Technical and Design Features of Laboratories Suitable for Work Involving Infected Animals

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
VG Germanchuk ◽  
EV Kislitsina ◽  
NYu Shavina
Keyword(s):  
Biological Agents ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Biological Models ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Design Characteristics

Introduction: The state biological safety system is an important component of the national security system. Handling of biological agents is always potentially hazardous. One of the types of work that poses the risk of developing laboratory-acquired infections includes studies of infected biological models used for experimental, production and diagnostic purposes in the laboratory facilities of various agencies authorized to deal with biological agents of pathogenicity groups I to IV. Objective: The study aimed to analyze the up-to-date regulatory, methodological and legislative framework setting requirements for technical and design features of special purpose laboratories suitable for work involving infected animals in order to minimize health risks. Methods: We analyzed regulatory documents and scientific publications found in bibliographic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and eLIBRARY) using keyword searches and selected 35 sources for the present review. Results: Special attention is paid to the design of laboratories intended for experimental and diagnostic work with biological models infected with biological agents of pathogenicity groups I and II. Both construction and reconstruction of existing premises are carried out in accordance with the design documentation and have a number of specific features. The combination of facilities depends on the goals and objectives of the laboratory. The laboratory premises shall be provided with water supply, special sewerage, power supply, heating, exhaust ventilation, telephone communications, as well as security and fire alarms and fire extinguishing equipment in accordance with fire safety requirements. Conclusions: The results of analyzing the current regulatory, methodological and legislative framework governing technical and design characteristics of special purpose laboratories suitable for work with infected animals confirm that strict compliance with the appropriate requirements enables their effective performance and guarantees safety for human health and the environment by eliminating biological risks.

scholarly journals Resources and Capabilities from Their Very Outset: a Bibliometric Comparison Between Scopus and the Web of Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mileidy Alvarez-Melgarejo ◽  
Martha L. Torres-Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Bibliometric Method ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Web

The bibliometric method has proven to be a powerful tool for the analysis of scientific publications, in such a way that allows rating the quality of the knowledge generating process, as well as its impact on firm´s environment. This article presents a comparison between two powerful bibliographic databases in terms of their coverage and the usefulness of their content. The comparison starts with a subject associated to the relationship between resources and capabilities. The outcomes show that the search results differ between both databases. The Web Of Science (WOS), has a greater coverage than SCOPUS has.  It also has a greater impact in terms of most cited authors and publications. The search results in the WOS yield articles from 2001, while Scopus yields articles from 1976, however, some of the latter are inconsistent with the topic being searched. The analysis points to a lack of studies regarding resources as foundations of firm´s capabilities; as a result, new research on this field is suggested.

scholarly journals Development of Smart Evacuation System for Fire Response in Apartments

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Gwanghee Heo ◽  
Youngbeom Kim ◽  
Sanggu Seo ◽  
Seunggon Jeon ◽  
Jaehoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Fire Information ◽  
Evacuation System ◽  
Rapid Evacuation

A smart evacuation system is developed herein to reduce damage to lives and property by inducing rapid evacuation of the residents in the event of apartment fires. The smart evacuation system provides a safe evacuation environment and the best physical evacuation conditions by detecting the loads to be applied to evacuation facilities at all times. In addition, fire information is automatically disseminated to the residents and managers during a fire for initial evacuation, and the function for early fire extinguishing is enabled via report to the 119 situation room. The smart evacuation system comprises a safety ladder for evacuation, an ideal detection system to detect obstructions in the evacuation facilities, and a communication system to quickly inform authorities, residents, and managers of a fire. To verify effective performance of the safety ladder, real safety ladders were constructed and their structural performance and usability were verified. In addition, to ensure their permanent space in evacuation facilities, we verified that obstructions to evacuation were accurately detected as anomalies in real time using contactless sensors and communication modules. Finally, the fire information was sent to residents and managers in case of a fire to assist evacuation as well as reported to 119 for rapid suppression. Thus, we demonstrate that the smart evacuation system allows safe and effective evacuation with fast and accurate information in the event of a fire and is useful for initial response for fire suppression.

