Karakteristik dan Aplikasi Selulosa Kulit Jagung Pada Pengembangan Hidrogel

Corn is one of the staple food crops widely consumed by Indonesians, thus has potensial in producing an abundant amount of corn husk waste. Cellulose contained in corn husk is about 44%, so the material has the potential to be source of natural fiber cellulose. The development of hydrogels from natural polymers such as cellulose is very promising especially for biomaterial application. Cellulose fiber was obtained through several stages: dewaxing, pulping, delignification, bleaching and cellulose purification. This study aimed to determine the most effective solvent in cellulose extraction of corn husk, the research carried out with different solvent such as, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hydrocloric acid (HCl). Based on the functional group formed on the analysis of FTIR, shows that the extraction method using H2O2 as solvent can remove hemicellulose and lignin from the cellulose structure and the most white cellulose fiber obtained from the extraction with H2O2 solvent. Cellulose obtained from previous step was used for hydrogel production. The hydrogel showed different absorption capacity depend on temperature and ratio of glutaraldehide to cellulose. The highest water absorption capacity of 250% obtained by hidrogel with ratio 1:2 at 25oC.

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Polyurethanization temperature effect to the thermal behaviour of cellulose – fiber based hybrid polyurethane

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815902005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 159 ◽

pp. 02005 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Herald Kurnia Adi ◽

Fauzia Hanum Ikhwan ◽

Hasyim Aidilichsan Muliawan ◽

Mochamad Chalid

Keyword(s):

Glass Transition ◽

Functional Group ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Decomposition Temperature ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Hybrid Polyurethane ◽

Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Polyurethanes are one of many types of polymers that are currently being developed worldwide. Some studies reported many substances involved in synthesizing polyurethanes (PU), with mostly originated from a biomass substance. Our laboratory has synthesized natural fiber – based PU to obtain hybrid PUs through varying reaction variables such as temperature. This study used cellulose, a biomass substance as well as polyethylene glycol and 4,4’ – methylenebis cyclohexyl isocyanate (HMDI) in synthesizing the hybrid PU, and investigated their thermal stability such as decomposition temperature by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed various tendency according to the chain extending temperature for the decomposition temperature. Simultaneous Thermal Analysis (STA) showed glass transition tendency of the product is proportional to the chain extending temperature, where the maximum glass transition obtained from the experimental is 59.8ºC at 70ºC of polymerization. Evaluation of functional group in the hybrid PUs was conducted with FT – IR spectroscopy measurement indicating urethane presence as part of the hybrid PUs.

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Bandgap Tunability in a One-Dimensional System

Condensed Matter ◽

10.3390/condmat3040034 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Payal Wadhwa ◽

Shailesh Kumar ◽

T.J. Kumar ◽

Alok Shukla ◽

Rakesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Periodic Potential ◽

Functional Group ◽

Potential Profile ◽

Dimensional System ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Direct Bandgap ◽

Inorganic Systems ◽

Theoretical Investigations

The ability to tune the gaps of direct bandgap materials has tremendous potential for applications in the fields of LEDs and solar cells. However, lack of reproducibility of bandgaps due to quantum confinement observed in experiments on reduced dimensional materials, severely affects tunability of their bandgaps. In this article, we report broad theoretical investigations of direct bandgap one-dimensional functionalized isomeric system using their periodic potential profile, where bandgap tunability is demonstrated simply by modifying the potential profile by changing the position of the functional group in a periodic supercell. We found that bandgap in one-dimensional isomeric systems having the same functional group depends upon the width and depth of the deepest potential well at global minimum and derived correlations are verified for known synthetic as well as natural polymers (biological and organic), and also for other one-dimensional direct bandgap systems. This insight would greatly help experimentalists in designing new isomeric systems with different bandgap values for polymers and one-dimensional inorganic systems for possible applications in LEDs and solar cells.

