scholarly journals PHYSICAL STABILITY TEST AND ETHANOL CREAM IRRITATION TEST OF Moringa oleifera L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Nining Sugihartini ◽  
◽  
Zainab Zainab ◽  
Aji Pamungkas ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Topical Dosage ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

The development of topical dosage forms of Moringa leaf extract cream has been carried out because of its properties that can moisturize the skin. A pharamceutical preparation must meet the requirements of stability and non toxic. The study aimed to determine the effect of variations un the concentration ethanol extract cream of Moringa leaf of physical stability and irritability. Ethanol extract of Moringa leaves was obtained by maceration method with 50% ethanol solvent. The extract was then formulated in the form of O/W base scarring with concentrations of 1% (F1), 3% (F2), and 5% (F3). Creams were evaluated for physical stability including mechanical tests (centrifugation) and physical stability at room temperature (25 ± 2oC) with parameters pH, viscosity on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. In addition, creams were also evaluated for their irritability in vivo with using test animals (rabbits). The data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. The results of the physical stability test showed that an increase in the concentration of Moringa leaf extract caused an increase in viscosity (P <0.5) and a decrease in pH (P <0.5) but did not affect physical stability (mechanical test) and its irritating effect. F2 (1%) has a pH of 7.61 while F4 (5%) is 7.01. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that variations in the concentration of ethanol extract of Moringa leaves can affect the physical stability of the cream and do not affect its irritation properties. Moringa leaf ethanol extract cream with a concentration of 5% (F4) has physical stability and does not irritate the skin better than other formulas.

scholarly journals USING HAIR GROWTH ACTIVITY, PHYSICAL STABILITY, AND SAFETY TESTS TO STUDY HAIR TONICS CONTAINING ETHANOL EXTRACT OF LICORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA LINN.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Sheila Meitania Utami ◽  
Joshita Djajadisastra ◽  
Fadlina Chany Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Hair Growth ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Licorice Extract ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Skin Irritation Test

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the safety, physical stability, and hair growth activity of ethanol extract of licorice.Methods: In this study, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% licorice extract was formulated into a hair tonic as a tonic is easier to use and is not sticky like a semisoliddosage. The hair growth activity test was conducted by rubbing the hair tonic preparations on rabbit’s backs; subsequently, the hair length, hairthickness, hair weight, and hair density were measured. Quantitative analysis of glycyrrhizic acid from the licorice ethanol extract with a ultravioletspectrophotometer showed a level of about 156.65 mg/g or 15.665%. The physical stability test was performed on samples of the tonic stored at low(4±2°C), room (25±2°C), and high (40±2°C) temperature, and a cycling test was also performed. The safety test was performed using an eye irritationtest that employed the Hen’s egg test–chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) method and a skin irritation test that employed the patch test method.Results: The hair tonics containing 5% and 10% licorice extract had an equivalent activity of hair growth and even better than the positive controlcontaining 2% minoxidil. The physical stability test showed that the licorice extract hair tonic has good physical stability. The results of the safety testshowed no skin irritation, whereas the HET-CAM test showed that the hair tonic containing licorice extract showed mild eye irritation.Conclusions: Licorice ethanol extract hair tonic solutions in concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% had hair growth activity similar to that of thepositive control (minoxidil). They have a good physical and chemical stability, also safe for topical use, except the 2.5% licorice ethanol extract hairtonic solution which caused mild eye irritation.

scholarly journals Uji Stabilitas Fisik Formula Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lamk.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
S Slamet ◽  
Bibah Dewi Anggun ◽  
Dwi Bagus Pambudi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Dispersion Test ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

Abstrak. Tanaman kelor mempunyai khasiat sebagai antibakteri. Penambahan ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) di dalam sediaan gel diperkirakan dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas fisik sediaan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji stabilitas fisik sediaan gel yang mengandung ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) pada berbagai konsentrasi (1%, 3% dan 5%). Uji stabilitas fisik sedian gel dilakukan setelah penyimpanan selama 14 hari pada suhu ruangan dan uji cycling test (2o±40o C). Parameter stabilitas adalah organoleptis, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, pH, viskositas dan cycling test. Hasil ketiga formulasi menunjukkan stabilitas yang sesuai persyaratan sediaan gel diuji pada pengamatan organoleptis, daya sebar, daya lekat, pH, viskositas dan hasil uji cycling test.       Kata kunci : Gel, Kelor, Stabilitas Fisik   Physical Stability Test Formula Ready Gel Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa Oleifera Lamk.)   Abstract. Moringa plants have efficacy as an antibacterial. The addition of moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) preparation required to affect the physical stability of the preparation. The study aims to test the physical stability of gel preparations containing Moringa oleifera Lamk. Leaf extract at various concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%). gel formula physical stability test was carried out after storage for 14 days at room temperature and the cycling test (2o ± 40o C). The stability parameters are organoleptic, dispersion test, adhesion test, pH, viscosity, cycling test. The results of the three formulations showed that stability according to the requirements of the gel preparation. Gel preparation tested on observations of organoleptic, spreadability, adhesion, pH, viscosity, and cycling test results.  Keyword: Gel, Moringa, Physical Stability

