scholarly journals Development of Sustainable Concrete Using Alternative Building Materials By Replacing Industrial Waste Steel Slag for Aggregates

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2745-2749
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Natural Aggregates

It has now been found that industrial solid waste management is a major worldwide concern. Because of its heavy price effects, which cause economic and other environmental risks, most industries are not interested in the therapy and secure disposal of these waste. The disposal of waste foundry sand and slag is of main significance due to the trivial amount produced from the foundries throughout the world. Steel slag is a waste product produced during steel production. This waste has disposed of in the form of landfills, which creates enormous pollution of the soil. As a result, the need to use these waste is very essential due to increased demand to protect the usual environment, mainly in fields where it is built up. Consequently, replacing of natural aggregates with foundry slag would lead in considerable environmental advantages. In addition, paver blocks that are commonly used in building are inferior to burnt clay bricks in structure. In this project, therefore, normal fine and coarse aggregate should be substituted by foundry slag and foundry sand in the paver block. Several studies will be used to perform the studies, including compressive strength testing, tensile strength testing and flexure strength testing. Foundry waste is gathered from Foundries around Coimbatore.

scholarly journals Degradation Prediction Model for Friction of Road Pavements with Natural Aggregates and Steel Slags

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Crisman ◽  
Giulio Ossich ◽  
Paolo Bevilacqua ◽  
Roberto Roberti
Keyword(s):  
Residual Life ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Steel production wastes (steel slags) are used more often in asphalt concrete pavements as a valuable replacement for natural aggregates, which are becoming increasingly rare. In this paper authors investigate the polishing characteristics of aggregates, and in particular of steel slags, used in bituminous road surfacing, are a major factor in determining the resistance to skidding. The main purpose of the study is the identification of a suitable degradation model, based on friction indicators, in the laboratory, as well as the comparison of in-situ pavement skid resistance with the cumulative number of passing vehicles over the years. The model predicts the expected resistance to skidding of the road surface based on the knowledge of the polished stone value (PSV) of the aggregates and the expected traffic on the road. In this study, several types of aggregates were compared: steel slag, limestone, limestone and slag mixture, diabase, Criggion stone and basalt. Using a standard PSV test, it was found that the aggregates did not reach the lower value of skid resistance (equilibrium value). The analysis of the British Portable Number (BPN) data versus polishing time allowed to empirically derive a regression model for each investigated aggregate. Hence, it appears possible to define both an investigatory level and threshold level to predict the actual residual life of the pavement from the examination of skid resistance.

The Activation of Steel Slag and its Application in Construction and Building Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 702-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Lan Li ◽  
Feng Qing Zhao ◽  
Shao Jie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
Crude Steel ◽  
Volume Stability ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Combined Use

Steel slag as the discharged residue during steelmaking process is a kind of industrial solid waste, accounting for about 15 to 20 percent of crude steel in production. Steel slag is mainly similar with cement clinker in mineral and chemical composition, and possesses potential hydration reaction activity. The properties of steel slag, the research progress of activation and volume stability were summarized in this paper. Several approaches of steel slag utilization in construction and building materials were introduced. The combined use of various activation methods and proper treatment will increase the volume of steel slag in autoclaved tailings bricks and aerated concrete block.

scholarly journals DEFINING OF EAF STEEL SLAG APPLICATION POSSIBILITIES IN ASPHALT MIXTURE PRODUCTION / ELK PLIENO ŠLAKO PANAUDOJIMO GAMINANT ASFALTO MIŠINĮ GALIMYBĖS / ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СТАЛЬНОГО ШЛАКА ИЗ ДУГОВОЙ СТАЛЕПЛАВИЛЬНОЙ ПЕЧИ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА АСФАЛЬТОВОЙ СМЕСИ