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ANALISIS KONDUKTIVITAS DAN TERMAL PADA POLIMER ELEKTROLIT DARI KITOSAN/PVA/GLISEROL/LiClO4 UNTUK APLIKASI BATERAI ION LITIUM

CHEMISTRY PROGRESS ◽

10.35799/cp.14.1.2021.34074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nurhadini . ◽

Verry Andre Fabiani ◽

Megawati Ayu Putri ◽

Iin Lestari

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Polymer Electrolyte ◽

Functional Group ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Electrolyte Composition ◽

Wave Number ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Casting Method ◽

Absorption Intensity

Penggunaan polimer ramah lingkungan merupakan tantangan bagi industri baterai ion litium saat ini dikarenakan sifatnya yang mudah terbiodegradasi menjadi keunggulan polimer alam seperti kitosan dengan bahan baku dari alam yang melimpah. Komposisi polimer elektrolit dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas kitosan, PVA, gliserol yang didopan dengan LiClO4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat konduktivitas dan termal dari polimer elektrolit kitosan/PVA/gliserol/LiClO4. Pembuatan polimer elektrolit ini menggunakan metode casting. Peningkatan massa kitosan dalam komposisi polimer elektrolit menyebabkan adanya peningkatan intensitas pada bilangan gelombang 1718 cm-1 dan peningkatan intensitas serapan pada bilngangan gelombang 1271 cm-1 dengan masing-masing puncak serapan tersebut adalah gugus fungsi dari C=O dan gugus fungsi C-O. Berdasarkan data konduktivitas menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 70/30/20/20 (kitosan /PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4) memiliki konduktivitas tertinggi sebesar 4,8 x 10-5S/cm. Hasil kurva TGA menunjukkan stabilitas termal komposisi polimer elektrolit hingga 210oC dan peningkatan jumlah kitosan dalam polimer elektrolit menurunkan kestabilan termal. Polimer elektrolit dari kitosan/PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4 dapat diaplikasikan untuk baterai ion litium berdasarkan analisis konduktivitas ionik dan kestabilan termal. ABSTRACT The use of environmentally friendly polymers is a challenge for the lithium-ion batteries industry today because its biodegradable nature is an advantage of natural polymers such as chitosan with abundant raw materials from nature. The polymer electrolyte composition in this study consisted of chitosan, PVA, glycerol doped with LiClO4. This study aims to analyze the conductivity and thermal properties of the polymer electrolyte chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4. The polymer electrolyte was made using a casting method. The increasing of the chitosan mass in the polymer electrolyte composition led to an increase in intensity at the wave number 1718 cm-1 and an increase in absorption intensity at the wavenumber of 1271 cm-1 with absorption peaks being a functional group of C=O and C-O respectively. Based on the conductivity data, it showed that the composition of 70/30/20/20 (chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4) had the highest conductivity of 4.8 x 10-5S/cm. The results of the TGA curve illustrated that polymer electrolyte had thermal stability until 210oC and the increasing amount of chitosan of polymer electrolyte decreased thermal stability. Polymer electrolyte chitosan

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In-situ Preparation of Nano-calcium Carbonate/Cellulose Fiber Composite and Its Application in Fluff Pulp

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics ◽

10.1177/155892501701200306 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 155892501701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yongjian Xu ◽

Chunmei Jiang ◽

Chao Duan ◽

Weipeng Zhang

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bonding ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Fiber Composite ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Inorganic Particles ◽

In Situ Preparation

Calcium carbonate/cellulose fiber composites combining natural polymers and inorganic particles are promising materials for preparing fluff pulp. In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles were in-situ precipitated on cellulose fiber surfaces to decrease the level of hydrogen bonding. The results showed that nano CaCO3 particles precipitated and dispersed well on the fiber surface. The fluff pulp made from cellulose/CaCO3 modified fibers exhibited high effectiveness in the dry defibration process and good adsorption capacity due to the weak hydrogen bonding. The burst index of the handsheets decreased 31% (based on the ash content of 1.48 wt. %) without compromising the adsorption capacity of the fluff pulp.

