scholarly journals An Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Number Of Safety Incidents In Civil Aviation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Patrycja Guzanek ◽  
Anna Borucka
Keyword(s):  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Short History ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Cargo Transportation

Aviation is the youngest of the transport industries, yet despite its short history, it is considered one of the most important spheres of transport, both in terms of passenger and cargo transportation. Civil aviation is used by an increasing number of people, and the number of aircraft used by airlines around the world continues to grow. An inherent element that is a particularly important aspect of this mode of transportation is security. In civil aviation, there are numerous dangers associated with events occurring before the flight, during the flight, as well as those associated with the landing process. The events need to be controlled and their causes actively sought and ultimately prevented. The Polish Civil Aviation Authority, as part of the creation of the National Civil Aviation Safety Program, developed the National Safety Plan 2020-2023. The document covers threats identified in the Systemic, European, and National Areas. They are characterized and classified based on the materiality (significance) of the event. The aim of this article is to characterize and analyze selected factors (e.g. collisions with birds, helicopter events) that affect the number of safety incidents in civil aviation. The background of the study was the analysis and synthesis of the literature on the subject, while the main research method was the statistical analysis of historical data on aviation incidents.  The data provided in Poland's National Security Plan 2020-2023 were used to distinguish the factors associated with the threats present and synthetically evaluate their impact. The analyses made it possible to identify areas of particular safety risks and form the basis for further detailed research.

Comparative analysis of property rights of convicts serving their sentence in correctional and educational colonies

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Алексей Сергеевич Морозов ◽  
Дмитрий Вадимович Хильман
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
The Real ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law

Предметом исследования являются правовые нормы уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, регулирующие вещные права лиц, отбывающих уголовные наказания в виде лишения свободы. Целью исследования является установление тождества и различия в правовом регулировании вещных прав осужденных, отбывающих наказание в исправительных учреждениях и воспитательных колониях. Основными методами исследования являются анализ и синтез, а также сравнительно-правовой метод. В результате исследования установлено, что, несмотря на общий правовой статус осужденных, отбывающих наказание в виде лишения свободы, правовое регулирование одних и тех же вещных прав в различных ведомственных актах существенно различается, что влечет множество пробелов в праве и правовых коллизий. К числу основных выводов по результатам исследования можно отнести то, что в воспитательных колониях разрешен оборот боеприпасов, летательных средств, зажигалок, алкогольной продукции (за исключением алкогольных напитков) и некоторые другие. Результаты исследования могут быть реализованы в правоприменительной практике сотрудников, исполняющих уголовные наказания в виде лишения свободы, а также в процессе профессиональной подготовки сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы. The subject of the research is the legal norms of the criminal Executive legislation regulating the real rights of persons serving criminal sentences in the form of imprisonment. The aim of the study is to establish the identity and differences in the legal regulation of the real rights of convicts serving sentences in correctional colonies and educational colonies. The main research methods are analysis and synthesis, as well as comparative legal method. The study found that despite the General legal status of convicts serving a sentence of imprisonment, the legal regulation of the same real rights in different departmental acts differs significantly, which entails many gaps in the law and legal conflicts. The main conclusions of the study include the fact that in the educational colonies allowed the circulation of ammunition, aircraft, lighters, alcoholic beverages (except alcoholic beverages) and some others. The results of the study can be implemented in the law enforcement practice of employees executing criminal penalties in the form of imprisonment, as well as in the process of training of employees of the penitentiary system.