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Sofilic ◽  
Ana Mladenovič ◽  
Una Sofilič
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Steel Mill ◽  
Regular Production ◽  
Eaf Slag ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag, generated from carbon steel production process, is the most interesting from the asphalt technology point of view. This paper aims to explore the feasibility of utilizing steel slag as aggregates in asphalt mixtures. Characterization of EAF slag was carried out through examination of its physical and chemical properties with special emphasis on chemical and structural characteristics. Optical Microscopy (OM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) and γ-spectrometric analysis were employed to study the texture, morphology and composition of steel slag. Volume properties of steel slag were also evaluated as compared to those of natural aggregates. For this purpose the specimens of EAF slag were taken from the regular production processes in CMC Sisak, Croatia, Steel mill. The results which were obtained by testing geometric, physicalmechanic properties, as well as the properties of duration on the specimen of electric furnace steel slag of CMC Sisak, when compared to steel slag properties of other steel producers (Acroni, Jesenice, Slovenia and Štore Steel, Štore, Slovenia) and with properties of natural aggregates, have satisfied the conditions for manufacturing mixtures of the tested steel slag and natural stone, which can be used in asphalt production. In comparison to the natural aggregates, which are used in asphalt mixtures on highways and roads with heavy traffic, the examined steel slag has equally good physical and mechanical properties, while it is significantly better when it comes to resistance to polishing. Special attention has been given to the free CaO and free MgO, which can cause volume instability, thus limiting the use of steel slag in road construction. Santrauka Nagrinėjamos plieno šlako panaudojimo asfalto mišiniui gaminti galimybės. Šis šlakas susidaro elektros lanko krosnyje (ELK) anglies plieno gamybos procese. Nagrinėjamos fizikinės bei cheminės šlako savybės, pateikiamos cheminės ir struktūrines charakteristikos. Plieno šlako tekstūra, morfologija ir sudėtis nustatyta taikant optinę mikroskopiją (OM), rentgeno spindulių difrakciją (RSD), skenuojančiąją elektroninę mikroskopiją (SEM), energijos dispersinę spektrometriją (EDS) bei spektrometrinę analizę. ELK šlako mėginiai buvo paimti iš plieno gamyklos CMC Sisak, Kroatijoje. Šių mėginių geometrinės, fizikinės ir mechaninės bei patvarumo savybės buvo lyginamos su kitų šlakų (Acroni, Jesenice, Slovenija ir Store steel, Štore, Slovėnija) ir natūralių agregatų savybėmis. Gauti rezultatai patvirtino tirto plieno šlako bei natūralaus akmens panaudojimo gaminant asfaltą galimybes. Natūralūs agregatai, naudojami asfalto mišiniuose tiesiant greitkelius ir intensyvaus eismo kelius, bei tiriamas plieno šlakas turi panašių gerų fizikinių bei mechaninių savybių, tačiau ELK šlakas yra atsparesnis gludinimui. Daug dėmesio buvo skirta laisviesiems CaO ir MgO, lemiantiems medžiagos nepatvarumą. Šie oksidai yra pagrindinis veiksnys, ribojantis plieno šlako naudojimą asfaltui gaminti. Резюме В статье ставилась цель исследовать возможности применения стальных шлаков, образующихся в процессе производства стали в дуговой сталеплавильной печи (ДСП), для производства асфальтовой смеси. Исследовались физические и химические свойства шлака из ДСП. Текстура, морфология и состав стального шлака определялись с использованием оптической микроскопии, дифракции рентгеновских лучей, электронной микроскопии, энергодисперсной спектрометрии и γ-спектрометрического анализа. Образцы шлака из ДСП были взяты на заводе по производству стали в Хорватии. Геометрические, физико-механические и прочностные свойства образцов сравнивались со свойствами других шлаков (из Словении) и с натуральными материалами. Полученные результаты подтвердили возможность применения шлака исследованной стали и натурального камня для производства асфальтовой смеси. Натуральные материалы, применяемые в асфальтовых смесях при строительстве магистралей и дорог с интенсивным движением, и исследованный стальной шлак обладают приблизительно одинаковыми хорошими физико-механическими свойствами, однако шлак из ДСП более устойчив при шлифовании. При анализе большое внимание также уделялось свободным CaO и MgO, вызывающим нестабильность материала. Эти оксиды являются основным фактором, лимитирующим применение стального шлака при производстве асфальта.

