scholarly journals Research of the Factors Responsible for Gender Violence in Home and School Environment

Violence is a global issue that has received considerable attention during recent years. Available research has suggested various factors, mostly family and social factors, to possibly affect violence. As previous studies have not examined the relationship between these factors and violent behaviors in adolescents, this research was aimed to assess the relationship between environmental factors and violence in adolescents. The collected data was analyzed by applying multiple regression analysis. Most participants lived in urban areas and about half of them were females. Linear regression test showed violent behaviors to have significant, inverse relationships with love and affection in the family and watching drama and comedy movies. Significant, direct relationships were found between violent behaviors in adolescents and aggressive behaviors in the family and watching crime, police, and action movies. However, the incidence of violent behaviors was not significantly related with the effects of peers and presence of sports facilities. The findings supported that love and affection and healthy pastime (e.g. watching comedy and drama movies) in the family reduce violent behaviors in adolescents. In contrast aggressive behaviors in the family, watching crime, police, and action movies were found to increase violent behaviors in adolescents.

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009
Author(s):  
Laura Ruiz-Eugenio ◽  
Lídia Puigvert ◽  
Oriol Ríos ◽  
Rosa Maria Cisneros

Gender violence poses a serious risk for women, girls, and children worldwide. Despite all efforts put forth to curtail it, few successful results have emerged. Narratives have been used to denounce the reality lived by survivors. However, scarcely any literature has explored how they get to question their own reality and, if they do, how these survivors are able to break the circle of gender violence by making room for nonviolent and egalitarian relationships. This article is a step in this direction: It explores how some girls, after participating in an initiative based on the language of desire, known as “Dialogic Feminist Gatherings,” encourage one another to question the dominant model of socialization in relationships in which attraction is linked to violent behaviors. The analysis focuses on communicative daily life stories (hereafter CDLS) performed in a Spanish high school with female teens after their participation in the gatherings. Drawing from these stories, the article illustrates how this methodological tool allows one to assess the impact of these gatherings on identifying the existence of this dominant model while also pushing to question it. This article also contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between attraction and violence, a risk factor for gender violence previously noted in the scientific literature. The knowledge obtained through this inquiry reinforces an evidence-based approach to having an effective social impact on the struggle against gender violence.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Andrómeda Ivette Valencia-Ortiz ◽  
Mauricio Consuelos-Barrios ◽  
Rubén García-Cruz ◽  
Eric García-López

One of the main points for successful child development is to achieve maturation of the Nervous System. However, growth can be affected by external factors linked to the family or school environment, which can cause behavioral, physical and socio-emotional disturbances to the development of the child, where social skills play a crucial role in preventing aggressive or violent behavior. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the orbitofrontal cortex and aggressive behavior in children from 11 to 13 years old, located in the city of Pachuca, Hidalgo. With a non-experimental design and a correlational scope, an intentional non-probability. A sample of 118 children participated. The participants were evaluated in two sessions, in the first with the Scale of Assertive Behavior for Children (CABS) and the second the Neuropsychological Battery of Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes (BANFE-2). A low and negative statistically significant correlation was found between aggressiveness and severe alteration in the orbitomedial cortex (r = -.273; p = <. 01). They were also highlighting the relationship between aggressiveness and severe alteration in the orbitomedial zone in males (r = -.302; p = <. 05).In conclusion, children who have a severe dysfunction in the orbitomedial cortex usually are more aggressive than those with an average or high score in this zone.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (57) ◽  
pp. 729-739
Author(s):  
Yara Silva da Costa ◽  
Pedro Fernando Dos Santos