Legal Aspects of Digital Platforms for the Sharing Consumption Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
A. V. Altukhov ◽  
A. O. Gostilovich ◽  
S. Yu. Kashkin
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Science Theory ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Russian Federation

Aim. To consider the features of the shared consumption phenomenon that require specialized legal regulation.Tasks. To highlight the problems of the legislative framework in this area; to give suggestions for solving the identified problems.Methodology. The study was conducted in the context of the economic and legal science theory and methodology, using methods of information synthesis and analysis, expert evaluation; scientific and popular scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors were researched.Results. The concept of the shared consumption economy is revealed. The legal aspects of digital platforms for the shared consumption economy are considered, the experience of the European Union (EU) and the results of the Russian Federation (RF) achieved in this area are analyzed. Based on the analysis, the authors propose to apply the principles and mechanisms of integration law for the regulatory regulation of the new socio-economic model.Conclusions. It is shown that integration law will best use the accumulated practical experience of legal mechanisms’ timely adaptation to the variability of the external environment in the conditions of digital transformation and artificial intelligence. It is concluded that the concept of “good governance” can be successfully used for the legal regulation of the shared consumption economy platforms.

scholarly journals Cross-border B2C e-commerce to Greater China and the role of logistics: a literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 772-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Giuffrida ◽  
Riccardo Mangiaracina ◽  
Alessandro Perego ◽  
Angela Tumino
Keyword(s):  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Greater China ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Managerial Perspective

Purpose This paper reviews scientific publications in the field of logistics underlying cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) to China. A focus on the role played in this complex process by other countries of the Greater China is carried out. The purpose of this paper is to outline directions for future research to encourage CBEC development. Design/methodology/approach The review is based on 32 papers published from 2002 to 2016 in international peer-reviewed journals or proceedings of international conferences, retrieved from bibliographic databases and science search engines. Findings CBEC to China is gaining increasing interest, as shown by the rising amount of publications from 2013 onwards. Within these contributions, however, studies specifically investigating the relation between logistics and e-commerce, commonly acknowledged as critical, seem to lack. Many contributions are descriptive and do not provide specific insights on how to manage the complexities of CBEC logistics in this region. Stemming from the review, a set of possible development areas are identified, including distribution network design, i.e. deciding how to shape the CBEC distribution structure, and logistics outsourcing, i.e. determining whether to manage logistics activities in-house or through third parties. Originality/value To the extent of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first one to classify the existing body of knowledge on logistics supporting CBEC. Its main contribution is the critical identification of current research gaps and the proposal of key themes for future research. From a managerial perspective, it helps export and logistics managers identify the key challenges of managing CBEC logistics to Greater China.

scholarly journals EU-OSHÁs perspective on occupational safety and health in the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In July 2020, EU-OSHA published the results of a comprehensive research project on the exposure of workers to biological agents at work and the related health problems. Although the research was initiated long before the pandemic, researchers had highlighted pandemic preparedness as an issue, as well as the general lack of monitoring of serious infectious diseases. The research also made evident a lack of awareness among workplace actors of the risks from exposure to biological agents at work, although a detailed legislative framework has been in place for many years, and consequently a lack of prevention measures at work, which became evident after the pandemic broke out. It highlighted the need for public health and occupational safety and health organisations to cooperate to mitigate the impact of the pandemic. The presentation will focus on the links between the research findings and the developments during the pandemic. It will furthermore present guidance produced by EU-OSHA and other relevant actions, with a view on the legislation that is in place. It will cover biological agents exposure as well as telework and ergonomic issues arising from it.

scholarly journals The Schön case: Analyzing in-text citations to papers before and after retraction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Luwel ◽  
Nees Jan van Eck ◽  
Thed N van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Electronic Version ◽  
Scientific Integrity ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Retraction Notice ◽  
Number Of Publications

Although only a small fraction of all scientific publications is retracted for misconduct, it has a profound impact on the research community, policy makers and the public at large. Indeed, over the last decades scientific integrity became a hot issue in science policy (Tchao, 2014). Moreover, papers retracted for fraud or other reasons should not be cited or used anymore. Although in most cases they are earmarked as retracted in bibliographic databases and in the electronic version of journals, they often remain cited a long time after the retraction notice is published. The misconduct case of Jan Hendrik Schön is a well know example. It attracted a lot of attention due to the renown of the researcher’s institute, the claims and the sheer number of publications involved. This researcher co-authored more than 100 papers and rose through prominence at the turn of the century with a number of apparent ground breaking discoveries in materials science. This study analyzes the context in which the papers from Schön, retracted or not, were referred to, and in which connotation using a full-text based citation analysis.

scholarly journals Potential of commodity benchmarks regulation in Ukraine: EU experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Viktoriia AHAPOVA ◽  
Oleksandr IVASHYNA ◽  
Svitlana IVASHYNA
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
News Agencies ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Procurement System