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Regenerated Cellulose-Based Denim Fabric for Tropical Regions: An Analytical Study on Making Denim Comfortable

Journal of Textiles ◽

10.1155/2016/4614168 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Annu Kumari ◽

Karan Khurana

Keyword(s):

Analytical Study ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Regenerated Cellulose ◽

Age Group ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Denim Fabric ◽

Regenerated Cellulose Fiber ◽

The Masses ◽

Garment Design

Denim is no more “work wear’’ in the present era. More than a need, it is a fashion commodity for every age group, specifically for youth. Garments with multiple permutations and combinations of denim fabric variables like fibers, yarns, and Lycra % and weaving techniques are available with differing garment design statements, but the comfort aspect is slightly ignored. To cater for the masses living in hot and humid areas, a denim fabric is being projected with varying garment constructional parameters. Regenerated cellulose-based fibers/yarns are considered as ecofriendly, cool, soft, fairly strong, and durable among other man-made and natural fiber-based yarns. The present study is an attempt to develop comfortable denim clothing using regenerated cellulose fiber derivatives, maintaining its traditional rustic look for tropical regions. Fabric performance evaluation methods were used to ascertain the performance of the newly developed clothing.

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Pemanfaatan Lumpur Primer Industri Kertas sebagai Absorben

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v1i01.220 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (01) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Krisna Adhitya Wardhana ◽

Saepulloh Saepulloh ◽

Reynaldo Biantoro

Keyword(s):

Performance Test ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Raw Material ◽

Paper Mills ◽

Primary Sludge ◽

Increase Surface Area ◽

Absorption Performance ◽

Virgin Pulp

The Utilization of Primary Sludge from Paper Mills as AbsorbentAbstractThe primary sludge from paper mill contains cellulose fiber that has high absorption capacity and potential to be used as an absorbent for hydrophobic compounds. The utilization of primary sludge from paper mill using raw material of waste paper and virgin pulp to be used as an absorbent has been conducted. The stages process of absorbent fabrication was consisted of three stages such as drying, mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical process conducted were crushing and grinding methods to increase surface area and pore volume of sludge. Meanwhile silanization process as chemical treatment using solution of γ-metacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane in ethanol to improve the hydrophobic properties of primary sludge was also done. Absorbent products were tested for the maximum sorbency, the sorbent performance, absorption of hydrophobic liquid, absorption of hydrophobic dust, and contact angle test to conduct their performance. The absorbency of absorbent product which is covered by cushion material was also tested. Result indicated that the absorption performance of some absorbent product is higher than commercial absorbent on hydrophobic liquid and hydrophobic dust absorption test. But it was lower than commercial absorbent on maximum sorbency and the sorbent performance test. The use of cushion material as a wrapper could make it easy in the collection and could increase the absorbency.Keywords: primary sludge; mechanical; silanization; absorbent; hydrophobic AbstrakLumpur primer dari industri kertas mengandung serat selulosa yang memiliki daya serap tinggi dan memiliki potensi dimanfaatkan sebagai absorben senyawa hidrofobik. Pemanfaatan lumpur primer industri kertas berbahan baku kertas bekas dan virgin pulp sebagai absorben telah dilakukan. Tahapan proses pembuatan absorben dari lumpur primer meliputi proses pengeringan, proses mekanis, dan proses kimia. Proses mekanis yang dilakukan adalah crushing dan grinding untuk meningkatkan luas permukaan dan volume pori-pori lumpur dilanjutkan dengan proses silanisasi (silanization) sebagai perlakuan kimia menggunakan larutan γ-metacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane dalam etanol untuk meningkatkan sifat hidrofobik lumpur. Produk absorben diuji daya serap maksimum (maximum sorbency), kinerja absorben, penyerapan cairan hidrofobik, penyerapan debu hidrofobik, dan pengujian sudut kontak. Daya serap produk absorben yang ditutup bahan bahan cushion juga diuji. Hasil menunjukkan kemampuan absorbsi cairan hidrofobik dan debu hidrofobik dari beberapa perlakuan produk absorben lebih tinggi dari absorben komersial, sedangkan hasil maximum sorbency dan uji kinerja absorben menunjukkan hasil lebih rendah dari absorben komersial. Penggunaan bahan cushion sebagai pembungkus dapat memudahkan dalam pengumpulan dan dapat meningkatkan penyerapan.Kata kunci: lumpur primer; mekanis; silanisasi; absorben; hidrofobik