scholarly journals FORMULATION, STABILTY TEST AND ENZYME ACTIVITY TEST TYROSINASE OF CREAM PEPARATIONS FROM HERENDONG FRUIT EXTRACT(Melastoma affine D. Don)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-173
Author(s):  
Zuraida Sagala ◽  
Kurnia Telaumbanua
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Tyrosinase Enzyme ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
The Stability

One way to prevent or inhibit melanin formation is by inhibiting tyrosinase activity (Lloyd,2011). Tyrosinase enzyme is an enzyme that plays a role in the formation of skin pigments or known as melanogenesis. In the process of melanogenesis, the enzyme tyrosinase acts as a catalyst in two different reactions, namely the hydroxylation process of tyrosine to dihydroxy-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) and oxidation of L-DOPA to quinone DOPA. Tyrosinase in skin tissue is activated by solar UV radiation so that it accelerates the process of melanin production (Fais et al.  2009).  This  study  was  conducted  to  determine  the  stability,  effectiveness  of  cream preparations from ethanol extracts of Harendong fruit (Melastoma affine D. Don) as tyrosinase enzyme inhibitors so it can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for whitening or skin lightening. Results Cream with variants of Harendong (Melastoma affine D. Don) ethanol extract was physically stable and formulated with organoleptic test, homogeneity, viscosity, mechanical test, pH, cycling test, and irritation test. Type M / A cream preparations from ethanol extract of Harendong fruit (Melastoma affine D. Don) have a strong / moderate tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor activity with IC50 values of F1 (1%) of 526,192 ppm, F2 (1.5%) ) amounted to 317,534 ppm and F3  (2%)  amounted  to  128,523  ppm.  Keywords: Foemulation,  stability test, activity test, tyrosinase enzyme, herenong fruit (Melastoma affine G.Don)

POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MAHKOTA DEWA LEAVES (PHALERIA MACROCARPA (SCHECFF.) BOERL.) TO INHIBIT INFLAMMATION IN MOUSE DISTAL COLON INDUCED BY DEXTRAN SODIUM SULFATE (DSS) AND AZOXYMETHANE (AOM)

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ILHAM DHIYA RAKASIWI ◽  
KUSMARDI KUSMARDI ◽  
ARI ESTUNINGTYAS ◽  
ARYO TEDJO
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Objective: To demonstrates the ability of P. macrocarpa leaf extract to reduce inflammation of the distal colon in DSS/AOM-induced mice. Methods: In vivo experimental research using Balb/c mice induced by 0.2 ml azoxymethane (AOM) 0.1% once and 1% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) for one week; additionally, ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa leaves, 25 mg and 50 mg, and 0.84 mg acetosal were given orally. The mice were sacrificed after 20 w. Histopathological examination (hematoxylin-eosin staining) was conducted by counting the average number of goblet cells per crypt, inflammatory focus and angiogenesis. Results: Ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa leaves was able to prevent the decrease in the number of goblet cells (p<0.05). However, the administration of ethanol P. macrocarpa leaf extract could not reduce focal inflammation and angiogenesis in inflammation of the distal colon. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of the Mahkota Dewa leaves is able to prevent inflammation of the distal colon by preventing the decrease in the number of goblet cells.

