scholarly journals Examination of Physiological Changes Seen in Workers Using Breathing Masks During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Hasan Sultanoğlu ◽  
Mustafa Boğan ◽  
Tuba Erdem Sultanoğlu ◽  
Hasan Baki Altınsoy
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Saturation Pulse ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: There are very few studies in the literature evaluating the effects of mask use on physiological parameters. Objectives: This study aims to examine physiological changes due to masks in healthcare workers who use respiratory masks for long hours in the emergency room during the pandemic process. Methods: Cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out with healthcare professionals with an FFP2 type valve mask. The participants’ transcutaneous oxygen saturation, pulse, and respiratory rate were measured before wearing the respirator mask and at 30 and 60 minutes after wearing the mask. Results: SPO2 values of the participants decreased gradually at 0th, 30th, and 60th minutes and respiratory rate increased gradually at 0th, 30th, and 60th minutes. The statistically significant difference arises from the 0 and 60 minutes values. Higher SPO2 values were found at 0 and 30 minutes in non-smokers. SPO2 value gradually decreased in non-smokers at 0, 30, and 60 minutes, but no significant decrease was observed in non-smokers. Pulse rate was found to be higher at 60th minute compared to 0th minute in non-smokers. No significant difference was found between smokers and non-smokers. The respiratory rate gradually increased in smokers at 0th, 30th, and 60th minutes. SPO2 values were lower at the 60th minute compared to the 0th minute in both women and men. There was no significant difference in pulse rates. Respiratory rate was found to be higher at 60th minute in men than at 0th minute. Conclusion: It is recommended to follow the physiological parameters and to regulate the working conditions when necessary.

scholarly journals Burnout of Healthcare Workers amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2434
Author(s):  
Yoshito Nishimura ◽  
Tomoko Miyoshi ◽  
Hideharu Hagiya ◽  
Yoshinori Kosaki ◽  
Fumio Otsuka
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has drastically changed how we live and work. Amid the prolonged pandemic, burnout of the frontline healthcare professionals has become a significant concern. We conducted a cross-sectional survey study to provide data about the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the prevalence of burnout in healthcare professionals in Japan. Healthcare workers in a single Japanese national university hospital participated in the survey, including basic demographics, whether a participant engaged in care of COVID-19 patients in the past 2 weeks and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Of those, 25.4% fully answered the survey; 33.3% were doctors and 63.6% were nurses, and 36.3% engaged in care of COVID-19 patients in the past 2 weeks. Compared to those belonging to General Medicine, those in Emergency Intensive Care Unit were at higher risk of burnout (odds ratio (OR), 6.7; 95% CI, 1.1–42.1; p = 0.031). Of those who engaged in care of COVID-19 patients, 50% reported burnout while 6.1% did not (OR 8.5, 95% CI; 1.3–54.1; p = 0.014). The burnout of healthcare workers is a significant concern amid the pandemic, which needs to be addressed for sustainable healthcare delivery.

A SURVEY TO ASSESS KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS COVID-19 AMONGST NHS HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT A TERTIARY HEALTH BOARD IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Poorwa Roy ◽  
Praveen Davuluri ◽  
Nandini Roy
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
High Knowledge

Background and aim: The world is currently facing a public health emergency in the form of COVID-19 pandemic. United Kingdom conrmed it's initial cases in February 2020 and since then the NHS (National Health Services) and its healthcare workers have been working diligently to ght this pandemic facing unprecedented challenges. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) survey was conducted using a questionnaire among healthcare professionals belonging to an NHS University Health Board in Wales, UK. The responses were assessed and relevant statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: Atotal of 208 frontline NHS Workers participated in the study. Mean knowledge score in the study was 87.83%. Majority (67.79%) of the participants had a high knowledge score. Knowledge scores were found to have a positive association with age. The general attitude among the participants was found to be optimistic with a mean attitude score of 69.87%. Practices varied amongst the participants with 77.5% reporting regular use of the mask at work. Conclusion: This study reects that majority of healthcare professionals had a sound knowledge and understanding about the pandemic with an optimistic attitude towards its control. Majority of them have been implementing safe practices at workplace.

