scholarly journals PROFESSIONAL POSTGRADUATE TRAINING OF FAMILY DOCTORS – AN IMPORTANT PART AND CONDITION OF THE OPTIMAL PALIATIVE AND HOSPISE CARE SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
Vasyl M. Mykhalchuk ◽  
Nina G. Goida ◽  
Anatolii V. Tsarenko
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Outpatient Settings

The aim: To substantiate measures of optimization of the system of postgraduate training of GPs-Family Doctors (GP-FDs) on providing palliative and hospice care (PHC) in outpatient settings. Materials and methods: Regulatory documents of Ukraine and International Professional Organizations; domestic and foreign literary sources; official statistics data; results of sociological research. The research methods were used: biblio-semantic, sociological (questionnaires), systemic approach and systemic analysis, and conventional medicalstatistical methods. Results: Based on the analysis of regulatory documents, the socio-medical importance of PHC and the importance of GP-FDs on PHC are shown. The results of the sociological survey determine: the estimated needs for PHC in Ukraine; insufficient number of inpatient beds for palliative patients (PPs); the absence of a PHC-mobile-teams service, which necessitates the involvement of GP-FDs for PHC at home. The results of the survey indicate an insufficient level of knowledge and an urgent need for special PHC education of GP-FDs. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary professional training for GP-FDs is of great importance for creating a PHC System. This will allow GP-FDs, together with social workers, NGOs to provide comprehensive PHC to PPs and their families, including medical, psychological, social and spiritual components.

scholarly journals The specialists postgraduate training as an important condition and component of the palliative and hospital care system creation and development

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
A.V. Tsarenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Family Members ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Sociological Study

Background. According to international standards and approaches, adequate staffing is a prerequisite and a component of a palliative and hospice care (PHC) system the creation and successful development in any country. One of the main tasks of modern professional training of medical specialists (M/S), who are involved in the provision of PHC to the population, is the formation of their awareness of the patient-family-oriented paradigm, the skills of multidisciplinary (MD)/command, interdepartmental and intersectoral coordination and cooperation. It is also important to ensure careful selection and appropriate motivation of staff. Since the modern PHC system is based on MD, an interdepartmental and intersectoral approach to the provision of PHC, after appropriate professional training, can involve doctors of any specialty, nurses, as well as psychologists, social workers, lawyers and clergymen, volunteers, representatives of local communities and private structures, as well as the palliative patients (PPs) themselves and their family members or caregivers. The purpose was: scientific substantiation of professional postgraduate training of specialists, which are involved in the PHC provision to the population. Materials and methods. Normative and legal documents of Ukraine and authoritative international professional organizations; domestic and foreign literary sources using JAMA, Scholar and PubMed search engines; official statistics data; results of sociological research; research methods: system approach and system analysis, bibliosemantic, sociological (questionnaire survey) and generally accepted medical and statistical methods. Results. The analysis of national and international regulatory documents testifies to the important medical and social significance of the PHC system creation and development. The role of specialists professional training on PHC is shown. The results of the sociological study made it possible to determine: the estimated population need for PHC in Ukraine; the state of the PHC service and the insufficient level of M/S knowledge and the urgent need of M/S for specialized knowledge on PHC issues. Conclusions. Multidisciplinary professional training of specialists is of great importance for the PHC system creating and the PHC availability, quality and efficiency increasing. This will allow the M/S, together with psychologists, social workers, volunteers, clergymen, to provide a comprehensive PHC to PPs and their family members, including medical, psychological, social and spiritual/ religious components.