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Analysis on Absorption Sound Acoustic Panels from Egg Tray with Corn Husk and Sugar Cane

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.i3304.0789s319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (9S3) ◽

pp. 1426-1431

Keyword(s):

Sugar Cane ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Sound Waves ◽

Experimental Platform ◽

Contemporary World ◽

Corn Husk ◽

Sound Control ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Central Purpose

In the contemporary world, one of the areas that have gained growing attention entails sound control. The motivation has been to respond to the increasing demand to improve sound waves in various contexts. One of the sound absorbing agents entails natural fiber, a platform that has led to the growing development of sound absorbers. Hence, this study’s central purpose is to examine the potentiality of sound absorber panels developed from materials such as egg trays with corn husks, egg trays with sugar cane, and egg trays combined. For the selected materials, two tests that are implemented include reverberation room test towards achieving noise reduction coefficients (NRCs) and the impedance tube test – towards achieving the sound absorption coefficients (SACs). For the impedance experiment, findings indicate that the frequency of the absorption values ranges from 0 Hz to 1000 Hz. For the respective forms of the acoustic panels, the SAC values are seen to be 0.9600, 0.9700, and 0.8900; findings that are achieved under low-frequency conditions. In relation to the case of NRC, the values obtained for the selected panels include 0.5500, 0.5900, and 0.5000. Indeed, the absorption aspect is seen to be pronounced when the experimental platform entails a combination of egg trays with sugar cane stacks. Regarding the results gained from the case of the reverberation room test, the echo time is likely to be shortened by the acoustic panel. Whereas the maximum time for the egg tray panel is observed to be 4.800 seconds, the case of an empty room depicts a maximum of 6.280 seconds. For the egg tray panels with corn skins and sugar cane, the results point to the maximum times of 3.990 seconds and 4.210 seconds respectively. Hence, it is concluded that the egg tray panel with corn husks depicts lower NRC values. Overall, it is evident that the three materials exhibit a promising state of eco-friendliness, complemented by the affirmation that in the market, they are easily available

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THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL CORN HUSK TOWARD THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LIGHT BRICK

Jurnal Pena Sains ◽

10.21107/jps.v7i2.8466 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 88-95

Author(s):

Noer Af'idah ◽

Oktaffi Arinna Manasikana ◽

Andhika Mayasari

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Density Level ◽

Rice Husks ◽

Compressive Test ◽

Additional Material ◽

Materials Engineering ◽

Corn Husk ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties

The Light brick is an engineered product developed from the usual brick with the addition of mixed materials. Brick is one type of composite material. Many people choose to use natural fiber-reinforced composites to replace synthetic ones and composite materials engineering development. So in the technology of brick-making, natural fibers are currently used as a choice as additional material mixed to produce light bricks. Additional materials often used in light bricks include fly ash, sawdust, coconut husks, rice husks, etc. This study used corn husk waste as additional material in the light bricks making. The addition of corn husk powder can affect the mechanical properties of brick. It is shown by the more significant the percentage of corn husk powder added, the smaller the density and compressive test value of the brick produced. Meanwhile, the greater the porosity value is. The decrease in density level and compressive test value will undoubtedly affect the brick's mechanical and physical properties. The reduction in density level and mechanical properties of the brickwork can be minimized by applying an outer layer in the form of cement mortar of the products.

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