scholarly journals Natural Antioxidants in Anemia Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1883
Author(s):  
Coralia Cotoraci ◽  
Alina Ciceu ◽  
Alciona Sasu ◽  
Anca Hermenean
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Stomach Pain

Anemia, characterized by a decrease of the hemoglobin level in the blood and a reduction in carrying capacity of oxygen, is a major public health problem which affects people of all ages. The methods used to treat anemia are blood transfusion and oral administration of iron-based supplements, but these treatments are associated with a number of side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, and stomach pain, which limit its long-term use. In addition, oral iron supplements are poorly absorbed in the intestinal tract, due to overexpression of hepcidin, a peptide hormone that plays a central role in iron homeostasis. In this review, we conducted an analysis of the literature on biologically active compounds and plant extracts used in the treatment of various types of anemia. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the use of these compounds and plant extracts, in order to explore their therapeutic potential. The advantage of using them is that they are available from natural resources and can be used as main, alternative, or adjuvant therapies in many diseases, such as various types of anemia.

scholarly journals PHYTO-MEDICINAL EFFECTS OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI ON DIABETES: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 392-402
Author(s):  
Md. Mahmudul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Current State

Diabetes is a major public health problem which has been increasing day by day throughout the world with an alarming rate. In recent years, several plant extracts have been examined for their anti-diabetic properties to identify alternative treatment strategies that pose less risk for diabetes. It has been shown that different parts of these plants are collected from diverse regions and administered in different pharmaceutical preparations. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the phytochemicals present in S. cumini plants and their potent anti-diabetic activity, toxicological and biological effects of these plant extracts, their current state, limitation and future prospects in developing countries that are not included in the European Pharmacopoeia. In addition, a prospective research result of synergistic use of this plant with other plant (Ficus racemosa) done presently in our laboratory has been included. Based on the available evidence, we highlight the ways in which their therapeutic potential can be properly harnessed and provide scientific evidence for the discovery of novel leads for herbal drug development.

Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds for Diabetes Management: Important Advances for Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam ◽  
Bhasha Shanmugam ◽  
Gangigunta Venkatasubbaiah ◽  
Sahukari Ravi ◽  
Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Background : Diabetes is a major public health problem in the world. It affects each and every part of the human body and also leads to organ failure. Hence, great progress made in the field of herbal medicine and diabetic research. Objectives: Our review will focus on the effect of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants which are used to treat diabetes in India and other countries. Methods: Information regarding diabetes, oxidative stress, medicinal plants and bioactive compounds were collected from different search engines like Science direct, Springer, Wiley online library, Taylor and francis, Bentham Science, Pubmed and Google scholar. Data was analyzed and summarized in the review. Results and Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs that are in use have many side effects on vital organs like heart, liver, kidney and brain. There is an urgent need for alternative medicine to treat diabetes and their disorders. In India and other countries herbal medicine was used to treat diabetes. Many herbal plants have antidiabetic effects. The plants like ginger, phyllanthus, curcumin, aswagandha, aloe, hibiscus and curcuma showed significant anti-hyperglycemic activities in experimental models and humans. The bioactive compounds like Allicin, azadirachtin, cajanin, curcumin, querceitin, gingerol possesses anti-diabetic, antioxidant and other pharmacological properties. This review focuses on the role of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants in prevention and management of diabetes. Conclusion: Moreover, our review suggests that bioactive compounds have the potential therapeutic potential against diabetes. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these findings.

Placental Therapy as Panacea: An Insight to Its Therapeutic Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Md Mumtaz ◽  
Madhu Gupta ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Placental Extract

Abstract:: The placenta that maintains and regulates the growth of fetus, consists of various biological treasures nutrients such as cytomedines, vitamins, trace elements, amino acids, peptides, growth factors and other biologically active constituents. Their therapeutic usefulness can well define in the terms of biochemical mechanisms of various components present in it. Biomedical waste derived extract is also a panacea for treatment of various diseases. Placental therapy has been reported specifically to have potent action on recovery of diseases and tissue regeneration. Placental bioactive components and their multi targeting identity prompted us to compile the précised information on placental extract products. However, some findings are needed to be explored by scientific community to prove their clinical potential with clinically significant statistical conclusions. In the light of available information and the usefulness of the placental extract, it is necessary for the development of various formulations for various unmet meet for the treatment as well as access their adverse effects as well as contradictions and precisely evaluated in the short and in the long-term periods.