Resumo: Esse trabalho tem por finalidade demostrar e analisar a importância da família no processo de aprendizagem do aluno, sendo assim, um dos principais motivos a serem alcançados é trazer a instituição família para esse ambiente escolar. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender a construção do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) em uma Gestão Democrática e Participativa. Visando ainda, destacar as práticas, valores e rotinas enfatizados no cotidiano escolar visando a realidade local que repercutem no espaço familiar. O estudo tem como base refletir a participação coletiva na construção do Projeto Político Pedagógico, entendido como a própria organização do trabalho pedagógico da escola como um todo. O trabalho desenvolvido é de natureza qualitativa com adição do campo, que se deu dentro das atividades do Programa de Residência Pedagógica, Além de adotar para a sua realização, teorias como as de Veiga (1994), Garcêz (2012), Polonia e Dessen (2005), Garcia (2006), a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN 9394/96) e leitura de artigos. Diante disso, foi possível compreender a importâncias da relação entre Família e Escola não somente na construção do PPP, mas também com alicerce na formação de cidadãos como meio de transformação no meio educacional.Palavras-Chave: Família; Escola; Relação; Aprendizagem; PPP. Abstract: This work aims to demonstrate and analyze the importance of the family in the student's learning process, thus, one of the main reasons to be achieved is to bring the family institution to this school environment. The objective of this work is to understand the construction of the Pedagogical Political Project (PPP) in a Democratic and Participatory Management. Also aiming to highlight the practices, values and routines emphasized in the daily school life, aiming at the local reality that affect the family space. The study is based on reflecting the collective participation in the construction of the Political Pedagogical Project, understood as the organization of the school's pedagogical work as a whole. The work developed is of a qualitative nature with the addition of the field, which took place within the activities of the Pedagogical Residency Program, in addition to adopting theories such as those of Veiga (1994), Garcêz (2012), Polonia and Dessen (2005), Garcia (2006), the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDBEN 9394/96) and reading of articles. Therefore, it was possible to understand the importance of the relationship between Family and School not only in the construction of the PPP, but also based on the formation of citizens as a means of transformation in the educational environment.Keywords: Family; School; Relationship; Learning; PPP. 


Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 364-369
Author(s):  
Yisel Pinillos-Patiño ◽  
Yaneth Herazo-Beltrán ◽  
Ronald Tocora-Andrade ◽  
José Aramendiz-Mejía ◽  
Yohan Botello-Montero ◽  
...  

  La distancia hacia la escuela es el principal predictor del tipo de transporte que utilicen los escolares durante su desplazamiento a la institución educativa. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer la relación entre el trasporte activo y la distancia desde el hogar al centro educativo en población estudiantil en la región caribe colombiana. El diseño es de corte transversal en 3067 escolares de básica primaria matriculados en los grados de primero a quinto; se aplicó una encuesta a los padres de familia que midió el tipo de transporte hacia el colegio, la distancia entre la casa y la escuela, al tiempo que destina cada niño durante este recorrido, la existencia de vehículos en el hogar. Se consideró transporte activo al colegio, el desplazamiento en bicicleta y caminando. El 51.3% de los escolares usa un transporte activo para desplazarse de la casa al colegio, el 36.5% reside a una distancian mayor a 1,5 km de la escuela. Es mayor la probabilidad de usar transporte pasivo en distancias mayores a 1500 metros [OR=1,55 (IC 95% 1.34-1.8)]; en recorridos mayores de 15 minutos [OR=1.25 (IC 95% 1.1-1.45)]; y cuando en la familia se tiene vehículo [OR=4.04 (IC 95% 3.4-4.7)]. El transporte activo en la etapa escolar se relaciona con la distancia que se recorre para trasladarse del hogar a la escuela diariamente. Estos resultados contribuyen a diseñar intervenciones intersectoriales e interdisciplinares que incrementen los desplazamientos de los niños hacia modos activos. Abstract. Distance to school is the main predictor of the type of transport used by schoolchildren during their trip to the educational institution. The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between active transportation and the distance from home to the educational center in the student population in the Colombian Caribbean region. The design is cross-sectional in 3,067 elementary school students enrolled in grades one through five; a survey was applied to parents that measured the type of transportation to the school, the distance between the house and the school, the time each child spends during this journey, the existence of vehicles in the home. Active transportation to school, cycling, and walking were considered. 51.3% of schoolchildren use active transportation to get from home to school, 36.5% live at a distance greater than 1.5 km from the school. The probability of using motorized transport over distances greater than 1500 meters is greater [OR = 1.55 (95% CI 1.34-1.8)]; in runs longer than 15 minutes [OR = 1.25 (95% CI 1.1-1.45)]; and when the family has a vehicle [OR = 4.04 (95% CI 3.4-4.7)]. Active transportation in the school stage is related to the distance traveled to get from home to school daily. These results contribute to designing intersectoral and interdisciplinary interventions that increase children's movements towards active modes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1579-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Plotnikoff ◽  
Klaus Gebel ◽  
David Revalds Lubans

