scholarly journals Obesity – a closer look to cell mechanisms disfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Elena BĂLĂȘESCU ◽  
◽  
Larisa Diana PANDIA ◽  
Roxana Ioana NEDELCU ◽  
Daniela Adriana ION ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition, a major public health problem with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Obesity is characterized by an excess of adipose tissue, a low degree of chronic inflammation and disorders in the synthesis of biologically active hormones and peptides which intervene in regulating appetite and energy balance, immunity, insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, blood pressure, lipid metabolism and homeostasis of the body. The visceral adipose tissue accumulation is accompanied by metabolic disorders that have as a substrate subclinical inflammation and signaling by intracellular pathways that lead to irreversible cellular structural and functional changes. The long-term impact of overweight and obesity translates into shortening life expectancy and disability, due to association with severe comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, oncological conditions. Therefore, understanding the cellular mechanisms involved in obesity may facilitate the highlighting of new possible therapeutic targets.

Retrospective Study of Biochemical Markers and Risk Factors in Obese and Non-Obese Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
D. Jayarajan ◽  
V. Abirami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Obesity is a chronic disease defined by an excessive accumulation of body fat that represents health risks, being considered now a days the major public health problem worldwide. Obesity is characterized as a low-grade inflammatory disease due to the variety of pro-inflammatory adipokines secreted by adipose tissue, especially visceral adipose tissue. This inflammation is characterized by macrophage infiltration and expression of inflammatory adipokines, which are related to insulin resistance, blood pressure, and vascular endothelium alterations. These alterations are closely related to development and progression of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, including paediatric patients. Obesity considered now as  one among  the major global issue affecting young adults. Rapid changes in sedentary lifestyle choices were the risk factors for obesity including unhealthy diet patterns, expending time in front of TV  and lacking physical activity etc. The present study aimed for correlating the risk factors of obesity with healthy groups among the adolescent population. And the result were recorded with significant level of elevation in most of the parameters  in cases than control and the significance was represented as student’s test. (p<0.001).

scholarly journals Natural Antioxidants in Anemia Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1883
Author(s):  
Coralia Cotoraci ◽  
Alina Ciceu ◽  
Alciona Sasu ◽  
Anca Hermenean
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Stomach Pain

Anemia, characterized by a decrease of the hemoglobin level in the blood and a reduction in carrying capacity of oxygen, is a major public health problem which affects people of all ages. The methods used to treat anemia are blood transfusion and oral administration of iron-based supplements, but these treatments are associated with a number of side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, and stomach pain, which limit its long-term use. In addition, oral iron supplements are poorly absorbed in the intestinal tract, due to overexpression of hepcidin, a peptide hormone that plays a central role in iron homeostasis. In this review, we conducted an analysis of the literature on biologically active compounds and plant extracts used in the treatment of various types of anemia. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the use of these compounds and plant extracts, in order to explore their therapeutic potential. The advantage of using them is that they are available from natural resources and can be used as main, alternative, or adjuvant therapies in many diseases, such as various types of anemia.

scholarly journals Obesity and Overweight in Relation to Hypertension and Associated Risk in School Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Gorantla Naresh Babu ◽  
P. Jameela ◽  
S. Jafar Sharif ◽  
A. Ramya ◽  
K. Ziyaul Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Aim: Hypertension is a major public health problem worldwide and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The main aim of this study is to assess obesity and overweight in school children and their relationship to hypertension and associated risk factors. Study Design: Population based cross sectional study. Results and Discussion: A total number of 712 students with age group between 7-12 years from different school were screened for their height, weight and body mass index. The present study was aimed to assess obesity and overweight in school children and their relationship to hypertension and associated risk factors.  Under weight and healthy weight children are engaged in physical activities like playing in ground and thus they are healthy where the children who found as overweight and obese were not engaged in physical activities regularly and thus this might be the reason for their overweight and obesity. At the same time the children who found as obese and overweight were said that they were having fast foods twice a day. Conclusion: In order to get rid of these risks and their associated cardiovascular risks, their food habits must be changed and physical activities needs to be improved.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AMONG HIGH SCHOOL CHILDREN IN DAKSHINA KANNADA AND UDUPI DISTRICTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerthan Kumar M. ◽  
Prashanth K. ◽  
Kavya Elizabeth Baby ◽  
Kavya Rashmi Rao ◽  
Kumarkrishna B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fried Foods ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Objective: The aim of this project is to find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the high school children in selected schools of Mangalore and Manipal and also to study the association of obesity with different factors like Age, Sex, Physical activity etc. Methods: Cross sectional Study which included 500 participants from 10 selected schools in Udupi and D.K districts. 50 students were rd included from each school on the basis of 1 in 5 choosing every 3rd student. In schools with lesser attendance all were included. Following which they were explained the details about the study. Then their height and weight were recorded using standard measurements and the data was collected using the questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight was found to be 2.6% and 3.0% respectively. Prevalence was found to be higher in males, those studying in private schools, staying in nuclear family, consuming fried foods-aerated drinks regularly and in those who do not exercise regularly. Conclusions: Childhood obesity is a major public health problem globally because of changes in lifestyle.

