scholarly journals Investigation of Weighted Scales for Measuring Visual Fatigue in Screen Tasks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong FENG ◽  
Fei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Saccade Amplitude ◽  
Subjective Testing ◽  
Testing Accuracy ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Fixation Frequency

<p>The “screening” trend of modern society has been progressively increasing burden on human visual system, and visual fatigue problems are attracting growing attention. Nowadays, subjective testing is the most widely used measurement for visual fatigue; however, the low accuracy of subjective testing has been hindering its further development. Motivated by the idea of weighted scoring, this study investigated the effects of two weighted scales for measuring visual fatigue in screening tasks. Specifically, a questionnaire with 10 items collected from classic scales was performed with an eye-tracking testing in two typical screen visual fatigue experiments, i.e., searching and watching. Then the subjective scores were factor-analyzed into three subscales before attempting linear regressions, which set the dependent to two previously validated eye-tracking parameters, i.e., fixation frequency or saccade amplitude. Finally two weighted scales were obtained in assessing visual fatigue of varying levels, which demonstrated the potential to improve testing accuracy of visual fatigue with the calibration of objective measurement.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation of Weighted Scales for Measuring Visual Fatigue in Screen Tasks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong FENG ◽  
Fei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Saccade Amplitude ◽  
Subjective Testing ◽  
Testing Accuracy ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Fixation Frequency

<p>The “screening” trend of modern society has been progressively increasing burden on human visual system, and visual fatigue problems are attracting growing attention. Nowadays, subjective testing is the most widely used measurement for visual fatigue; however, the low accuracy of subjective testing has been hindering its further development. Motivated by the idea of weighted scoring, this study investigated the effects of two weighted scales for measuring visual fatigue in screening tasks. Specifically, a questionnaire with 10 items collected from classic scales was performed with an eye-tracking testing in two typical screen visual fatigue experiments, i.e., searching and watching. Then the subjective scores were factor-analyzed into three subscales before attempting linear regressions, which set the dependent to two previously validated eye-tracking parameters, i.e., fixation frequency or saccade amplitude. Finally two weighted scales were obtained in assessing visual fatigue of varying levels, which demonstrated the potential to improve testing accuracy of visual fatigue with the calibration of objective measurement.</p>

Book Review: Toshchenko Zh.T. Trauma Society: Between Evolution and Revolution (The Experience of Theoretical and Empirical Analysis). Moscow: Ves’ Mir, 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Krivosheev
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Trauma Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research ◽  
Further Development

The review reveals the basic conceptions elaborated by one of the major Russian modern sociologists Zh.T. Toshchenko in his new research. The reviewer argues that the book’s author thoroughly examines the various methodological grounds for identifying the essential characteristics of social dynamics. At the same time, the reviewer focuses on the further development of the theory of modern society, proposed by the book’s author. Thus, Zh.T. Toshchenko, who spent many years researching social deformations, formulates an important concept – the concept of a society of trauma as the third modality of social development along with evolution and revolution. The book offers a fundamentally new view of social life, there is a holistic, systematic approach to all its processes and phenomena. The reviewer concludes that the new book of the social theorist Zh.T. Toshchenko is a significant contribution to sociological theory, since it develops ideas about the state and prospects of Russian society, gives accurate assessments of all social processes.

Investigation and modeling of visual fatigue caused by S3D content using eye-tracking

Displays ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iana Iatsun ◽  
Mohamed-Chaker Larabi ◽  
Christine Fernandez-Maloigne
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Visual Fatigue

A Review of Literature Relating to Visual Fatigue

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Human Visual System ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Area Of Concern

The design of workstations with visual displays has become the subject of considerable interest and concern during the past few years. One area of concern relates to the assumption that long term viewing of such displays at close focal distances may contribute to visual fatigue. A second is the effect on the human visual system of the frequent changes in surface illumination associated with display units used in combination with hard copy documents. As a consequence of these and other concerns, the popular press has published articles that have aroused the interest of various scientific organizations regarding the subject of these effects. This paper discusses a review of some of the literature regarding a limited aspect of this issue, namely the accommodation and pupillary systems as they relate to long term viewing of visual display units.

scholarly journals Features of the perception of the world by the modern younger generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 10012
Author(s):  
Zarema Masaeva ◽  
Laura Kagermazova ◽  
Irina Danchenko
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Further Development