scholarly journals A Review on Behaviour of Beam Column Joint Using EAF Steel Slag Concrete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajmal Khan R ◽  
Rekha Ambi
Keyword(s):  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Column Joint ◽  
Eaf Slag ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Recycled Material

The amount of industrial waste generated and the overexploitation of quarries worldwide are becoming one of the serious environmental problem. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steel slag is currently used for asphalt concrete pavements in many countries but huge quantities of this material are still landfilled. Reusing the slag as recycled material in the construction industry not only helps in the reduction of the amount of waste disposed off but can also bring down the consumption of natural aggregates. EAF slag is the secondary product of the steel production process and is procured after the separation of molten steel from impurities. In this review paper, the impact of using EAF concrete on the structural behavior of internal beam-column joints and also the resisting mechanism of these joints are studied. A parametric study on the structural performance of EAF concrete compared to conventional concrete in terms of the load-carrying capacity, energy dissipation and strength attained by the joint in failure condition is made.

Analysis on the Microstructure Characteristics of Steel-Slag Based Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Bai ◽  
Pu Liu ◽  
Xian Bin Ai ◽  
Li Hua Zhao ◽  
Qi Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Crystal Phases

As by-product of steeling making, steel slag accounts for 10% to 13% of steel production. Utilization of it as resource has been tried in many fields. For example, it can be used as building materials, most for paving and backfilling. However, utilization level of steel slag is still low, and to find a novel way to utilize steel slag efficiently is urgent. Steel slag includes much calcium and silicon, similar to those of clay, which means that it can be one of the raw materials for ceramic sintering. In this research, the process of steel-slag based ceramics sintering was developed. The ceramic tiles with excellent performance were obtained, with up to 36% steel slag added. By EPMA, the possible crystal phases that exist in the ceramic samples have been discussed. By XRD analysis, the main crystal phases of steel slag ceramics were identified, which are anorthite, α-quartz and magnetite. The clinoenstatite can be obtained through increasing the proportion of steel slag in the formula. The diopside can be obtained if the talc was added. These are key factors to obtain excellent performance ceramic tiles under low sintering temperature.

scholarly journals Mortars with Recycled Aggregates from Building-Related Processes: A ‘Four-Step’ Methodological Proposal for a Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2756
Author(s):  
Federica Vitale ◽  
Maurizio Nicolella
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
By Products

Because the production of aggregates for mortar and concrete is no longer sustainable, many attempts have been made to replace natural aggregates (NA) with recycled aggregates (RA) sourced from factories, recycling centers, and human activities such as construction and demolition works (C&D). This article reviews papers concerning mortars with fine RA from C&D debris, and from the by-products of the manufacturing and recycling processes of building materials. A four-step methodology based on searching, screening, clustering, and summarizing was proposed. The clustering variables were the type of aggregate, mix design parameters, tested properties, patents, and availability on the market. The number and the type of the clustering variables of each paper were analysed and compared. The results showed that the mortars were mainly characterized through their physical and mechanical properties, whereas few durability and thermal analyses were carried out. Moreover, few fine RA were sourced from the production waste of construction materials. Finally, there were no patents or products available on the market. The outcomes presented in this paper underlined the research trends that are useful to improve the knowledge on the suitability of fine RA from building-related processes in mortars.

scholarly journals Utilization of induction furnace steel slag based iron oxide nanocomposites for antibacterial studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Baalamurugan ◽  
V. Ganesh Kumar ◽  
T. Stalin Dhas ◽  
S. Taran ◽  
S. Nalini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Microplate Reader

