scholarly journals REVOLUTIONIZING VALUES IN THE ANTHROPOCENE WITH ARENDT AND MARCUSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Herbert Marcuse ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
Dividing Line

The concept of the Anthropocene finds its origins in geology and assumes that humanity has become a geological force, changing the Earth’s environment in an unprecedented scale, blurring the dividing line between nature and society. This new understanding of the power of human beings is accompanied by the demand for a revolution in values capable of providing ways to deal with the situation we find ourselves in. The purpose of this paper is to briefly explore the use of the notion of Anthropocene as the focal point of an understanding of the radically new character of the current situation by way of its approximation to Hannah Arendt’s notion of acting into nature, as well as to probe the critical analyses on value both of Arendt and Herbert Marcuse to provide a sketch of a possible way of dealing with the Anthropocene’s demand for a revolution in values.

Environmental aspects of mining geomechanics

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Galchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Mineral Sector ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
Induced Changes

The modern technocratic civilization has grown in the conditions of perpetual and irresolvable antagonistic contradiction between the biological essence of human beings as elements of the natural biota of the Earth and the abiological methods used to obtain the needed energy through extermination of the natural biota and its replacement by the anthropogenic biota of different functional purposes. The material and energy basis of the technosphere as an artificial living space for a human being is the substance produced as a result of irreversible destruction of the lithosphere. Permanently increasing difficulty and deeper level of mining make mining geomechanics the top-priority area of research. The stress–strain analysis is a requisite component of studies aimed at selecting a geotechnology and determining its parameters. This analysis evaluates mining-induced stresses. The values of such stresses are determined mainly at critical points of boundaries of mining-caused voids with a view to ensuring stability of exposed surfaces and pillars. The feasibility of ecological evaluation of mining-induced changes in the stress–strain behavior of the disturbed lithosphere using the appropriate procedure being developed can make it possible to rank geotechnologies using the related criteria. This allows taking one more step towards an engineering framework for the concept of sustainable nature and society activity in the course of the mineral sector development. This study has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project No. 19–17–00034).

Emotion Generation Based on a Mismatch Theory of Emotions for Situated Agents

2009 ◽  
pp. 247-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Raïevsky ◽  
François Michaud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Signaling Function ◽  
Emotion Generation ◽  
Collective Foraging ◽  
Mismatch Theory ◽  
Artificial Model ◽  
Made In

Emotion plays several important roles in the cognition of human beings and other life forms, and is therefore a legitimate inspiration for providing situated agents with adaptability and autonomy. However, there is no unified theory of emotion and many discoveries are yet to be made in its applicability to situated agents. One function of emotion commonly identified by psychologists is to signal to other cognitive processes that the current situation requires an adaptation. The main purposes of this chapter are to highlight the usefulness of this signaling function of emotion for situated agents and to present an artificial model of anger and fear based on mismatch theories of emotion, which aims at replicating this function. Collective foraging simulations are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the model and to characterize its influence on a decision-making architecture.

Human-Centered Conceptualization and Natural Language

2006 ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
Javier Andrade ◽  
Juan Ares ◽  
Rafael García ◽  
Santiago Rodríguez ◽  
Andrés Silva
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Software Process ◽  
Conceptual Modeling ◽  
Modeling Languages ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Problem