In their activities, state bodies and state-owned enterprises of Ukraine constantly turn to reference prices published by national and foreign news agencies, as evidenced by both regulations and data from the e-procurement system. However, the lack of definition or established practice of translation and application of terms related to this area indicates the underdevelopment or initial stage of harmonization of Ukraine's and other countries’ economic practice. We state that the issue of benchmarks regulation is relevant at the level of state economic decisions, given the specific impact of specialized news agencies on economic processes. Thus, the purpose of this study is to present ways of possible state regulation of commodity benchmarks in Ukraine. We determined that relations in the field of benchmarks in Ukraine are not provided with a legislative framework in full measure. Thus, it is characterized by discreteness, although the reference to benchmarks is carried out not only by business entities but also by government agencies. Therefore, some measures are proposed to regulate the field of benchmarks. Ukraine has a possibility to rely on the European experience, critically evaluate it and take the most important aspects of regulation, given the initial stage of development of the benchmark system in Ukraine. In particular, one of the possible actions is to establish a reference register of benchmarks. Furthermore, price reporting agencies and other benchmark-related economic actors might be recommended to bring their methodology and activities in line with IOSCO principles, as the clarity and transparency of market assessment are, among other things, a guarantee of objectively effective performance of tasks for taxation and in the public procurement.

scholarly journals Evaluation of driver visual demand at different design speeds on complex two-dimensional rural highway alignments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Muneeb
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Highway Design ◽  
Complex Curves ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Design Speed ◽  
Design Consistency ◽  
Demand Profile

Road crashes are a major cause of loss of human life, property and money throughout the world. One of the reasons behind these crashes is the interaction between drivers and road alignments. The need to understand the factors that affect drivers has become obvious and is now being addressed by researchers. Moreover, driver workload is gaining attention as a measure of highway-design consistency as it directly reveals design features to the driver. This research focuses on evaluating driver visual demand at different design speeds along with other geometric design features for two-dimensional rural horizontal roadway alignments. Twelve such alignments having simple and complex curves were designed following the standards of the American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and the Transportation Association of Canada (TAC). The driver simulator at Ryerson University, Toronto, recently modified after the integration of a car, was used for the simulation of roadway alignments. Scenario Definition Language (SDL) was used to develop Event files for simulation and to save the required data. Twelve drivers drove the simulated alignments. The output data relating to driver visual demand were processed using MS Notepad and MS Excel. The visual demand calculations for full-element length (VDF), half-element length (VDH) and the first 30 m of element length (VD30) for curve and tangent sections of alignments were done using MS Excel. Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) was used to anlayze and develop models for VDF, VDH and VD30 for curve and tangent sections, first considering design speed only as explanatory variable and then considering design speed along with other geometric design characteristics as explanatory variables. It has been observed that visual demand increases with the increase in design speed. Besides, the combined effect of design speed an other geometric design characteristics (e.g., the type of preceding element, the turning direction of a curve) has significant effect on visual demand. It was also found that visual demand followed a Log Normalized distribution which was also observed by previous research. The developed models were used to establish the visual demand profile for highway design consistency evaluation. The comparison of visual demand profile and operating speed profile has shown that the visual demand can be an acceptable measure for evaluating the highway design consistency.

scholarly journals Development of a software package for the tractor fleet formation in agricultural organizations

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 00102
Author(s):  
Valeria Zubina ◽  
Alexey Kutyrev
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cost ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Technical Level ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Program Modules

A set of computer programs for the formation of the tractor fleet, taking into account its quantitative and age composition, technical level, loss and shortage of products associated with the deviation of the agrotechnical period in the non-Chernozem zone of Russia and the annual cost of repair and maintenance of tractors. The program is universal for any structure of Park of farms and any region. The menu of program modules is presented. The program will rationally complete the machine and tractor fleet of agricultural enterprises, as well as more reasonably choose the direction of development of the tractor design and determine the most cost-effective, performance and design characteristics of tractor models at the design or procurement stage.

scholarly journals Value-Based Provider Payment Initiatives Combining Global Payments With Explicit Quality Incentives: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniëlle Cattel ◽  
Frank Eijkenaar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Payment Reform ◽  
Provider Payment ◽  
Spending Growth ◽  
Specific Manifestation ◽  
Associated Design

An essential element in the pursuit of value-based health care is provider payment reform. This article aims to identify and analyze payment initiatives comprising a specific manifestation of value-based payment reform that can be expected to contribute to value in a broad sense: (a) global base payments combined with (b) explicit quality incentives. We conducted a systematic review of the literature, consulting four scientific bibliographic databases, reference lists, the Internet, and experts. We included and compared 18 initiatives described in 111 articles/documents on key design features and impact on value. The initiatives are heterogeneous regarding the operationalization of the two payment components and associated design features. Main commonalities between initiatives are a strong emphasis on primary care, the use of “virtual” spending targets, and the application of risk adjustment and other risk-mitigating measures. Evaluated initiatives generally show promising results in terms of lower spending growth with equal or improved quality.

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