AbstractMetals and metal oxide-based nanocomposites play a significant role over the control of microbes. In this study, antibacterial activity of iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanocomposites based on induction furnace (IF) steel slag has been carried out. IF steel slag is an industrial by-product generated from secondary steel manufacturing process and has various metal oxides which includes Al2O3 (7.89%), MnO (5.06), CaO (1.49%) and specifically Fe2O3 (14.30%) in higher content along with metalloid SiO2 (66.42). Antibacterial activity of iron oxide nanocomposites has been revealed on bacterial species such as Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Micrococcus luteus has undergone maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 12 mm for 10 mg/mL concentration of steel slag iron oxide nanocomposite. Growth inhibitory kinetics of bacterial species has been studied using ELISA microplate reader at 660 nm by varying the concentration of steel slag iron oxide nanocomposites. The results illustrate that IF steel slag is a potential material and can be utilized in building materials to increase the resistance against biodeterioration. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Design of Concrete Made with Recycled Brick Waste and Its Environmental Performance

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Ivan Janotka ◽  
Pavel Martauz ◽  
Michal Bačuvčík
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Natural Clays ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Standardized Parameters

In addition to the known uses of natural clays, less publication attention has been paid to clays returned to the production process. Industrially recovered natural clays such as bricks, tiles, sanitary ceramics, ceramic roofing tiles, etc., are applicable in building materials based on concrete as an artificial recycled aggregate or as a pozzolanic type II addition. In this way, the building products with higher added value are obtained from the originally landfilled waste. This paper details the research process of introducing concrete with recycled brick waste (RBW) up to the application output. The emphasis is placed on using a RBW brash as a partial replacement for natural aggregates and evaluating an RBW powder as a type II addition for use in concrete. A set of the results for an RBW is reported by the following: (a) an artificial RBW fine aggregate meets the required standardized parameters for use in industrially made concrete, (b) a RBW powder is suitable for use in concrete as industrially made type II addition TERRAMENT showing the same pozzolanic reactivity as a well-known and broadly used pozzolan-fly ash, and (c) such an RBW as aggregate and as powder are, therefore, suitable for the production of industrially made TRITECH Eco-designed ready-mixed concrete.

scholarly journals PENYULUHAN DAN PERCONTOHAN PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PLASTIK UNTUK MATERIAL BAHAN BANGUNAN DI LINGKUNGAN RPTRA, JAKARTA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Kurniawati ◽  
Lisa Oksri Nelfia ◽  
Ade Okvianti Irlan ◽  
Indrawati Sumeru
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Public Road ◽  
House Construction ◽  
The People ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Construction is growing rapidly nowadays. Buildings, housing, industry/business centers and highways will require natural aggregates which are natural resources that cannot be renewed. Therefore, we need replacement materials able to replace these natural aggregate. The large amount of plastic waste in fields, based on existing data, causes environmental pollution through it can be reused and useful for building and road construction. Most of communities don’t even know the plastic waste processing technology that allow their use in the construction of house construction such as floors, walls, roofs, and hinges and also road construction with not heavy road loads. The purpose of this activity is to provide the knowledge to the people of RPTRA related to technology for the use of plastic waste for building materials and also road construction in the area in the RPTRA environment considering it is not a public road and hence, with not heavy vehicle. The method used is firstly observation and interview of several houses visited. Then activities about using different types of plastic waste as construction materials. Finally, evaluation of the progress of the project by conducting a survey to people who had met the criteria of being a member of the plastic waste program. The success of this program will be the people’s understanding and a significate growing of any highvalue plastic use as construction material. The benefit of this community service is to increase the knowledge and insight of the people of RPTRA, South Meruya, and West Jakarta City, related to environmentally friendly technologies such as plastic waste processing.

scholarly journals The Potentials of Iron and Steel Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Nigerian Construction Industry: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
O. R. Ogirigbo ◽  
J. O. Ukpata ◽  
I. Inerhunwa
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Iron And Steel Production

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is a type of Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) that is currently being used extensively in the global construction industry. SCMs are cheaper than Portland cement, help to improve certain properties of concrete and also help to reduce the environmental footprint associated with the production of Portland cement. GGBS is readily available in most parts of the world as a waste product from iron and steel production. However, its use as a SCM in some countries has not been fully maximized. This is primarily because of lack of documented studies on the properties of GGBS that influences its suitability as a SCM, especially in tropical environments. This paper reviewed the use of GGBS as a SCM for the partial replacement of Portland cement, with particular emphasis on its potential use in tropical warm environments such as Nigeria and other similar countries.

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