Demographic Reflections on the Digital Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
Irina Kalabikhina
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Demographic Context

The article describes the demographic context of the development of the digital economy in Russia, systematizes the directions of the possible impact of the digitalization of the economy on demographic processes, analyzes the prerequisites for the inequality of different demographic groups in the near future in the digital reality. Based on the analysis of statistical data and expert assessments, a systematic view on the mutual impact of the digitalization of the economy and demographic development is proposed for the first time, a number of questions are raised about the possible strengthening of inequality of individual socio-demographic groups in the process of digitalization. It is shown that the demographic context can play a significant role in the digitalization of the economy, which, in turn, affects the demographic development and digital inequality.

Demographic reproduction of young generation of the Orel region

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Проказина ◽  
Natalya Prokazina ◽  
Меркулов ◽  
Pavel Merkulov ◽  
Перевозкин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Young Family ◽  
Demographic Processes

In the article on the basis of analysis of statistical data the main characteristics of the demographic processes are considered that have a significant impact on the demographic situation as a whole. The authors focus on the analysis of the demographic reproduction of the young generation of the Orel region. The dynamics of indicators for five years shows that Orel demographic development is characterized by a certain instability for the last five years. The authors argue that in the current unfavorable demographic situation the most attention should be paid to the problems of young family, as it can be included actively in the positive development of the process of reproduction of the population.

scholarly journals The Problem of Digital Inequality in the Regions of Russia as a Threat to Economic Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Derevtsova ◽  
Yana Vnukova ◽  
Ekaterina Golovashchenko ◽  
Darya Denisevich
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The creation of a modern digital economy is the most important stage in the economic development of Russia and its territories. Digitalization of socio-economic processes significantly expands the opportunities of businesses, individual citizens and the state as a whole. However, the economic digital transformation is associated with the emergence of various risks and threats in the field of economic security, including those related to the inequality of Russian regions in terms of the possibilities of using information and communication technologies in practice. The article examines the essence of the concepts: digital economy, digital inequality. We identified the causes and problems of digital inequality in the territories of the Russian Federation and ways to solve these problems. The authors analyzed statistical data that characterize the international rating of the Russian Federation according to the four components of the global connectivity index, as well as a rating of individual regions of Russia on the level of access to digital technologies and communications. At the same time, we also studied such indicators as the amount of spending on innovations by the subjects of the Russian Federation, the share of the subscription fee for Internet access from the average (for the region) salary, and others. Based on the analysis, the authors of the article suggested ways to reduce the digital inequality of regions in modern Russia.

scholarly journals Spatial aspects of demographic processes in Serbia

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Nikola Krunic ◽  
Aleksandra Gajic ◽  
Danijela Srnic ◽  
Dragutin Tosic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
New Research

Changes in the trends, distribution and structures of the population identified through censuses (such as the changes in total population, gender, educational, age and other structures) are crucial for understanding spatial phenomena and processes like urbanization. Numerous urban geography studies researching the development of systems of settlements in former Yugoslavia, which carried on in Serbia, were the foundation for a singular theoretical and methodological framework for researching spatial phenomena and processes focused precisely on the understanding of dynamic changes in the structures of the population and their territorial manifestation. Other than in scientific research, this approach found direct application in spatial and urban planning, when defining the measures directing demographic development, arrangement of urban functions, formation of a system of settlements, planning infrastructure development, etc. More recently, this theoretical and methodological framework was enhanced using GIS technologies, which allow for the integration of spatial and statistical data and provide for a powerful analytical tool. Data integration has spurred new research on the correlation between demographic and spatial phenomena and the mutual relationships and influences between spatial and demographic development. This paper presents an overview of existing research on the mutual influence between population development trends and spatial changes manifest through the fluctuations in the intensity of built-up areas, population density, infrastructure development, etc. A model of population distribution was created by using selected census statistical data and correlating them with phenomena in actual geospace. Emphasis is placed on the significance of using this and similar models in further research on the population?s impact on the environment, directing economic development, protection in emergency situations, and numerous other areas.

scholarly journals Demographic development trends in the Russian Eastern Arctic

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Yury A. Avdeev ◽  
Zinaida I. Sidorkina ◽  
Valentina L. Ushakova
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Demographic Potential

The paper considers the features of the demographic processes in the Russian Arctic zone by the example of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the period from 1939 to 2017. The future of the Arctic depends in large part on its demographic potential. What should be the population of the territory, how the space is organized, whether the population is needed, or enough of the watch organization of production: what should be done (or what not to do) so that the way of life of the native and the indigenous population remained in harmony with the environment, and at the same time solved large-scale tasks in the interests of the country. The study uses the method of constructing and comparing demographic pyramids for different time periods. There are specified demographic groups that differ in their reproductive behavior. On this basis, time periods were identified, within which demographic processes were going in different ways that allows us to assess the relationship between the nature and outcome of these processes and the structure of population at different stages of history. Based on the prospective analysis of the demographic processes in the territory of development of this part of the country, there was revealed the specific in the dynamics and features of the formation of the demographic potential through natural reproduction and migration movement of the indigenous people and newcomers. The authors examined the changes in the population structure at the time of population growth due to intensive arrivals before 1990 and the dramatic decrease as a result of the outflow in the 1990 s, which significantly changed the structure of the population, the ratio between different groups. This approach to analysis of demographic indicators may be used in elaboration of strategic plans for socio-economic development of the region. It gives an adequate assessment of the current situation, helps to formulate in strategic documents the goals and objectives of socioeconomic development, to determine the priorities in the regional demographic policy.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Shifts in the Demographic Development of China at the End of the 20th and the Beginning of the 21st Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Ekaterina ANTIPOVA ◽  
Chen LI
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Geoinformation Technologies ◽  
Progressive Type ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Demographic Policy