Study on Comparison Between Lignocaine and Lignocaine-Xylazine on Caudal Epidural Injection on Fogera Breed Cow in Gondar University Dairy Farm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endalkachew hailu ◽  
Gashaw Kasse
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Caudal Epidural

Abstract Background: Caudal epidural anesthesia commonly utilized in veterinary practice to allow diagnostic, obstetrical, and surgical interventions in the perineal region of cows. An experimental study conducted on epidural anesthesia from October 2018 to March 2019 on 6 cows with repeated treatments after one week by two groups of anesthetic drugs. Methods and materias First Lignocaine is given for Group-I of cows in the first intercoccygeal space and then the same animals after one week injected Lignocaine-Xylazine together in the intercoccygeal space. The Clinical-physiological parameters such as the onset of analgesia, duration of analgesia, ataxia, sedation, heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature between the two groups studied by compression. Finally, the significance of the change in the study unit between Lignocaine and Lignocaine-Xylazine analyzed according to SPSS version 19 for t-test and P-value <0.05 taken as statistically significant. Results: There was no significant change that appeared between the onset of analgesia of Lignocaine (4.3±0.6min) alone and Lignocaine-Xylazine (4.9±1.1min) injection together (t=1.17; P>0.05). This indicates that the addition of Xylazine to Lignocaine does not significantly delay the onset of anesthesia. However, there was a significant difference observed in the duration of analgesia between two groups (t=13.2; P<0.05) with Lignocaine-Xylazine (259.5±12.38min) longer duration than Lignocaine alone (84±4.05min). This indicates that Lignocaine and Xylazine have an additive effect on the duration of analgesia. In the case of physiological parameters, there were significant variations in heart rate (t=7.5; P<0.05) with Group II cows lower in heart rate than Group I cows. Statistically, a significant difference was also observed on respiratory rate (t=2.13; P<0.05) in which the addition of Xylazine on Lignocaine significantly lower breathing rate than Lignocaine injection alone. Finally, on rectal temperature, there was no statistically significant difference appeared (t=1.7; P>0.005) with rectal temperature in Group I cows (0.15± 0.28 OC) and in Group II cows (0.9±0.31 OC) which indicate that addition of Xylazine to Lignocaine lower rectal temperature similar to Lignocaine injection alone. Mild ataxia was observed in three groups I, cows, and there was no sedation and salivation noted at all. In Group II, cows mild to severe ataxia, deep sedation, salivation, and falling observed. In both groups, there was no anesthetic complication during epidural analgesia and after recovery noted.Conclusion: generally this study showed that, combination of Lignocaine and Xylazine have an additive effect on the duration and quality of analgesia.

scholarly journals Sense of Coherence and Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
Sara Domínguez-Salas ◽  
Macarena Romero-Martín ◽  
Mónica Ortega-Moreno ◽  
Juan Jesús García-Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Bonferroni Test

The health crisis triggered by COVID-19 and the preventive measures taken to control it have caused a strong psychological impact on the population, especially on healthcare professionals. Risk exposure, uncertainty about how to approach the disease, care and emotional overburden, lack of resources, or unclear ever-changing protocols are, among others, psychological distress risk factors for the healthcare professionals who have faced this dramatic scenario on the front line. On the other hand, the Sense of Coherence (SOC) is a competence that could help these professionals perceive the situation as understandable, manageable, and meaningful, facilitating the activation of their resilience. This work aims to describe the levels of psychological distress and SOC of healthcare professionals during the crisis caused by COVID-19, the relationship between both variables, and their health status. A cross-sectional descriptive study with a sample of 1459 currently active healthcare workers was developed. GHQ-12 and SOC-13 were used for data collection. Bivariate analyses were performed, including Chi-Squared Test, Student’s T-Test, Analysis of Variance—ANOVA (with Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons), and correlations. Cohen’s d or Cramer’s V effect size measurements were also provided. The results showed that 80.6% of healthcare professionals had psychological distress, and the mean score on the SOC-13 scale was 62.8 points (SD = 12.02). Both psychological distress and SOC were related to the presence of COVID-19 symptoms, as well as with contact history. Professionals with psychological distress showed a lower SOC. Taking care of the mental health of healthcare professionals is essential to effectively cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the psychological impact of working in the current menacing scenario, people on the front line against the disease should be protected, minimizing risks, providing them with resources and support, and fostering their coping skills.