Background:According to social-cognitive theory (SCT), self-efficacy affects health behavior both directly and indirectly by influencing how individuals perceive their environment. This study examines whether perceptions of home and school environment mediate the association between self-efficacy and physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in adolescent girls.Methods:Baseline data from the Nutrition and Enjoyable Activity for Teen Girls (NEAT) was used for this study. Grade 8 female students (n = 357) were recruited from 12 secondary schools located in low-income communities in the Hunter Region, New South Wales, Australia. PA was assessed using accelerometers, and sedentary behavior by self-report and accelerometers. Self-reported measures were used for perceived home and school environment and self-efficacy. Multilevel regression models were calculated to determine if the perceived environment mediated the relationship between self-efficacy with both PA and sedentary behavior.Results:The perceptions of the school and home environment did not mediate the relationship between PA self-efficacy and PA behavior or sedentary behavior.Conclusion:The mediated models were not supported for PA or sedentary behavior. However, other results of this paper may be helpful for future theory development and practice. More research is needed to understand behaviors in unique populations such as this.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (57) ◽  
pp. 616-627
Author(s):  
Maria Natália Barboza Santos ◽  
Maria do Socorro Cordeiro de Sousa ◽  
Fernanda Jaylane Da Silva Viana

Resumo: A presente pesquisa tem como objeto de análise a Gestão Democrática na escola pública, buscando assim compreender como se dá esse processo. Toda escola é regida por um gestor, que ocupa um papel primordial no que tange a sua organização, principalmente na questão pedagógica. Todavia, o conceito de Gestão Democrática implica exatamente na divisão dessa responsabilidade entre todos os componentes do recinto escolar. Desta forma, a escolha deste tema para escrita do trabalho parte de observações feitas durante a Residência Pedagógica na escola Dr Severino Alves de Sá, tendo por objetivo analisar como se dá o processo de Gestão Democrática nas escolas e como essa forma de gestão implica em melhorias no ensino público. Entende-se por Gestão Democrática o ato de gerenciar uma escola através da participação de todos, evitando atribuir somente ao gestor a responsabilidade de nortear a instituição escolar, embora ele seja a figura de maior atuação, pois a ele cabe o gerenciamento da parta administrativa, financeira e pedagógica, além de ser um mediador na relação entre todos os membros da escola, a família e a comunidade geral. Dentro do ambiente escolar surge a necessidade de um documento que contenha os direitos e deveres de todos aqueles que compõem aquele espaço, devendo ser desenvolvido em conjunto com todos os envolvidos, ficando exposto em um lugar onde todos possam ter acesso. Esse documento é o Plano Político Pedagógico (PPP), que visa estabelecer as diretrizes que irão permear o ano letivo, e no contexto educacional. Assim, o presente estudo partiu do princípio disposto na legislação vigente, fundamentando-se através de ideias de diferentes estudiosos acerca do assunto, que defendem dentre outras coisas, sua aplicação como essencial para a melhoria do ensino nas escolas públicas. Para tanto, o aporte teórico adveio de Lima (2018), Paro (2006), Luck (2005, 2009), Gadotti (2004) e Souza (2018), dentre outros. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico. Assim, foi possível constatar que uma gestão democrática se faz através de ações que torne possível a divisão da responsabilidade do processo educativo entre o gestor e todos que compõe a escola, buscando assim uma educação de qualidade para todos, tendo como base o Art:206 e a LDB (Lei n. 9.394/96), além do Projeto Político Pedagógico, documento norteador das ações e decisões referente as instituições escolares. Palavras-chave: Escola Pública, Gestão Escolar, Projeto Político Pedagógico. Abstract: This research has as its object of analysis the Democratic Management in public schools, seeking to understand how this process takes place. Every school is governed by a manager, who plays a key role in terms of its organization, especially in terms of