HAIR TONIC FORMULATION OF CLOVE LEAVES (SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM) ETHANOL EXTRACT AND THE EFFECTIVENESS ON RABBIT HAIR GROWTH

2020 ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
HAFIZHATUL ABADI ◽  
HANAFIS SASTRA WINATA ◽  
PARHAN ◽  
VIVI EULIS DIANA ◽  
ADEK CHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Stability Tests ◽  
Concentration Variation

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the physical stability and effectiveness of hair growth in hair tonic preparations containing ethanol extract of clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum) with a concentration variation of 5, 10, and 15%. Methods: Formulations were evaluated, including organoleptic observation, pH checking, and preparation stability tests using the Climatic Chamber. The effectiveness of clove leaf extract as a hair tonic was tested by looking at hair growth in test animals. Results: The results showed that the preparation was stable at high temperatures (40±2 °C) where the odor, color, clarity, and pH remained constant. Effectiveness test on rabbit hair growth showed significantly different results after measuring hair growth on the 21st day, where the results were 11.83+0.06 mm for positive control, 1.71+0.06 mm as blank, 1.69+0.06 mm for the group without treatment, and successively the results of the group given clove leaf extract 5, 10, and 15% were 4.00+0.06; 4.80+0.06; and 5.46+0.08 mm. Conclusion: Hair tonics containing clove ethanol extract can increase rabbit hair growth.

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS KRIM ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Nurul S Majid ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean ◽  
Gayatri Citraningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Test Parameters

ABSTRACT Jackfruit leaves contain saponins, flavonoids and tannins. Which are know to have antibacterial compounds. The purpose of this study is to make cream of jackfruit leaf extract with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% and test the quality of preparations of  jackfruit leaf extract cream and  there is antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method used is the ethanol extract of Jackfruit leaves by formulating it as an M/A type cream. The results showed the cream of  jackfruit leaf extract fulfilled all the physical stability tests of the cream and in the antibacterial testing of cream of Jackfruit leaf extract could inhibit the effectiveness of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. As concluded, the Jackfruit leaf extract Conclusions obtained by jackfruit leaf extract can be formulated as a cream with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%, and cream preparations meet the cream quality test parameters, for testing the effectiveness of antibacterial to the biggest inhibition zone Staphylococcus aureus is 10.5 mm at 15% concentration. Keywords: Jackfruit leaves, cream antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus. ABSTRAK Daun Nangka memiliki kandungan saponin, flavonoid dan tannin yang berperan sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membuat krim ekstrak daun Nangka dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, menguji mutu  dan efektivitas antibakteri krim ekstrak daun Nangka terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ekstrak etanol daun Nangka dengan memformulasikan sebagai krim dengan tipe M/A. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan krim ekstrak daun Nangka memenuhi semua uji kestabilan fisik krim dan dalam pengujian antibakteri krim ekstrak daun Nangka dapat menghambat efektivitas bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Kesimpulan yang diapat ekstrak daun Nangka dapat diformulasikan sebagai krim dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, dan  sediaan krim memenuhi parameter uji kualitas krim, untuk pengujian efektivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus zona hambat terbesar yaitu 10,5 mm pada konsentrasi 15%. Kata kunci: Daun Nangka, krim antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SESEWANUA (Clerodendron squamatum Vahl.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Meyla C. M. Pratasik ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean ◽  
Weny I Wiyono
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dispersion Test ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Sesewanua Leaves (Clerodendron squamatum Vahl.) have the potential to be made as skin care cosmetic preparations but must be in the right formulation to achieve the desired effect. The aim of this study was to determine the physical stability of a cream from Sesewanua leaf extract. This study used a experimental method by making ethanol extract of Sesewanua leaves with a concentration of 0.5% and physical stability test. Physical evaluation was carried out before and after cycling test through organoleptic observation, homogenety test, pH test, dispersion test, adhesion test, viscosity test, centrifugation test and cream type determination. The results of the physical evaluation showed that F1 without Sesewanua leaf extract and F2 with Sesewanua leaf extract creams met the requirements of physical stability, so can be concluded that Sesewanua leaf extract can be formulated into cream preparations with concentration of 0.5% which is physically stable before and after cycling test. Keywords: Sesewanua Leaves, Cream, Physical Stability  ABSTRAK Daun Sesewanua (Clerodendron squamatum Vahl.) berpotensi untuk dibuat sebagai sediaan kosmetik perawatan kulit namun harus dengan formulasi yang tepat agar mencapai efek yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas fisik sediaan krim ekstrak daun sesewanua. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan membuat krim ekstrak etanol daun Sesewanua dengan konsentrasi 0,5% dan uji stabilitas fisik. Evaluasi fisik dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah cycling test melalui pengamatan organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, uji viskositas, uji sentrifugasi dan penentuan tipe krim. Hasil evaluasi fisik menunjukkan krim F1 tanpa ekstrak daun Sesewanua dan F2 dengan ekstrak daun Sesewanua memenuhi persyaratan stabilitas fisik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan ekstrak daun sesewanua dapat diformulasi menjadi sediaan krim dengan konsentrasi 0,5% yang stabil secara fisik sebelum dan sesudah cycling test. Kata Kunci : Daun Sesewanua, Krim, Stabilitas Fisik