scholarly journals Impact of enhanced personal protective equipment on the physical and mental well-being of healthcare workers during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-139150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanathan Swaminathan ◽  
Bimantha Perera Mukundadura ◽  
Shashi Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the use of enhanced personal protective equipment (PPE) in healthcare workers in patient-facing roles. We describe the impact on the physical and mental well-being of healthcare professionals who use enhanced PPE consistently.MethodsWe conducted a single-centre, cross-sectional study among healthcare professionals who use enhanced PPE. A web-based questionnaire was disseminated to evaluate the effects on individuals’ physical and mental well-being. Physical and mental impact was assessed through a visual analogue scale.ResultsProspective analysis of the views of 72 respondents is reported. 63.9% were women and 36.1% were men. Physical impact included exhaustion, headache, skin changes, breathlessness and a negative impact on vision. Communication difficulties, somnolence, negative impact on overall performance and difficulties in using surgical instrumentation were reported.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the undeniable negative impact on the front-line healthcare workers using enhanced PPE and lays the ground for larger multicentric assessments given for it to potentially be the norm for the foreseeable future.

scholarly journals Safety of conscious sedation in electroanatomical mapping procedures and cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Weinmann ◽  
Regina Heudorfer ◽  
Alexia Lenz ◽  
Deniz Aktolga ◽  
Manuel Rattka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Vein Isolation ◽  
Conscious Sedation ◽  
Cryoballoon Ablation ◽  
Electroanatomical Mapping ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electrophysiological Procedures ◽  
Procedure Duration

AbstractImmobilization of patients during electrophysiological procedures, to avoid complications by patients’ unexpected bodily motion, is achieved by moderate to deep conscious sedation using benzodiazepines and propofol for sedation and opioids for analgesia. Our aim was to compare respiratory and hemodynamic safety endpoints of cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and electroanatomical mapping (EAM) procedures. Included patients underwent either cryoballoon PVI or EAM procedures. Sedation monitoring included non-invasive blood pressure measurements, transcutaneous oxygen saturation (tSpO2) and transcutaneous carbon-dioxide (tpCO2) measurements. We enrolled 125 consecutive patients, 67 patients underwent cryoballoon atrial fibrillation ablation and 58 patients had an EAM and radiofrequency ablation procedure. Mean procedure duration of EAM procedures was significantly longer (p < 0.001) and propofol doses as well as morphine equivalent doses of administered opioids were significantly higher in EAM patients compared to cryoballoon patients (p < 0.001). Cryoballoon patients display higher tpCO2 levels compared to EAM patients at 30 min (cryoballoon: 51.1 ± 7.0 mmHg vs. EAM: 48.6 ± 6.2 mmHg, p = 0.009) and at 60 min (cryoballoon: 51.4 ± 7.3 mmHg vs. EAM: 48.9 ± 6.6 mmHg, p = 0.07) procedure duration. Mean arterial pressure was significantly higher after 60 min (cryoballoon: 84.7 ± 16.7 mmHg vs. EAM: 76.7 ± 13.3 mmHg, p = 0.017) in cryoballoon PVI compared to EAM procedures. Regarding respiratory and hemodynamic safety endpoints, no significant difference was detected regarding hypercapnia, hypoxia and episodes of hypotension. Despite longer procedure duration and deeper sedation requirement, conscious sedation in EAM procedures appears to be as safe as conscious sedation in cryoballoon ablation procedures regarding hemodynamic and respiratory safety endpoints.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices towards pharmacovigilance among health care professionals in a teaching and general hospital of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Zainab Ghazala ◽  
Prakash Kalshetty ◽  
Shrenik Vardhamane
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to detection, monitoring, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug related problem from any pharmaceutical products. The core purpose of pharmacovigilance is to enhance patient care and generate the evidence based information on safety of medicines. The objective of present study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of the healthcare professionals about pharmacovigilance and to assess the reasons for underreporting of ADRs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by administering KAP questionnaire to the healthcare professionals. There were 22 multiple choice questions. Ten related to knowledge, 5 related to attitude, and 6 related to practice. One question was asked to determine the reasons for underreporting of ADRs. The performance in each category was graded as good, average and poor if the number of participants giving correct/positive responses were >70%, 50-69%, <50% respectively. Question no 22 was assessed independently to find out reasons for underreporting of ADRs. Data was compiled and analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square and ANOVA test.Results: The response rate in this study was 62.5%. The study included professors (11%), associate professors (6%), assistant professors (20%), postgraduates (26%) and interns (37%). That there was statistically very highly significant difference of mean score of knowledge, attitude and practice among health care professionals (P<0.001). The performance score with respect to attitude of health care professionals towards pharmacovigilance was good as compared to knowledge which was average followed by practice which showed poor performance (72.5% >51.6% >36.8%) (p <0.001).Conclusions: Awareness campaigns, CMEs, workshops on pharmacovigilance should be conducted regularly such that good knowledge about pharmacovigilance can be imparted which can be moulded into good practice.