teaching. However, the concept of Democratic Management implies exactly the division of this responsibility among all the components of the school premises. Thus, the choice of this theme for the writing of the work is based on observations made during the Pedagogical Residency at the Dr Severino Alves de Sá school, aiming to analyze how the process of Democratic Management in schools takes place and how this form of management implies improvements in public education. Democratic Management is understood as the act of managing a school through the participation of all, avoiding assigning only the manager the responsibility of guiding the school institution, although he is the most active figure, as he is responsible for managing the administrative part, financial and pedagogical, in addition to being a mediator in the relationship between all members of the school, the family and the general community. Within the school environment, there is a need for a document that contains the rights and duties of all those who make up that space, which should be developed together with everyone involved, being exposed in a place where everyone can have access. This document is the Pedagogical Political Plan (PPP), which aims to establish the guidelines that will permeate the school year, and in the educational context. Thus, the present study started from the principle established in the current legislation, based on ideas from different scholars on the subject, who defend, among other things, its application as essential for the improvement of teaching in public schools. Therefore, the theoretical support came from Lima (2018), Paro (2006), Luck (2005, 2009), Gadotti (2004) and Souza (2018), among others. Methodologically, the research is qualitative and bibliographical in nature. Thus, it was possible to see that democratic management is done through actions that make it possible to divide the responsibility of the educational process between the manager and everyone who makes up the school, thus seeking quality education for all, based on Art:206 and the LDB (Law No. 9,394/96), in addition to the Pedagogical Political Project, a document that guides actions and decisions regarding school institutions. Keywords: Public School, School Management, Pedagogical Political Project.


2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 3316-3325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millie Barrett ◽  
Sarah Crozier ◽  
Daniel Lewis ◽  
Keith Godfrey ◽  
Sian Robinson ◽  
...  

AbstractObjectiveTo explore associations between dietary quality and access to different types of food outlets around both home and school in primary school-aged children.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingHampshire, UK.SubjectsChildren (n1173) in the Southampton Women’s Survey underwent dietary assessment at age 6 years by FFQ and a standardised diet quality score was calculated. An activity space around each child’s home and school was created using ArcGIS. Cross-sectional observational food outlet data were overlaid to derive four food environment measures: counts of supermarkets, healthy specialty stores (e.g. greengrocers), fast-food outlets and total number of outlets, and a relative measure representing healthy outlets (supermarkets and specialty stores) as a proportion of total retail and fast-food outlets.ResultsIn univariate multilevel linear regression analyses, better diet score was associated with exposure to greater number of healthy specialty stores (β=0·025sd/store: 95 % CI 0·007, 0·044) and greater exposure to healthy outlets relative to all outlets in children’s activity spaces (β=0·068sd/10 % increase in healthy outlets as a proportion of total outlets, 95 % CI 0·018, 0·117). After adjustment for mothers’ educational qualification and level of home neighbourhood deprivation, the relationship between diet and healthy specialty stores remained robust (P=0·002) while the relationship with the relative measure weakened (P=0·095). Greater exposure to supermarkets and fast-food outlets was associated with better diet only in the adjusted models (P=0·017 andP=0·014, respectively).ConclusionsThe results strengthen the argument for local authorities to increase the number of healthy food outlets to which young children are exposed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Rinduan Zain ◽  
Zahrotun Salimah

