POo) is widely produced as edible oil in tropical countries. POois considered as renewable raw material for the new industrial and pharmaceutical products synthesis based on its characterization. Palm olein was good on its viscosity index, oxidative stability, and flash and fire point. POocontained unsaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs): POO (33.3%); POP (29.6%) which plays an important role in chemical modification process to produce new industrial products. The double bond was detected on1H-NMR (5.3 ppm) and13C-NMR (130 ppm) spectra. The chemical compositions of POowere tested by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) techniques. This unsaturated oil is potentially to be used as renewable raw materials in chemical modification process to synthesise polyols, polyurethane, and biolubricant for industrial and pharmaceutical products application.

scholarly journals Aromatic Profiles of Essential Oils from Five Commonly Used Thai Basils

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibet Tangpao ◽  
Hsiao-Hang Chung ◽  
Sarana Sommano
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ocimum Species ◽  
Holy Basil

The research objectives of this study are to analyse the volatile compositions of different basil types available in Thai markets and to descriptively determine their aromatic qualities. Essential oils were hydro-distillated from fresh leaves of two Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) varieties namely, white and red and other basil species, including Tree basil (O. gratissimum), Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum), and Lemon basil (O. citriodorum). Oil physiochemical characteristics and volatile chromatograms from Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the chemical compositions. Estragole, eugenol, and methyl eugenol were among the major volatiles found in the essential oils of these basil types. Classification by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) advised that these Ocimum spp. samples are grouped based on either the distinctive anise, citrus aroma (estragole, geranial and neral), or spice-like aroma (methyl eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and α-cubebene). The essential oils were also used for descriptive sensorial determination by five semi-trained panellists, using the following developed terms: anise, citrus, herb, spice, sweet, and woody. The panellists were able to differentiate essential oils of white Holy basil from red Holy basil based on the intensity of the anisic attribute, while the anise and citrus scents were detected as dominant in the Lemon basil, Tree basil, and Thai basil essential oils. The overall benefit from this research was the elucidation of aromatic qualities from Thai common Ocimum species in order to assess their potential as the raw materials for new food products.

Utilization of open pit burned household waste ash – a feasibility study in Dhaka

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-405
Author(s):  
Md. Obaidul Haque ◽  
Ahmed Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Muffle Furnace ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Peripheral Area

Informal incineration or open pit burning of waste materials is a common practice in the peripheral area of Dhaka, one of the fastest growing mega-cities in the world. This study deals with the effect of open pit burned (i.e. open burned) household waste bottom ash on fired clay bricks. Between 0 to 50% (by weight) of open pit burned household waste bottom ash was mixed with clay to make bricks. The molded specimens were air-dried at room temperature for 24 h and then oven dried at 100 °C for another 24 h to remove the water. The raw bricks were fired in a muffle furnace to a designated temperature (800, 900 and 1000 °C, respectively). The firing behaviour (mechanical strength, water absorption and shrinkage) was determined. The microstructures, phase compositions and leachates were evaluated for bricks manufactured at different firing temperatures. These results demonstrate that open pit burned ash can be recycled in clay bricks. This study also presents physical observations of the incinerated ash particles and determination of the chemical compositions of the raw materials by wet analysis. Open pit burned ash can be introduced easily into bricks up to 20% wt. The concentrations of hazardous components in the leachates were below the standard threshold for inert waste category landfill and their environmental risk during their use-life step can be considered negligible.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF JET MIXERS FORPREPARATION OF RAW MATERIALS FOR PRIMARY PROCESSING PLANTS OIL REFINING

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (68) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
A. Gumerov ◽  
G. Sidorov ◽  
R. Musaeva
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Propeller Blades

In the oil and gas industry, bottom sediments are deposited in reservoirs, which reduce the efficiency of oil refining. The optimal yield of light oil products during primary oil refining was considered. To achieve high energy efficiency, it is necessary to compound the oil in the tank using agitators. The available propeller agitators are considered, and their shortcomings are revealed. The disadvantages include: high repair costs, the presence of an electric motor that increases the fire hazard of production, the occurrence of axial loads as a result of rotation and clogging of impurities in the propeller blades. A jet mixer can compensate for the disadvantages of propeller agitators. The simulation was performed using the ANSYS CFX software package. Models have been developed for: cyclic mixing; mixing with a propeller agitator; mixing with a jet agitator. A strength calculation was performed with the ANSYS-Static Structural module with imported data from ANSYS CFX for the propeller and jet agitator. It is revealed that the jet mixer, with its simple design and operation in comparison with other compounding methods, allows to achieve better mixing and lower loads on the tank.

scholarly journals Impact of Simulated Biogas Compositions (CH4 and CO2) on Vibration, Sound Pressure and Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7037
Author(s):  
Donatas Kriaučiūnas ◽  
Tadas Žvirblis ◽  
Kristina Kilikevičienė ◽  
Artūras Kilikevičius ◽  
Jonas Matijošius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Positive Correlation

Biogas has increasingly been used as an alternative to fossil fuels in the world due to a number of factors, including the availability of raw materials, extensive resources, relatively cheap production and sufficient energy efficiency in internal combustion engines. Tightening environmental and renewable energy requirements create excellent prospects for biogas (BG) as a fuel. A study was conducted on a 1.6-L spark ignition (SI) engine (HR16DE), testing simulated biogas with different methane and carbon dioxide contents (100CH4, 80CH4_20CO2, 60CH4_40CO2, and 50CH4_50CO2) as fuel. The rate of heat release (ROHR) was calculated for each fuel. Vibration acceleration time, sound pressure and spectrum characteristics were also analyzed. The results of the study revealed which vibration of the engine correlates with combustion intensity, which is directly related to the main measure of engine energy efficiency—break thermal efficiency (BTE). Increasing vibrations have a negative correlation with carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, but a positive correlation with nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Sound pressure also relates to the combustion process, but, in contrast to vibration, had a negative correlation with BTE and NOx, and a positive correlation with emissions of incomplete combustion products (CO, HC).

scholarly journals Problems of a Transport Complex of Mining and Processing Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 02034
Author(s):  
Alla Semykina ◽  
Nikolay Zagorodniy ◽  
Yuliya Fomenko ◽  
Alexey Konev
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rational System ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Transport Complex

The article considers problems of a transport complex of mining and processing plants. Requirements for quarry transport are presented. The production process and technological operations of the transportation process are considered. The ways of solving the problems of the transportation process are determined. It is established that when creating a rational system for transporting iron ore raw materials, it is possible to reduce material costs and losses during transportation.

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