Conceptual modeling appears to be the heart of good software development (Jackson, 2000). The creation of a conceptual model helps to understand the problem raised and represents the human-centered/problem-oriented moment in the software process, as opposed to the computer-centered/software-oriented moment of the computational models (Blum, 1996). The main objective of human computer interaction (HCI) is also precisely to make human beings the focal point that technology should serve rather than the other way round. The conceptual models are built with conceptual modeling languages (CMLs), whose specification involves constructors and rules on how to combine these constructors into meaningful statements about the problem. Considering the criterion of the representation capability of the CMLs in software engineering, their main drawback is that they remain too close to the development aspects (Jackson, 1995). The constructors are too much oriented toward the computational solution of the problem, and therefore, the problem is modeled with implementation concepts (computer/software solution sensitivity) rather than concepts that are proper to human beings (human/problem sensitivity) (Andrade, Ares, García & Rodríguez, 2004). This stands in open opposition to what we have said about the moments in the software process and HCI. Moreover, this situation seriously complicates the essential validation of the achieved conceptual model, because it is drawn up in technical terms that are very difficult to understand by the person who faces the problem (Andrade et al., 2004). The semantics of the constructors determines the representation capability (Wand, Monarchi, Parsons & Woo, 1995). Since the constructors are too close to implementation paradigms, the CMLs that currently are being used in software engineering are incapable of describing the problem accurately. Suitable human/problem-related theoretical guidelines should determine which constructors must be included in a genuine CML. This article, subject to certain software-independent theoretical guidelines, proposes the conceptual elements that should be considered in the design of a real CML and, consequently, what constructors should be provided. The Background section presents the software-independent guidelines that were taken into account to identify the above-mentioned conceptual elements. The Main Focus of the Article section discusses the study that identified those elements. Finally, the Future Trends section presents the most interesting future trends, and the final section concludes.

scholarly journals Beyond Personalist Virtue Ethics: Transcendental Anthropology and its Implications for Interpersonal Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kleio Akrivou ◽  
Manuel Joaquín Fernández González
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Moral Motivation ◽  
Human Freedom ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Communication Ethics ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Nature And Society

There is a need of deeper understanding of what human beings are for facing adequately global challenges. The aim of this article is to point to the possible contributions that transcendental anthropology would represent for complementing and expanding the valuable, but still incomplete solutions put forward by personalist virtue ethics to face these challenges. In particular, the question of the moral motivation and the complex relations between virtue and freedom are addressed, taking as a starting point the understanding of the uniqueness of the personal act-of-being and the transcendentality of human freedom, which is in dialogue with human nature and society, but ultimately not subdued to none of them. Some implications of the transcendental anthropology in the field of interpersonal communication ethics are put forward.

Interpreting Archaeological Evidence in the Anthropocene. Incidentality and Meaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Olivier
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
The World ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Ontological Turn

The post-processual archaeology that dominated the scholarship of Anglo-American academics in the 1980s and 1990s now lies moribund, done in by an ‘ontological turn’ in the study of anthropology that began some 15 or 20 years ago. Anthropos is no longer the sole focal point; human beings no longer occupy the central place in our understanding of cultures and societies. As contemporary anthropologists have noted, human actions and ideas are not the lone contributors to the creation of a civilization's structures and objects or the development of societal forms. Other kinds of ‘life’, a variety of other non-human organisms contribute to their creation as well. They most notably include places and what we generally refer to as things: objects, constructions and materials. In effect, they include all the organic and non-organic components of the world about us. These are the ‘beings’, both animate and inanimate, that ‘make’ the world. Moreover, ‘things’ are no longer regarded as pure inert ‘objects’, only created or transformed by the will of humans or the force of their technology. The present transformations of the Anthropocene, which is producing climatic changes at a global scale, are pushing us to consider that ‘natural’ events—such as floods or hurricanes—may be the direct result of human actions and material ‘things’—such as the earth and the oceans—may be active agents of change. In other words, they are also the subjects of history.

Sartre und die Macht der Dinge

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-36
Author(s):  
Jens Bonnemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Constraints ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Herbert Marcuse ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Social Conditioning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Project ◽  
Dialectical Reason ◽  
The Individual

Academia widely agrees in that Sartre in his early philosophy of freedom in Being and Nothingness (1943) ignores the restrictions people are subjected to by society. Here, Sartre proposes a concept of absolute freedom that is not affected by reality, even regarding extreme situations like incarceration. This paper starts with a review of critique raised by three renowned thinkers, philosophers as well as sociologists: Herbert Marcuse, Theodor W. Adorno and Pierre Bourdieu. With respect to this I will show in a second step that the criticism of Sartre’s position as expressed in his second main philosophical work, Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960), misses the mark. Whereas in the context of existentialism the individual project is liberated from social constraints, Sartre states in his later works that the project realises the individuals’s social fate in different ways. Today his early position – man defines his self and is nothing else than what he makes of himself – sounds like a strategy of motivation designed by Neoliberalism aimed at maximising the so-called human capital. However, the author of Critique of Dialectical Reason presents us with stimulating ideas how both the uniqueness of human beings as well as the social conditioning of

scholarly journals Current Situation and Prospect of Digital Media Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Wenping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Media Art ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Development Direction