This study analyzes the relationship and scale of influence in the school environment toward students' tolerance. This research was conducted in Senior High School State 8 Yogyakarta. The population was all 809 students. The sampling technique used in this research is probability sampling with the method stratified random sampling so that the respondents were obtained, 271 students. The independent variable was in the school environment, and the dependent variable was in the form of tolerance. The data was collected used a questionnaire. The data has been collected and analyzed using bivariate correlation analysis and simple linear regression correlation using SPSS version 16. The bivariate correlation analysis was produced a correlation coefficient of 0.43 and a significance value of 0. It showed the relationship between school environment and tolerance with enough correlation categorize so that Ha accepted and H0 rejected. Meanwhile, regression similarity Y = 37.621 + 0.525 X. The significance value of the regression test was of 0, t-count > t-table = 7.815 > 1.968. So, Ha accepted, and H0 rejected. The school environment influences students' formation tolerance in Senior High School State 8 Yogyakarta of 53%.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Michal Hanák ◽  
Václav Šimek ◽  
Kateřina Bočková

The aim of this paper is to find out how the secondary socialization of children from home education takes place and to map the personal experiences and opinions of parents educating their children at home. The paper is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part deals with the socialization as a necessary process in the life of each individual, we describe the various types of socialization, we deal with a different concept of socialization according to where it takes place, i.e. in the home and school environment. The theoretical part forms the basis for the empirical part. For the implementation of the research, we chose qualitative research using semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with parents who currently have a child or children in home education. According to the results of the research, home schooled children are secondarily socialized in regular and sporadic meetings with other home schooled children, either as part of celebrations and other social events or for the purpose of learning together in a small group of children. Another way are friends with whom they see each other several times a week in hobby groups or visit each other. Furthermore, the family and siblings, play an important role in the socialization process. Due to age differences, siblings can help each other in many ways, learn from each other and spend free time together. The limit of the presented work is a small sample of respondents and the associated impossibility to generalize the results. However, the research went into depth on the topic and brings forward the subjective opinions and experiences of parents. Another limit is the implementation of the interviews through the telephone, which does not allow for the observation of non-verbal expressions of the respondents during the interview, which can reveal a lot.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the connection between the school environment and the manifestations of students’ risky behaviour and their mental health. The study is actual due to the spread of students' risky behaviour in Ukraine and insufficient attention of Ukrainian sociologists to the relationship of educational institutions with the health of community. The authors of the article substantiate the relationship between the characteristics of the school environment and student behaviour and emphasise that the positive school climate is a significant factor in reducing various manifestations of students’ risky behaviour. The authors define “school climate” as a qualitative characteristic of relations between teachers, between students, and between teachers and students, a set of psychological, moral and social conditions that promote or inhibit productive joint activities of school staff, and actualize or minimize socially acceptable or destructive behaviour of youth; “risky behavior” – as a problem or antisocial behaviour manifested as aggression, violence, deviances, crimes, taking psychotropic substances. The empirical basis of the study includes the results of the Ukrainian-Polish survey “Mental Health and Risky Behaviour of Adolescents”, conducted in October – December 2016 among adolescents from Ukraine and Poland, based on the methodology of Polish study on adolescents’ mental health that is more commonly known as the Mokotow Study and has been regularly conducted since the late 1980s. Based on the research results, the authors analyse various aspects of school relationship that influence the school psychological climate. The authors draw particular attention to students' trust to each other, their readiness to help others in problem-solving, providing psychological support as well as the respondents' attitudes towards their school and the way they feel in the school environment. In the obtained data, there prevail respondents' positive evaluation of the school climate. The authors present a correlation analysis that proves a positive relationship between the school climate and students' risky behaviour. The logical regression analysis also shows its influence on the minimising/actualising of students' risky behaviour. The authors demonstrate the decisive role of the family, in particular, children-parents relationship. In conclusion, they formulate the scope of objectives and tasks for the organisation of preventive work in the school and the family.


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