scholarly journals Dietary Knowledge, Dietary Adherence, and BMI of Lebanese Adolescents and Their Parents

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2398
Author(s):  
Liliane Said ◽  
Jessica S. Gubbels ◽  
Stef P. J. Kremers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Adherence ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Dietary Knowledge ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
Low Levels

Paediatric obesity is a severe public health problem accompanied by several physical and mental complications, mainly due to an imbalance between energy input and output. Dietary behaviours are influenced by many demographic factors and determinants, such as the place of residence and the level of dietary knowledge of the children and their parents. The aim of the current paper is to assess the levels of dietary knowledge, dietary adherence (in relation to recommendations), and the body mass index (BMI) of Lebanese adolescents in association with demographic variables, their parents’ dietary knowledge and adherence levels, and with other lifestyle behaviours. This cross-sectional study included 1535 Lebanese adolescents aged 15 to 18 years, from 16 public and private high schools located in urban and rural regions, and 317 of their parents. Our results showed that 30.2% of the adolescents were overweight or obese. Participants enrolled in private schools and those living in urban regions had a significantly higher BMI z-score compared to those enrolled in public schools and living in rural regions, respectively. In addition, Lebanese adolescents generally had low levels of dietary knowledge and 32.4% had low levels of dietary adherence. Their dietary adherence was significantly associated with their parents’ dietary adherence. The findings underline the significant role of the parents in shaping their children’s eating behaviours, in addition to the other determinants and factors affecting the diet of Lebanese adolescents. As the prevalence of paediatric overweight and obesity has reached alarming rates, the results of the current study have important implications for both public health policies and obesity prevention interventions in the Middle East and worldwide.

scholarly journals The dengue viruses.

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Henchal ◽  
J R Putnak
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Hypovolemic Shock ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Headache Pain

Dengue, a major public health problem throughout subtropical and tropical regions, is an acute infectious disease characterized by biphasic fever, headache, pain in various parts of the body, prostration, rash, lymphadenopathy, and leukopenia. In more severe or complicated dengue, patients present with a severe febrile illness characterized by abnormalities of hemostasis and increased vascular permeability, which in some instances results in a hypovolemic shock. Four distinct serotypes of the dengue virus (dengue-1, dengue-2, dengue-3, and dengue-4) exist, with numerous virus strains found worldwide. Molecular cloning methods have led to a greater understanding of the structure of the RNA genome and definition of virus-specific structural and nonstructural proteins. Progress towards producing safe, effective dengue virus vaccines, a goal for over 45 years, has been made.

scholarly journals Diuretic treatment in chronic heart failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Camelia C. DIACONU ◽  
◽  
Alice BĂLĂCEANU ◽  
Mihaela Adela IANCU ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Diuretic Therapy ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Central Pillar

Heart failure is a major public health problem in developed countries. Many of the clinical manifestations of heart failure are due to congestion and fluid retention, therefore diuretic therapy occupied for a long time an important place in the management of these patients. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from the body, each of the classes of diuretics achieving this effect in a distinct manner. Given the magnitude of their effect, loop diuretics are the central pillar of diuretic therapy in many patients with heart failure. Resistance to diuretic therapy is one of the management issues for medical science, which is looking for solutions.

scholarly journals Biopsychosocial Functions of Human Walking and Adherence to Behaviourally Demanding Belief Systems: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane O’Mara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Support ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Walking ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Health Promoting