Model (Methodology and Calculation Formula) Combining the Influencing Factors of Transport Logistics Efficiency and Advantages by Type of Transport for Risk Reduction and Decision-making When Choosing the Best Routes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Anna Vladimirovna BOBROVA ◽  
Evgeny Aleksandrovich STEPANOV
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
Potential Efficiency ◽  
Transport Logistics

The subject of the research is transport logistics, namely, a complex of factors affecting it, grouped by risk, and advantages by type of transport when carrying out transportation of any modality. The purpose of the study is the development of a factor model in transport logistics, that is, a universal methodology for assessing the risks of each shipment, taking into account the advantages of the types of transport used and the combination of cargo vehicles. The main method used in the work is factor analysis. The study also uses methods of generalization, ranking, weight fractions and comparative analysis. It is shown that 24 factors grouped in the work by risk level have an impact on transport logistics; 11 groups of advantages by types of transport have been identified. The formula for assessing the overall risk of transportation is universal, it confirms the theoretical conclusions of researchers in the field of logistics and provides objective results for specific types of transportation. The most and least risky types of freight transport are identified. The possibilities of the factor model in transport logistics are shown. The results of the study can be used by suppliers and carriers to assess the potential efficiency of cargo transportation, as well as by logistics researchers to improve the methodology of factorial transport assessment. The reserves have been identified for the development of the model based on the mutual influence and factor structure.

Peculiarities of protection of subjective rights in the case of property confiscation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Kseniya Filipson ◽  
Nikolay Ryabinin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Full Compensation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Subjective Rights

The purpose of the research is a general theoretical examination of confiscation as an intersectoral category of law, as well as revealing and scientifically-based solving urgent problems that arise in the field of protection of subjective rights in the case of the compulsory seizure of illegally possessed property. The main research methods are the following: structural and systematic, formal and legal, comparative and legal methods, logical analysis and synthesis, as well as the collection of information through the study of monographs, textbooks, materials of judicial practice on the subject under study. The article examines the features of the confiscation of pledged property. The authors make a conclusion that it is inadmissible to use the institution of compulsory succession in the case of the seizure of illegally possessed property. The use of compulsory legal succession leads to the significant violation of the subjective rights of particular government bodies and the state in general. This is expressed in the impossibility of full compensation for harm caused by corruption crimes. The main results of the study can be formulated in the form of proposals aimed at changing the legislation and the practice of its application. First, it is proposed to secure the inadmissibility of confiscation in cases of illegal possession of seized property and to introduce the following amendments to the Criminal Code: Article 104.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation «Compulsory confiscation of property»: «1. Compulsory gratuitous withdrawal from illegal possession of a person by turning into state ownership on the basis of a conviction is not confiscation...» Secondly, it is proposed to reword Art. 104.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as follows: «1. Confiscation is a compulsory gratuitous seizure of property from the owner and its conversion into state ownership on the basis of a conviction. The following property is subject to confiscation: ... «Thirdly, it is proposed to complement the Civil Code of the Russian Federation with Article 347.1 «Pledgee’s Guarantees upon Termination of Pledge».

scholarly journals Typology of the university's economic security factors as the basis for further economic analysis and control

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 640-652
Author(s):  
Natal'ya G. SAPOZHNIKOVA ◽  
Elizaveta E. ERMOSHINA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

Subject. As the economy faces challenges of our times, higher educational institutions need to more thoroughly protect their economic security, which is evaluated as part of the economic analysis and control. Agents and vectors of the processes can be determined provided adverse factors of universities' economic security are identified and described. Objectives. We analyze approaches to defining the concepts Factor and Threat, and outline a relevant typology of factors affecting the economic security of universities, in order to analyze and control it. Methods. The study relies upon general and specific methods of research, such as the analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, grouping, comparison, etc. Results. We scrutinized the concepts Factor and Threat. The article presents a specified typology of factors affecting the economic security of universities. We enlist new signs and types of factors and threats to economic security. We also specify the naming of types of threats by area of their impact (fragmented and complex), and briefly describe types of threats in terms of the nature of their impact. The article introduces new signs of economic security threats for classification purposes, which accommodate for the specifics of the university's activity, classifying threats by type of finance, activities and the deliberate intentions of the subject, if any. Conclusions. We conclude that the scientific community does not have a unanimous vision of the way threats to the university's economic security should be classified. Based on the specified concepts of threats and factors, the typology of adverse factors for the university's economic security can be used for purposes of the economic analysis and control of the above.