Consequences of prenatal substance use

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitinart Sithisarn ◽  
Don T. Granger ◽  
Henrietta S. Bada
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Prenatal Substance Use

Abstract Background: Prenatal substance use is a major public health problem and a social morbidity, with consequences on the drug user and the offspring. Objective: This review focuses on the child and adolescent outcomes following in utero drug exposure. Methods: Studies on the effects of specific substances, legal and illegal; i.e., tobacco or nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, opiates, and methamphetamine were evaluated and analyzed. Results: In general, manifestations of prenatal exposure to legal and illegal substances include varying deficits in birth anthropometric measurements, mild-to-moderate transient neurobehavioral alterations in infancy and long-term behavioral problems noted from early childhood to adolescence. Severity of expression of behavioral problems is influenced by environmental factors. Further, behavioral alterations following in utero drug exposure often exist with mental health co-morbidities. Conclusion: Because of the long-term consequences of prenatal drug exposure on child and adolescent mental health, health providers need to promote substance use prevention, screen for exposure effects and provide or refer affected youths for intervention services. Preventive measures and treatment should consider other factors that may further increase the risk of psychopathology in the exposed children.

scholarly journals The efficacy of plant extracts on cecal amebiasis in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enerst C. Ohanu ◽  
Paul C. Inyang-Etoh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Amebiasis caused by <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. Treatment failure with specific chemotherapy has been reported suggesting the possibility of drug resistance. This study investigated the anti-amoebic effects of four plant extracts on cecal amebiasis in rats. The cecal amebiasis was induced by the injection of 3.0×105 troph/mL of <em>E. histolytica</em> parasite directly into the rat’s caecum. A total of 137 rats were used for these studies; five rats in each group for both positive and negative control, 15 rats in each group to test the four plant extracts and metronidazole. The infected rats were treated for cecal amebiasis using each of the four plant extracts at graded doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and with metronidzole at a dose of 62.5 mg/kg,100 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg for five consecutive days. The efficacy of the four plant extracts were evaluated based on Neal’s, 1951 method. The plant extracts of Garlic, <em>Guava</em>, Pawpaw and Pumpkin at 400 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body-weight gave a cure rate of 80%, 100%, 60%, 40% and 40%, 80%, 40%, 0%, respectively. The mean parasite count in the cecal contents of the treated rats at a dose 400 mg/kg were 18.5±1.6, 0.0±0.0, 33.3±1.8 and 49.5±4.0, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). This study has revealed that Guava at a high dosing level (400 mg/kg body weight) is as good as the standard drug in reducing the both parasite load (probably with limited side effect).

scholarly journals Role of traditional medicines in the management of cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Mohammed Husain G ◽  
Abdul Waheed M
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Tumour Remission

Context: Increasing numbers of cancer patients are looking towards traditional medicines (TM) in an effort to sustain tumour remission or halt the metastasis. TM such as Chinese Traditional Medicines, Ayurveda and Unani Medicines are being used in many parts of world from centuries. However, scientific data is lacking for the clinical use of majority of these medicines in cancer management and systematic clinical evaluation is mandatory before recommending long term use. Objective: The role of traditional medicine for prevention and management of cancer are reviewed in this paper which will help to take a step further to bring these TM into mainstream therapy. Methods: Traditional knowledge about the claims of therapeutic potential is collected. Emphasis was given to the use of plant derived products. Further efforts were made to identify the driving factors for use of such TM for the cure of cancer. Results: There are several driving factors which attract patients towards TM out of which minimum side effects of TM remains on the priority. Apart from being used as standalone therapy, TM is progressively becoming more popular as adjuvant therapy to improve effectiveness of conventional treatment and to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Conclusion: Patients are inclining towards TM due to diverse reasons. The search for anticancer drugs from herbs has been very productive and advances in pharmacological techniques have exerted enormous drive on the research and development of new biologically active compounds of plant origin, which may act alone or in synergistic manner.