<p>At present, with the rapid development of science and technology, especially computer technology, China's digital media art has a huge space for development and creation prospects. Digital media art has changed the cultural value of human beings to some extent and influenced the traditional artistic creation of human beings.Since the birth of digital media art, it has triggered various discussions in the society. Digital media art integrates human rational thinking and perceptual thinking into one body and becomes a new art form. The development of digital media art has attracted worldwide attention. This paper focuses on the current situation of the development of digital media art in China and discusses its future development direction</p>

scholarly journals Pembentukan karakter religius perspektif Surat Al-Kafirun

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Dia Hidayati Usman ◽  
Amir Faishol Fath
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Thematic Approach

<p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris"><em>This study aims to formulate tauhidic education by focusing on surat al-Kafirun in the interpretation of "Fi Zhilal al-Qur’an" by Sayyid Quthb. This research is library research with a thematic interpretation approach. In this study, the method that will be used is the "per-surah thematic interpretation" approach. It is said that the thematic approach is per-surah because specifically, this study will examine the surah of al-Kafirun in-depth with a focal point on monotheistic education. Specifically, the study refers to the interpretation of "Fi Zhilal al-Qur’an" by Sayyid Quthb. This study yielded two findings. First, the main essence of surat al-Kafirun is to instill tauhid in human beings to form a strong personality. Second, the main essence of the surah of Al-Kafirun' is the development of three dimensions of religious character: (a) theological dimension, (b) ritual dimension (c) comparative dimension.</em></p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk akan merumuskan pendidikan tauhid dengan fokus kepada surat al-Kafirun dalam tafsir “Fi Zhilal al-Qur’an” karya Sayyid Quthb. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi pustaka (<em>library research</em>) dengan pendekatan tafsir tematik.  Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang akan digunakan adalah pendekatan “tafsir tematik per-surat”. Dikatakan pendekatan tematik per-surat, sebab secara khusus penelitian ini akan mengkaji surat al-Kafirun secara mendalam dengan titik fokus kepada pendidikan tauhid. Secara khusus, penelitian merujuk kepada tafsir “Fi Zhilal al-Qur’an” karya Sayyid Quthb. Penelitian ini menghasilkan dua temuan. Pertama, bahwa inti pokok surat al-Kafirun adalah menanamkan hakikat tauhid dalam diri manusia untuk membentuk kepribadian yang kokoh. Kedua, inti pokok surat Al-Kafirun adalah pembangunan tiga dimensi karakter religius: (a) dimensi teologis, (b) dimensi ritual (c) dimensi komparatif.</p>

scholarly journals Nature and Culture as Human Spaces

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Thomas Storck
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Philosophy Of Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

Using Tõnu Viik's statement of the relationship between philosophy and culture as a framework, after discussing both nature and world, I investigate how culture affects the ways human beings live in nature and the world, then the implications of living in culture for philosophy and human knowledge, and finally the philosophy of culture, what it is or might be and its place as a focal point for a philosophical understanding of human life and activity

scholarly journals Lewensstories van getroude vroue: ’n Moontlikheid tot transformasie

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Botha
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Married Woman ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
The Church

Life stories of married woman: A possibility to transformation. Feminist scholarship in various disciplines has shown that women tend to internalise dominant social and religious discourse with regard to their lesser worth and value as human beings and members of society. The focal point of this article is to demonstrate how the place and role allocated to women, specifically in marital relationships, can be experienced as harmful. This article makes use of the life history research method in combination with the emancipatory analysis model of Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza in order to demonstrate this. Interviews were done with five women of the Netherdutch Reformed Church of Africa, a fairly conservative and traditional Afrikaans speaking South African faith community. In spite of having lived with this mindset all of their lives, the women were able to express in which ways they experienced the dominant discourse as harmful. If social and religious views devalue a certain group of people, transformation is required. In the case of women, respectfully listening to their life stories and experiences can contribute to their own healing as well as to the transformation of their social and religious environment and the practice of the church.

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