Today, in the era of globalization of modern society, it is important to create a favorable environment for the younger generation. The presence of fears in children at preschool age prevents favorable mental development. This paper reflects the results of a study to identify the prevailing fears in children in preschool age. According to the results of the conducted empirical research, it was revealed that there is a tendency to increase fears in children, due to individual characteristics and the present stresses, neuroticism in preschool children. The results show that preschool childhood is one of the most difficult periods, which is characterized by neurotic fears that cause a general deterioration of the child’s psychoemotional state. It is very important to register the emotional changes of a preschooler, since the lack of information about the occurrence and development of fears in children causes complex barriers in the child’s further development.

scholarly journals Reception as a Unity of Cultural and Historical Memory, Oblivion, and Imagination

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (4–5) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
N.A. Tereshchenko ◽  
◽  
T.M. Shatunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
The University ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Outstanding Representative

This article is dedicated to the memory of Evgenii Aleksandrovich Chiglintsev, a brilliant historian, an outstanding representative of the university intelligentsia, and a wonderful comrade with the best human qualities. E.A. Chiglintsev’s works are interdisciplinary, useful for practically all humanities, and certainly important from the philosophical and socio-philosophical perspectives. The study aims to analyze and evaluate the phenomenon of cultural reception in the context of E.A. Chiglintsev’s writings. The main problematic field of the article is the meanings, boundaries, and prospects of the phenomenon of reception, which has become one of the main subjects of E.A. Chiglintsev’s research interest. E.A. Chiglintsev focused mostly on the universal meaning of reception, whereas this article also considers its historical backgrounds, as well as the possibilities and meanings of cultural and historical receptions in the modern culture and society. The research is relevant due to the practical need to develop an adequate attitude to the past in the modern society, i.e., because of the need to distinguish what and in what forms should be remembered, what and how to forget, how to take fire from the past, not ashes. Today, every person who considers himself or herself modern must constantly undergo the path of rethinking his or her historical past, and thus participate in the reception of past cultures. The conclusion is made about the historicity of reception, the classical forms of which are developing in the modern culture, about the problematic nature of this phenomenon in the postmodern culture. The problem of further development of the meaning of reception in the modern culture and its limits is posed.

scholarly journals Screening for Stereopsis Using an Eye-Tracking Glasses-Free Display in Adults: A Pilot Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Tian Han ◽  
Yang Shen ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Display System ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Tracking Technology

Purpose:To explore the feasibility and repeatability of a novel glasses-free display combined with random-dot stimulus and eye-tracking technology for screening stereopsis in adults.Methods:A total of 74 patients aged 18–44 years were recruited in this study (male: female, 32:42), including 33 patients with high myopia [≤ -6.0 diopters (D)] and 41 patients with moderate-to-low myopia (&gt;-6.0 D). Stereopsis was measured using glasses-free, polarized, and Titmus stereotests. All patients completed a visual fatigue questionnaire after the polarized stereotest and glasses-free test. Kendall's W and Cohen's Kappa tests were used to evaluate repeatability and consistency of the glasses-free stereotest.Results:The stereotest results using the glasses-free monitor showed strong repeatability in the three consecutive tests (W = 0.968, P &lt; 0.01) and good consistency with the polarized stereotest and Titmus test results (vs. polarization: Kappa = 0.910, P &lt; 0.001; vs. Titmus: Kappa = 0.493, P &lt; 0.001). Stereopsis levels of the high myopia group were significantly poorer than those of the moderate-to-low myopia group in three stereotest monitors (all P &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in visual fatigue level between the polarized and the glasses-free display test (P = 0.72). Compared with the polarized test, 56.76% of patients preferred the glasses-free display and found it more comfortable, 20.27% reported both tests to be acceptable.Conclusions:In our adult patients, the new eye-tracking glasses-free display system feasibly screened stereopsis with good repeatability, consistency, and patient acceptance.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of the phenomenon of social destructiveness from the perspective of archaization theory within the Russian socio-philosophical discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Arsenii Belomytsev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Critical Overview