Stages for implementing the “Moscow Longevity” program

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
MARINA V. KORNILOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
New Period

The article examines the work of the “Moscow Longevity” state project/program. The analysis is carried through on the assessments given by the elderly residents of Moscow, as well as specialists from social welfare institutions responsible for the implementation of the program. The program is newly established and has been working in Moscow for over two years. The author names 4 stages for the implementation of the program: preparatory, trial, main, and “special” stages. This staging is based on the existing legal acts regulating the implementation of the project, as well as on the analysis of sociological research. The primary sources of data are: interviews conducted by the author with elderly residents of Moscow regarding the “Moscow Longevity” program (April-May 2020); surveys and focus groups conducted by the author during her work at the Moscow Institute of Additional Professional Training of Social Workers (2016-2017). The article examines statistics and publications in the mass media concerning the success of the “Moscow Longevity” project. Elderly Muscovites and employees of social organizations highly appreciated the ongoing activities, noting their relevance and timeliness, both for involving senior citizens in an active lifestyle and for adapting the elderly to a new period of life “for themselves”. Participants of the program take computer courses, study foreign languages, attend dance lessons, go to sports classes, develop artistic and aesthetic skills, master tourism, and visit cultural sites in Moscow. However, the program also has significant drawbacks, eliminating which requires significant material and technical resources as well as personnel work. Each year the participants voiced the same problems associated with the poor condition of the premises and the lack of an individual approach to activities’ organization. The “special” stage related to the situation with the coronavirus pandemic revealed a lack of computer skills among the program participants (despite the conducted computer classes) and inability to quickly adapt to new conditions.

Expert assessments of the problems of professional training of doctors

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
O.A. Aleksandrova ◽  
◽  
A.V. Yarasheva ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Additional Education

Background. One of the tasks of the state policy in the field of health care is to improve the quality of medical services for the population, to increase the requirements for the competencies of medical personnel, on the results of whose activities public health depends. In this regard, the efficiency of organizing the processes of basic training and retraining (additional education) of doctors acquires a special role. Purpose. Revealing urgent problems of professional training of doctors for the capital's health care. Materials and methods. Sociological research in the form of a series of expert interviews. Results. On the basis of the systematization of the information obtained by the authors in the course of the study, imperfections in the organization of the educational process in obtaining higher medical education are determined. Discussion. Professional training of doctors is a dynamically developing system, the effectiveness of which ultimately affects the quality of medical services provided to the population. Conclusion. Solving the problems associated with improving the content of curricula in medical universities, organizing the educational process and monitoring knowledge requires careful research and search for approaches that meet modern realities.

scholarly journals Higher Education As a Tool to Build the Cultural and Intellectual Potential of Managers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Yu. Bikmetov ◽  
Guzel F. Kungurtseva ◽  
Dilara I. Yapparova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Managerial Culture ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
New Generation

The article reveals the methodological aspects of training a new generation of managers in universities. In modern conditions in higher education theoretical and practical education of managers is required, as well as formation of their professional culture demonstrated in developed soft skills. However, in Russian society the traditional type of managerial culture prevails, which is demonstrated in spontaneous recruitment. As a scientific-theoretical and methodological basis of this research, the authors use system, dialectical, activity, phenomenological approaches, methods of applied sociological research. The article justifies that the effectiveness of management is associated with the level of development of intellectual potential of managerial personnel and its improvement is carried out through the implementation of professional, innovative, moral, information sub potential. Modern university training of managerial personnel reflects the contradiction between the traditional model of education and new requirements of the society, connected with modernization processes. Growing public intellectual activity requires managers to create new forms, methods and mechanisms of management. In these conditions, one of the mechanisms of management is a purposeful construction of managerial culture of young people as a future subject of management in the system of higher education. The development of the ability to improve internally is an important task of modern Russian management. The principle of subject-subject vertical and horizontal relations in knowledge management implies a shift of emphasis to self-organization. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account not only learning opportunities, but also self-learning. Academic training for management activities includes a combination of research and applied activities supplemented by the study of disciplines with a social and humanitarian orientation. In this connection, there is a need to train a new generation of professional managers capable of innovations, creative, constructive management activities, which are based on a fundamentally different culture of education management and personnel policy. Keywords: intellectual potential, culture, knowledge, management, higher education, professional training of managers

scholarly journals Ambulantna poraba antibiotikov pri otrocih v Sloveniji

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Čižman ◽  
Tina Plankar Srovin ◽  
Maja Sočan ◽  
Aleš Korošec ◽  
Jerneja Ahčan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Nitrofuran Derivatives ◽  
Gender And Health ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Outpatient Settings ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