Concerning the abuse of power by an official

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Ihor Oheruk
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
Government Functions ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Logical Semantic

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze the application of the second and third parts of Article 3692 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine to officials in the context, that defines them by the Criminal Code of Ukraine in the note to Article 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and synthesis of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, system-structural, logical-normative. Results: in the course of research the cause of criminalization of such act as "abuse of power" is considered, the subject of the specified criminal act which has the features of "an official" in the context, that defines it by the note to Article 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is analyzed and the main ways of committing criminal acts, that are provided for in this article of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are identified. Originality. The study found, that one of the key conditions for the opportunity to influence officials, that are authorized to perform government or local self-government functions, is the position held by the official and the related opportunities. Therefore, taking into account the opinion of the scientists, that the subject of crimes, that are provided for by the second and third parts of Article 3692 is special, the peculiarities of which is the cumulative feature, that denotes, that such person is not endowed with the status of an official, well-founded need to specify the criminal legislation of Ukraine in terms of the application the second and third parts of Article 3692 of the Criminal code of Ukraine concerning officials in the context, that defines them by the criminal legislation of Ukraine in the note to Article 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Practical significance. The research results can be used in lawmaking in the improvement of anti-corruption legislation.

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS OF ISLAM IN THE XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
MAKSIM SHKVARUN ◽  
◽  
SEJRAN ISKENDEROV
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Short History ◽  
Active Stage ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the research is the degree of influence of Sunni and Shi’ism on political processes in Arab countries. The object of the research is Islam as the legal basis of the state. The authors examine in detail such aspects of the topic as the historical analysis of the origin of Islam, the reasons for the division of Islam into Sunnis and Shiites, a comparative analysis of the two branches of Islam, the peculiarities of the legal schools of Islam, the interaction of Sunnis and Shiites with state power. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of interpretations (kalams) of the Qur’an and Sunnah. The study is fundamental and is aimed at the historical and political analysis of Islam in the XXI century. The relevance of this topic is confirmed by numerous studies of the described problems. The main conclusions of the study are that one of the key problems in the Arab states is the issue of the origin of power, which remains relevant even in the XXI century. The authors’ special contribution to the study of the topic is the hypothesis that the radicalism of Islam is associated with its short history in comparison with Christianity. Thus, Islam in the XXI century. is still at an active stage of formation, which leads to the emergence of Islamic terrorist organizations. The novelty of this scientific study lies in the consideration of historical processes in the political discourse of the XXI century.

Psychological nature of intelligence officer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Naumov ◽  
F. V. Povshednaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Value System ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Method Analysis

Introduction. Based on modern social trends, the demand becomes not only for professionally trained people, but also for the level of their general culture, value system and, ultimately, intelligence. At the same time, there is no place for intellectuals and educating intellectuals in program documents on educational activities, although this task is very logical for the pedagogical practice of a developed society. This work presents the experience of the author's analysis of the psychological nature of the intelligence of an officer. Consistently considering the essence and structure of such a complex phenomenon, the structure and the real functioning of the values that allow characterizing the subject as an intellectual are ascertained.Materials and methods. As the main research methodology, the authors use sociological (I.S. Kon), culturological adapted to solve the problems of this work (M.S. Kagan), historiographic (A.V. Popov), systemic (I.V. Blauberg, V.A. Lektersky, V.N. Sadovsky, S.L. Rubinstein, M.S. Kagan, N.V. Kuzmina) and functional approaches (P.K. Anokhin, M.S. Kagan, N. Wiener). The main research methods were: hypothetical-deductive method; analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and abstraction; systemic method and modeling.Results. The result of the study is that the authors identified and justified the structural psychological qualities of intelligence as the subjective characteristics of an officer and examined the basic mechanisms of formation of intellectual values.Discussion and Conclusions. The required criteria for being intelligent as a  subject characteristics of an officer is the level of education (self education)of an officer, his manners, the scope of his values , existential assessment –correlating every fact he faces with general life-span problems of objective reality, having respect for values of others and being ready for talk to employees and  superiors as well as the representatives of other social groups, other cultures, nationalities, confessions and professions which requires dialog in search of optimal forms and options of interaction. The cornerstone principle for intelligence of the officer are, therefore, his education and upbringing, ideological conviction in his own values and readiness for self-sacrifice for their sake.