The stability and irritability study of the chitosan–Aloe vera spray gel as wound healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-656
Author(s):  
Dini Retnowati ◽  
Retno Sari ◽  
Esti Hendradi ◽  
Septiani Septiani
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Dermal Irritation ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Dermal Irritation Test

Abstract Objectives Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide widely used in various clinical applications including regeneration of skin tissue. Aloe vera has properties in healing burns on the skin, anti-inflammatory effect, and leaves a protective layer on the skin after drying so it provides protection to the wound. The spray gel of chitosan–A. vera was developed as a wound healing that has combined of effect of both component and easy to use. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical stability and irritability of chitosan–A. vera spray gel. Methods The spray gel stability test was conducted using thermal cycling and centrifugation methods. The organoleptic, viscosity, and pH of the spray were evaluated. The irritation test was performed by Draize Rabbit Test method. Results Chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) spray gel characteristics has a weak yellow color, clear, and a strong A. vera odor. The pH of the spray gel was 4.88 ± 0.01; and the viscosity was 36.50 ± 0.23 cps. The result from the chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) spray gel stability test using thermal cycling method showed a decrease of viscosity, but remained stable when evaluated using centrifugation method. There was no difference in the pH and organoleptic observation from both tests. Based on the scoring and analysis of the reaction in rabbit skin, the Primary Irritation Index (PII) obtained was 0.56. Conclusions The spray gel of chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) was stable and according to response category from the acute dermal irritation test, it can be concluded that chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) spray gel had a slightly irritating effect.

PENGUJIAN EFEKTIFITAS FORMULA GEL EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI GELLING AGENT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT SEDIAAN ANTI JERAWAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Andi Ulfah Magefirah Rasyid ◽  
Zahira Amody
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Accelerated Stability

Beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) is a plant that is often used in traditional medicine because of the presence of several substances that have activity as antimicrobial compounds. Beluntas leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and saponins which can function as antibacterial. This experimental research aimed at obtaining beluntas leaf extract gel and to determine the physical stability and the effectiveness of beluntas extract gel against Propionibacterium acnes. The first step is drying the beluntas leaves and and extracted by maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was then formulated into a gel and evaluated, the evaluation results show that formula 1 is the most stable. The results showed that beluntas leaf extract gel was effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, the inhibition zone obtained was categorized as strong, where the average diameter before the accelerated stability test was 12.02 mm and 11.58 mm after the accelerated stability test.

Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Hair Tonic Ekstrak Daun Cabai Rawit (Capsium Frutescent L). Dengan Variasi Propilenglikol Dan Etanol 96%

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Widitia Pristifa Darajati ◽  
◽  
Yani Ambari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Pepper Leaves ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Clear Solution ◽  
Orange Color

Cayenne pepper leaf (Capsicum frutescents L) is one of the natural ingredients that contains chemical compounds including saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones and flavonoids. Saponin and flavonoid compounds in cayenne pepper leaves have a role to stimulate hair growth. So that it can be used to overcome the problem of hair loss, where hair loss often occurs in the community dueto lack of nutritional intake and excessive use of chemicals. To overcome this, this research was carried out which aims to use preparations from natural ingredients of ethanol extract of cayenne pepper leaves which were made into hairtonic preparations with variations of propylene glycol and 96% ethanol Hairtonic formulations used 96% ethanol, menthol, propylene glycol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, and aquades. Then a physical stability test was carried out to determine at what concentration the hairtonic preparation produced good physical stability. Hairtonic physical stability test was carried out for 14 days of storage with organoleptic results. Brownish orange color in the form of a clear solution and distinctive aroma of cayenne pepper leaf extract, the pH test was from the last cycle Formulation 1: 4.9 then Formulation 2: 5.0 and Formulation 3. : 5.1. Still in the skin pH range of 4.5-6.5, the Viscosity test is from the last cycle of Formulation 1: 1.01 Cps then Formulation 2: 0.95 Cps and Formulation 3: 1.06 Cps. Still in the hair tonic viscosity specification, which is below 5 Cps, in the Specific Gravity test in Formulation 1: 0.9950 gram/ml. then Formulation 2: 0.9951 gram/ml. and Formula 3: 0.9978 gram/ml. Still in the hair tonic viscosity specification, which is ±1 gram/ml. From these results, it can be seen that at concentrations of propylene glycol 10%, 15%, 20% and ethanol 5%, 10%, 15% produced good physical stability

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