Background: Antibiotics are among the most common drugs prescribed in outpatient settings. It is estimated that up to 50 % are prescribed unnecessarily or inappropriately. To plan the actions for optimizing the use of antibiotics, we conducted a national antibiotic consumption study in children aged 0–18 years in the period between 2003 and 2015.Methods: In this national retrospective research we analyzed outpatient antibiotic consumption using ATC/DDD classification. The use of antibiotics was recorded in relation to the pattern of prescription, age, gender and health region.Results: The total consumption of antibiotics decreased by 35 % from 979 to 636 prescriptions per 1000 children/year (PTY) during the whole study period. Te use of all antibiotic classes decreased (except for quinolones and nitrofuran derivatives) by 12.5 %–81 %. In all those years we recorded the highest consumption in children aged 1 to 4 years (2184–1160 PTY). Amoxicillin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic in children aged 0 to 4 years, penicillin V among 5 to 14 years and co-amoxiclav among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. In health regions in the northeastern part of Slovenia much more antibiotics were prescribed than in other regions. In 2015, 65 % of prescriptions were prescribed by pediatricians and school medicine specialists, 16 % by physicians without specialization, 14 % by GPs/family doctors and 5 % by other specialists.Conclusions: Despite the decrease in outpatient antibiotic use in children and adolescents in Slovenia, the overall and especially broad-spectrum antibiotic consumption (amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, azithromycin and second/third generation cephalosporins) is still too high. It is necessary to strengthen activities to reduce prescribing, particularly for acute (upper) respiratory tract infections.

scholarly journals ОЦЕНКА «КАЧЕСТВА ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ» В ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ БАТУМСКОЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ МОРСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ)

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Диасамидзе Мзия ◽  
Такидзе Ирма
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
World Market ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
The World

The article addresses the problem of higher education - improving the quality of graduates' professional training, provides a brief analysis of research results, Recommendations on how to use the results “Quality of education” is a complex characteristic of education, the task of which is to train specialists who are competitive in the world market. It is impossible to develop a single, scientifically based system of indicators for the quality of student training, since the education system is different in all countries of the World, moreover, a different system of training students, which is one of the influencing factors on the quality of Higher Education. It is necessary to take into account the specifics of the university.One of the elements of the quality assessment system is monitoring, which is considered to be a comprehensive system for diagnosing the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the effectiveness of an educational system. The assessment of the quality of education should be formed as a cumulative indicator of all the qualities that influence the educational process. During the work we used the results of sociological research of the subjects of the educational process: students, teachers, monitoring of the educational process (academic performance of students).

scholarly journals Future Military Pilots’ Professional Competence Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-368
Author(s):  
Tetiana Plachynda ◽  
◽  
Roman Nevzorov ◽  
Liliya Baranovska ◽  
Pavlo Onypchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Military Pilots ◽  
Tactical Knowledge

The article foregrounds the need for future military pilots’ professional competence formation taking into consideration the growing amount of armed conflicts. The analysis of the literary sources indicates that scientists are interested in improving the professional training of future military pilots, but not enough attention is paid to the formation of professional competence of these specialists. Our research set a goal to experimentally test the singled out organizational and pedagogical conditions for future military pilots’ professional competence formation (interdisciplinary integration with the goal of future military pilots’ tactical thinking forming; the use of simulator-based training to practice different types of combat flights by future military pilots; making use of operational pilots’ experience and analysis of combat employment of aviation for the purpose of updating air-tactical knowledge and improving air-tactical training of future military pilots) whether they contribute to the effective formation of the abovementioned definition. The experiment involved 227 persons (undergraduate future military pilots (20–22 years old)), the experimental group consisted of 127 persons, the control group made 100 persons. These groups were qualitatively homogeneous at the initial stage of the experiment. The implementation of distinguished organizational and pedagogical conditions into the educational process of higher military educational institutions provided an opportunity to effectively shape the professional competence of future military pilots, which is confirmed by the methods of mathematical statistics. Thus, the conducted scientific search confirms the effectiveness of proposed conditions of future military pilots’ professional competence formation.