scholarly journals Exploring the factors associated with the mental health of frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258475
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kapetanos ◽  
Stella Mazeri ◽  
Despo Constantinou ◽  
Anna Vavlitou ◽  
Marios Karaiskakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers

Introduction The spread of COVID-19 into a global pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of frontline healthcare-workers. This study is a multi-centre, cross-sectional epidemiological study that uses nationwide data to assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression and burnout among health care workers managing COVID-19 patients in Cyprus. The study also investigates the mechanism behind the manifestation of these pathologies, as to allow for the design of more effective protective measures. Methods Data on the mental health status of the healthcare workers were collected from healthcare professionals from all over the nation, who worked directly with Covid patients. This was done via the use of 64-item, self-administered questionnaire, which was comprised of the DASS21 questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a number of original questions. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate factors associated with each of the mental health measures. Results The sample population was comprised of 381 healthcare professionals, out of which 72.7% were nursing staff, 12.9% were medical doctors and 14.4% belonged to other occupations. The prevalence of anxiety, stress and depression among the sample population were 28.6%, 18.11% and 15% respectively. The prevalence of burnout was 12.3%. This was in parallel with several changes in the lives of the healthcare professionals, including; working longer hours, spending time in isolation and being separated from family. Discussion This study indicates that the mental health of a significant portion of the nation’s workforce is compromised and, therefore, highlights the need for an urgent intervention particularly since many countries, including Cyprus, are suffering a second wave of the pandemic. The identified risk factors should offer guidance for employers aiming to protect their frontline healthcare workers from the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Preparedness of Healthcare Workers towards Handling COVID-19 Outbreak in the Gambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Joseph W Jatta ◽  
Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé Ouédraogo ◽  
Yusupha Sanyang ◽  
Daniel Nebongo ◽  
Tahir Ahmed Touray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak that began in Wuhan, China rapidly became a public health concern and a challenge for healthcare systems globally.  In the wake of the first confirmed case in The Gambia, concerns were raised in some quarters about the health system's preparedness to handle the outbreak. Therefore, we aimed to assess health personnel's knowledge and preparedness in fighting the COVID-19 outbreak in The Gambia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using self-administered questionnaires distributed online through social media. Descriptive, bivariate, and binary logistic analyses were done using SPSS Version 22. Results: We obtained 333 valid responses. Most participants reported that their health facility has some form of preparedness; however, only a small proportion reported enough PPEs in the health facility. About half (50.5%) showed good knowledge of COVID-19. There was a statistically significant difference among the professions regarding their reaction if they were found positive of COVID-19 (p=0.006). There was a significant association between health professions [other professions (Odds ratio [OR]=0.2, 95% Confidence interval [CI]:0.04–0 .9; p=0.038)] and overall knowledge of COVID-19. Conclusion: Our findings showed some form of preparedness towards COVID-19 among healthcare workers. However, many aspects, such as the availability of PPEs and their proper use and knowledge, need improvement. Thus, training and an adequate supply of equipment are required to better respond to upcoming COVID-19 waves and future outbreaks. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-5 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody in healthcare workers: a multicentre cross-sectional study in 10 Colombian cities

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107487
Author(s):  
Jeadran Nevardo Malagón-Rojas ◽  
Marcela Mercado-Reyes ◽  
Yezith G Toloza-Pérez ◽  
Eliana L Parra Barrera ◽  
Marien Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Automated Immunoassay

BackgroundHealthcare workers are at increased risk of infection due to occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers in Colombia.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional study focused on estimating the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers from 65 hospitals in 10 cities in Colombia during the second semester of 2020. The seroprevalence was determined using an automated immunoassay (Abbott SARS-CoV-2 CLIA IgG). The study included a survey to establish the sociodemographic variables and the risk of infection. A multivariate model was used to evaluate the association between the results of seroprevalence and risk factors.ResultsThe global seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was 35% (95% Bayesian CI 33% to 37%). All the personnel reported the use of protective equipment. General services personnel and nurses presented the highest ratios of seroprevalence among the healthcare workers. Low socioeconomic strata have shown a strong association with seropositivity.ConclusionThis study estimates the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers. Even though all the personnel reported the use of protective equipment, the seroprevalence in the general services personnel and nurses was high. Also, a significant difference by cities was observed.

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