Human walking is a socially embedded and shaped biological adaptation: it frees our hands, makes our minds mobile, and is deeply health promoting. Yet, today, physical inactivity is an unsolved, major public health problem. However, globally, tens of millions of people annually undertake ancient, significant and enduring traditions of physiologically and psychologically arduous walks (pilgrimages) of days-to-weeks extent. Pilgrim walking is a significant human activity requiring weighty commitments of time, action and belief, as well as community support. Paradoxically, human walking is most studied on treadmills, not ‘in the wild’, while mechanistically vital, treadmill studies of walking cannot, in principle, address why humans walk extraordinary distances together to demonstrate their adherence to a behaviourally demanding belief system.Pilgrim walkers provide a rich ‘living laboratory’ bridging humanistic inquiries, to progressive theoretical and empirical investigations of human walking arising from a behaviourally demanding belief system. Pilgrims vary demographically and undertake arduous journeys on precisely mapped routes of tracked, titrated doses and durations on terrain of varying difficulty, allowing investigations from molecular to cultural levels of analysis. Using the reciprocal perspectives of ‘inside→out’ (where processes within brain and body initiate, support and entrain movement) and ‘outside→in’ (where processes in the world beyond brain and body drive activity within brain and body), we examine how pilgrim walking might shape personal, social and transcendental processes, revealing potential mechanisms supporting the body and brain in motion, to how pilgrim walking might offer policy solutions for physical inactivity.

scholarly journals WARAM-I MEDA (GASTRITIS) AND ITS MANAGEMENT FROM UNANI PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azma Waseem ◽  
Waseem Ahmad ◽  
Anwar Jamal ◽  
Mohammad Fazil ◽  
Asim Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Bile Reflux ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Continuous Use

In the present scenario, gastritis still remains a major public health problem that affects the population of both the developed as well as developing countries. More than 50% of the population in developing countries suffers from gastritis, whereas 34.7 % of the population in developed countries had health problems due to gastritis. Main causes of gastritis are infections, stress, continuous use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol and bile reflux. Gastritis if remains untreated or undiagnosed causes Quruh-i Meda (gastric ulcers). Prolonged and progressive inflammation results in destruction of gastric mucosa (Atrophic gastritis) and reduction in gastric acid secretions. These two factors are considered as the main risk factors in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Unani physicians have given much importance to this disease. In Unani system of medicine, there is elaborated description of gastritis under the heading of Waram-i Meda with causes, symptoms and its effective management. The fundamental principles of Unani treatment of gastritis is to restore the normalcy of the patient, correction of temperament (Mizaj ), humoral balance in the organ and the body, and toning up of the stomach. All these principles are achieved mostly by three modes of treatment i.e. Iaj bil Tadbeer (Regimenal therapy), Ilaj bil Ghiza (Dietotherapy) and Ilaj bil Dawa (Pharmacotherapy). In this review article, Waram-i Meda (gastritis) is elaborated with its type, causes and treatment in Unani perspective with the objective to reduce the burden of gastritis and prevention of complications associated with gastritis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the fixed oil of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Fabaceae) seeds

Gaia Scientia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-689
Author(s):  
Filipe Gutierre Carvalho de Lima ◽  
Maria Arlene Pessoa da Silva ◽  
Beatriz Tupinambá Freitas ◽  
José Carlos Marques Freitas ◽  
Claudener de Souza Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Family

Bacterial resistance to current drugs is a major public health problem worldwide. The search for biologically active compounds that act synergistically with antibiotics for their use at lower concentrations would be of great help in overcoming bacterial resistance. Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth, also known as sucupira-preta or sucupira-do-cerrado, is a species of the family LeguminosaePapilionoidea that occurs in both primary and secondary formations, always in fast-draining areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate of antibiotic modulation through of the fixed oil from the seeds of B. virgiloides activity. . The seeds showed a considerable amount of oil, with a yield of approximately 11%. The oil did not inhibit bacterial growth, but its combination with the antibiotics tested produced growth inhibition. Our data indicated that the oil extracted from B. virgiloides seeds has no antibacterial activity at clinically relevant concentrations, but when combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics, it showed modulatory activity, lowering the antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative strains.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document