General principles of trauma

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Sleat ◽  
David Noyes
Keyword(s):  
Major Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Mortality Burden ◽  
Trauma Networks ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Substantial Morbidity

Trauma is a major public health problem worldwide, responsible for a substantial morbidity and mortality burden. All surgeons need to be familiar with the key steps in managing traumatized patients not only for injuries that are relevant to their specialty, but also in the wider management of trauma as part of the multidisciplinary team. These include recent advances in care such as the use of tranexamic acid, major transfusion protocols, and changes to the organization and management of trauma care after the implementation of regional trauma networks for major trauma in England. Appropriate and timely care during the initial stages after significant trauma improves long-term survival, but if patients are to return to a socially and economically productive life then tailored input from rehabilitation and re-enablement services is required. In many respects, after surviving their traumatic insult, this is the most important phase of their treatment.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis and morphological characterization of bacteriophages for Salmonella spp. treatment in poultry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Parolin Calarga ◽  
Marcelo Brocchi
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
C Elegans

Enteric infections caused by Salmonella spp. represent a major public health problem worldwide, due to the large proportion of foodborne infections derived from this pathogen. Currently, antimicrobials are used to prevent contamination of chicken meat. However, in order to combat salmonellosis without the propagation of resistant strains, it is necessary to study alternative therapeutic approaches, such as the use of bacteriophages against Salmonellosis. For the present work bacteriophages provided by FMRP-USP were selected to further studies on its therapeutic potential. In addition, we work with lytic bacteriophages induced from monophasic strains of Salmonella spp. Our initial aim for this project was the morphological and molecular characterization of these viruses. Nevertheless, the environmental phages did not survive the storage period. Due to these results, our further studies will be focused on the lytic phages. They will be tested in vivo in the C. elegans model in order to evaluate the survival rate of the worms when infected with Salmonella spp.

scholarly journals Obesity – a closer look to cell mechanisms disfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Elena BĂLĂȘESCU ◽  
◽  
Larisa Diana PANDIA ◽  
Roxana Ioana NEDELCU ◽  
Daniela Adriana ION ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition, a major public health problem with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Obesity is characterized by an excess of adipose tissue, a low degree of chronic inflammation and disorders in the synthesis of biologically active hormones and peptides which intervene in regulating appetite and energy balance, immunity, insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, blood pressure, lipid metabolism and homeostasis of the body. The visceral adipose tissue accumulation is accompanied by metabolic disorders that have as a substrate subclinical inflammation and signaling by intracellular pathways that lead to irreversible cellular structural and functional changes. The long-term impact of overweight and obesity translates into shortening life expectancy and disability, due to association with severe comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, oncological conditions. Therefore, understanding the cellular mechanisms involved in obesity may facilitate the highlighting of new possible therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Long-Term Trends in Unintentional Fall Mortality in China: A Population-Based Age-Period-Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenkun Wang ◽  
Youzhen Hu ◽  
Fang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Unintentional Falls

Background: Unintentional falls seriously threaten the life and health of people in China. This study aimed to assess the long-term trends of mortality from unintentional falls in China and to examine the age-, period-, and cohort-specific effects behind them.Methods: This population-based multiyear cross-sectional study of Chinese people aged 0–84 years was a secondary analysis of the mortality data of fall injuries from 1990 to 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age-standardized mortality rates of unintentional falls by year, sex, and age group were used as the main outcomes and were analyzed within the age-period-cohort framework.Results: Although the crude mortality rates of unintentional falls for men and women showed a significant upward trend, the age-standardized mortality rates for both sexes only increased slightly. The net drift of unintentional fall mortality was 0.13% (95% CI, −0.04 to 0.3%) per year for men and −0.71% (95% CI, −0.96 to −0.46%) per year for women. The local drift values for both sexes increased with age group. Significant age, cohort, and period effects were found behind the mortality trends of the unintentional falls for both sexes in China.Conclusions: Unintentional falls are still a major public health problem that disproportionately threatens the lives of men and women in China. Efforts should be put in place urgently to prevent the growing number of fall-related mortality for men over 40 years old and women over 70 years old. Gains observed in the recent period, relative risks (RRs), and cohort RRs may be related to improved healthcare and better education.

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