LITERARY ROMANTICISM AS A THEORETICAL ISSUE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Vera V. Serdechnaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of literary romanticism. The research aims at a refinement of the “romanticism” concept in relation to the history of the literary process. The main research methods include conceptual analysis, textual analysis, comparative historical research. The author analyzes the semantic genesis of the term “romanticism”, various interpretations of the concept, compares the definitions of different periods and cultures. The main results of the study are as follows. The history of the term “romanticism” shows a change in a number of definitions for the same concept in relation to the same literary phenomena. By the end of the 20th century, realizing the existence of significant contradictions in the content of the term “romanticism”, researchers often come to abandon it. At the same time, the steady use of the term “romanticism” testifies to the subject-conceptual component that exists in it, which does not lose its relevance, but just needs a theoretical refinement. Conclusion: one have to revise an approach to romanticism as a theoretical concept, based on the change in the concept of an individual in Europe at the end of the 18th century. It is the newly discovered freedom of an individual predetermines the rethinking for the image of the author as a creator and determines the artistic features of literary romanticism.

THE METADIALOGUE CONCEPT IN ITS LINGUISTIC ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
I.M. Vasilyanova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

The article summarizes the key points in the development of the metadialogue phenomenon from a linguistic point of view. Some stages of the development of this concept and the difficulties associated with its structuring are covered. The main research findings of modern foreign and domestic experts on its study are considered. Some characteristics of the subject of the research from the standpoint of various pragmatic installations are given. On the basis of the dynamic structure of the metadialogue development, certain principles of semantic relations connected with the dialectical nature of human cognition are presented. Excursion into the history and evolution of the concept is presented. Several types of formulation of the subject matter are given. In accordance with the goal of speech exposure, internal problems of the development of metadialogue are highlighted and the critical points related to solving these problems are described. The rules of metadialogue flow are explained at the level of steps, the success/failure of which directly affects the final result of communication. The prospects of development of the concept research in accordance with various types of discourse are indicated.

The Central Snitch Squad at the Saint-Petersburg Security Department as the Subject of Ensuring the Security of the Head of State in the Russian Empire

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Anton Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Job Descriptions ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Normative Basis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article is devoted to the organization and activities of the Central Snitch Squad at the Saint-Petersburg Security Department for ensuring the security of the head of state in the Russian Empire. The normative basis for the activities of agents of the Central Snitch Squad and the specifics of implementation of their job descriptions are described in the article. The Central Snitch Squad was a separate division of the Search and Surveillance Service of the Russian Empire, which solved the various and most complex tasks of search-and-surveillance. The Central Snitch Squad operated until the fall of the monarchy in February 1917, but the experience gained by it in fulfilling tasks of national importance continues to be used in modern Russia. At the same time, the issues of the organization and functioning of the Central Snitch Squad have not received a comprehensive analysis yet. One of the activities of the Central Snitch Squad, which has not received proper coverage in historical and legal literature, is the protection of imperial majesties in the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, its regulation and implementation has become the subject of this article. The main and integrating method of research on the organization and activities of the Central Snitch Squad was the method of materialist dialectics. General logical (deduction, induction, analysis and synthesis), general scientific (systemic, structural-functional, typologization) and special (formal-legal, historical-legal, comparative-legal, interpretations of regulatory legal acts, sociological and statistical) methods of legal research were used. It was concluded that the protection of imperial majesties and the highest persons in the Russian Empire was one of the most important areas of activity of the gendarmerie. The simultaneous existence of three different divisions that guarded the emperor ‒ the Central Snitch Squad, the Security Unit and the Security Agency led to duplication of agents activities and inconsistent actions of the units. The Central Snitch Squad of the Saint-Petersburg Security Department has accumulated a variety of search-and-surveillance experience that can be used to solve problems of national importance in modern Russia.

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