scholarly journals Volunteering as a trend of educational work in higher education establishments

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Oksana Tashkinova ◽  
Olga Rogovska ◽  
Svetlana Bulgakovа
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Technical University

Theoretical and practical bases for forming professional competencies of higher education training applicants through participation in volunteering. It is indicated that the process of professional training in the higher education establishments should be aimed at the formation of a competitive specialist, taking into account the needs of employers and the realities of today.  Volunteering is presented as an important resource for development and education of the specialists of different specialties because from the one hand volunteering allows to get general competencies and from the other hand it allows to gain the necessary experience in the future professional activities even during training process. The wide use of volunteering as a trend of educational work in higher education institutions will contribute to the formation of a coherent and harmonious personality and professional. The experience of usage of volunteering as a field of educational work in higher education institution on the example of the State Technical University “Azov State Technical University” is analyzed. The use of a new tool in the educational process - the diary of volunteer practice - is analyzed. The results of the conducted sociological research - through the method of interviewing of the applicants of higher education - according to the effectiveness of the organization of volunteer practice are presented. Volunteering can increase students' motivation to learn vocationally-oriented disciplines, but under the conditions of properly organized and controlled process of volunteeing. Therefore, higher education institutions need to develop and implement new forms of work that will be perceived and performed by the students. This will enhance the competitiveness of professionals in the labor market.

scholarly journals The Values of Russians in a Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Fomicheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Sociology Of Culture ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Sociological Studies

The publication is aimed at studying the transformation of the values of Russians during a pandemic. Scope of the results: analysis of the dynamics (transformation) of the values of Russians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subject: a study of the dynamic changes in the values of Russians. The method for obtaining empirical data is a secondary analysis of information, including data from sociological studies, regulatory documents, including legislative acts of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this publication: to describe the dynamic changes in the structure of values of Russians. The result of the work: a description of the transformation of the values of Russians in the context of changes in the external circumstances of life (pandemic, external environmental challenges). The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the author’s understanding of the influence of the conditions of selfisolation on changes in the values of Russians, aggregation and comparison of the results of sociological research on value issues, legislative acts. The results can be used to innovate training courses on sociology of culture, axiology.

scholarly journals Challenges of implementing competency-based medical education postgraduate training programs: the issue of context

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Gomes ◽  
Linda Snell
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Curriculum Development ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Competency Based Medical Education ◽  
Research Curriculum ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Competency Based

Introduction: Competency-based medical education (CBME) is being adopted worldwide. The aim of this paper is to discuss the evolution of CBME and address some perceived challenges in CBME curriculum development and implementation in postgraduate (residency) medical education. Methods: This is an opinion paper based on lived experiences and personal beliefs. The authors have professional training in medical education and are actively involved in CBME research, curriculum development and implementation around the world. Results: The issue of local and system-wide context seems to be of particular importance to individuals, programs, institutions, governing bodies and other stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of CBME programs. CBME has evolved differently at different places, and there are concerns regarding the fidelity of implementation. Stakeholders have been dealing with challenging questions in their CBME journeys, which reflect the varied, complex and dynamic nature of health and education systems. Recently, scholars have established core components of any CBME program. Discussion and conclusions: CBME design should benefit from ground-up strategies that consider the local context. It is essential to approach implementation with a quality improvement lens and pay special attention to the fidelity and integrity of the core CBME components.

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