The subject of this article is the attempts of the Russian researchers to interpret the destructive processes in modern Russian society through the prism of development of archaization theory. Due to the lack of semantic definiteness, the concept of social archaization is often attributed to similar ones, such as &ldquo;traditionalism&rdquo;, &ldquo;barbarization&rdquo;, &ldquo;patriarchalization&rdquo;, &ldquo;New Middle Ages", etc. The diversity of existing approaches substantiates the need to determine a certain theoretical core, which would become the foundation for further hypotheses. Special attention is given to problem of absence of a unified approach towards the definition of archaizing processes, as well as to the need for clarification and further functionality of the concept of social archaization. The novelty of this research consists in the critical overview and determination of flaws in the existing concepts of social archaization. It is demonstrated that the relevant findings of the Russian researchers do not always explain the origin of destructive processes in the Russian society. The effective practical solution to complications related to the phenomenon of social destruction is yet to be developed. The author proposes an alternative approach towards determination of the causes of archaization of the Russian society at the current stage; outlines the promising ways of reflection on archaizing trends; as well as formulates a refined definition of archaization of the modern society. The acquired results aim to lay theoretical foundation for further development and implementation of measures on overcoming destructive consequences of social archaicism.

scholarly journals THE IMPROVEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING ORGANIZATION OF THE X-RAY SCREENING SYSTEMS OPERATORS BY USING THE EYE MOVEMENTS REGISTRATION SYSTEM AND METHODS OF CLUSTER AND DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-36
Author(s):  
A. K. Volkov ◽  
V. V. Ionov
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Registration System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tracking Technology ◽  
Screening Systems

The X-ray screening systems operators’ professional training is based on the CBT (computer-based training) principle, which has algorithms of adaptive training. These algorithms in existing computer simulators include feedback mechanisms on the basis of trainability exponents – such as the frequency of detecting dangerous objects, the frequency of false alarms and detection time. Further enhancement of the operators’ simulator training effectiveness is associated with the integration of psychophysiological mechanisms providing monitoring of their functional state. Based on the analysis of the particularities of x-ray screening systems operators’ professional training associated with the formation of competences in dangerous objects visual search, the most perspective method is the Eye tracking technology. Domestic and foreign studies of the eye movements characteristics while solving professional tasks in training process are actively developed in various areas. There are no studies of visual search peculiarities in domestic practice in contrast to exterior studies. This research is aimed at considering the usage of Eye tracking technology in the training of x-ray screening systems operators. As the result of the experimental research with the use of mobile eye-tracker Sensomotoric Instruments Eye Tracking Glasses 2.0 the statistical data of eye movement parameters of two groups of subjects with different levels of training have been received. The application of cluster and discriminant analyses methods allowed to identify General classes of these parameters, as well as to obtain the discriminants functions for each group under examination. The theoretical significance of the peculiarities of the operators’ eye movement studies is to identify the patterns of prohibited items visual search. The practical importance of implementation of Eye tracking technology and statistical analysis methods is to increase the reliability of assessment the level of formed competence of x-ray screening systems’ operators in visual search, as well as to develop the potential system of operators’ state monitoring and assessing their visual fatigue.

The Investigation of Simultaneous EEG and Eye Tracking Characteristics During Fixation Task in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 155005942093275
Author(s):  
Malihe Moghadami ◽  
Sahar Moghimi ◽  
Ali Moghimi ◽  
Gholam Reza Malekzadeh ◽  
Javad Salehi Fadardi
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Fixational Eye Movements ◽  
Fixation Task ◽  
Fixation Frequency

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that occurs many years before the first clinical symptoms. Finding more exact, significant, and valuable criteria or indices for the diagnosis of the mild form of Alzheimer’s disease is very important for clinical and research purposes. Electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking biomarkers would provide noninvasive tools for the early detection of AD. Due to the advantages of EEG and eye tracking, in this study, we employed them simultaneously to conduct research on the mild AD. For this purpose, 19 patients with mild AD were compared with 19 gender- and age-matched normal subjects who did not have any history of cognitive or neurological disorders. EEG and eye-tracking data were concurrently collected in both groups in a fixation task. Our results revealed that the total fixation duration was significantly shorter for the AD patients, but their fixation frequency was more than that of the controls. In addition, increased theta power and decreased alpha power were observed in the AD group. Interestingly, there was a statistically significant correlation between fixation frequency and alpha power in the parietal area in the control group. However, this connection was not statistically significant in the AD group. The findings also indicated an elevated coherence in the AD patients in the parieto-occipital area. It is assumed that the AD patients might use the neural compensational processes for the fixation state. This study provides evidence for the simultaneously EEG and eye-tracking changes in the areas, which are involved in the control of the fixational eye movements.

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