The article provides an economic and geographical analysis of the demographic processes in China, considering a set of natural and geographic factors, selected to reflect the influence of the state policy of family planning, as well as the policy for the development of separate regions in the period under study. The methodology included the use of geoinformation technologies, classification method and geographical systematization. Based on the identified spatial differences at the level of provinces, radical and previously absent spatial shifts in the demographic processes in China were established for the first time. They consist in the formation of positive and negative dynamics zones, as well as natural increase and natural decline zones. The demographic balance, for the first time calculated for the provinces of China, for 2010 and 2019, made it possible to indicate the dominance of provinces of a progressive type (53.0%) and a zone of provinces of a regressive type (8.8%). The established trend proves not only a differentiation, but also a spatial polarization at the national level and acts as a phenomenon of modern demographic development in China, in the 21st century. The results of the geographical systematization of the demographic space has practical significance as it provides the opportunity to use this methodology at the microgeographic level in other territories and serves as a scientific justification for the development of the directions of China’s regional demographic policy.

scholarly journals Features of the birth rate of the kazakh population in the modern period and the formation of new trends in demographic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Sarsembaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Kazakh Population ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic

At the present stage of the development of Kazakhstan, there is a stabilization of the demographic situation, an increase in the population, and a weakening of the migration outflow from the republic. Among the factors that influence demographic processes, endogenous becomes the dominant one. The above brings to the fore the problem of analyzing the processes of reproduction and fertility. The article considers the following characteristics of fertility-age-by-age indicators, the total coefficient and the net coefficient. The analysis of birth rates is presented in the regional context. The paper presents statistical data on the reproduction of the Kazakh ethnic group in the period from 1990 to 2009. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the author of the article made conclusions that allow us to talk about the formation of new trends in the demographic development of the Kazakh ethnic group.

The demographic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples in the modern world

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-779
Author(s):  
E.V. Molchanova
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Special Information ◽  
Health Organization

Subject. This study focuses on the Finno-Ugric peoples carrying unique cultural customs and traditions. Objectives. I evaluate how various factors influence the demographic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples. Methods. Analyzing the current situation, I refer to official statistics and the Health for All database of the World Health Organization, statistical yearbooks of the Russian State Statistics Service. All data were organized as a special information system including several related blocks, such as economic development of locations, demographic situation, health and healthcare. Research was based on the comparative analysis of key medical-demographic and socio-economic indicators, and economic-mathematical apparatus. Results. I comprehensively evaluated the current situation macro- and mesoeconomically by gradually shifting from the comparison of countries to regional trends. I traced patterns of medical and demographic processes in the Finno-Ugric countries, such as Hungary, Finland and Estonia, and national autonomies across Russia. Conclusions and Relevance. I discovered that there is a certain relationship between a man and environment that translate into physical and physical health of people. They should be taken into consideration when outlining demographic development programs. The findings can be used to prepare regional medical and demographic documents, including the prevention of suicidal behavior and alcoholism and general medical services.

Dwindling status of Epimedium Elatum (Morren & Decne) and its geographical distribution in Kashmir Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) of family Berberidaceace is a rare perennial medicinal plant, endemic to high altitude forests of Northwestern Himalayas in India. Ethnobotanically, it has been used as an ingredient for treatment of bone-joint disorders, impotence and kidney disorders in Kashmir Himalayas. Phytochemically, it is rich in Epimedin ABC and Icariin; all of these have been demonstrated to possess remarkable biological activities like PDE-5 inhibition (treatment of erectile dysfunction), anticancer, antiosteoporosis antioxidant and antiviral properties. The present investigation reports its traditional usage, comprehensive distribution and conservation status from twenty ecogeographical regions in Kashmir Himalayas, India. The species was reported from Gurez valley for the first time. Numerous threats like excessive grazing, deforestration, habitat fragmentation, tourism encroachment, landslides and excessive exploitation have decreased its natural populations in most of the surveyed habitats. Consequently, its existence may become threatened in near future if timely conservation steps are not taken immediately by concerned stakeholders involved in medicinal plant research. Moreover, use of plant tissue culture techniques is recommended for development of its in vitro propagation protocols. Therefore, introduction of this medicinal plant in botanical gardens, protected sites and development of monitoring programmes are needed for its immediate conservation in Northwestern Himalayas, India.

COGNITIVE MODELING AS A METHOD TO CONTROL MIGRATION TEMPERATURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Oleg Patlasov ◽  
Oleg Luchko ◽  
Svetlana Mukhametdinova
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Expert Assessments

The research describes one of the approaches to designing a productive mechanism for migration temperature control considering it as an integral qualitative and quantitative indicator of the social and economic problems level associated with migration processes. The analysis of various approaches to studying migration processes impact on socioeconomic situation in recipient countries has been carried out. Some cognitive models have been developed basing on the questionnaire results’ analysis, expert assessments, statistical data. A series of simulation experiments have been carried out using software specially developed to automate the cognitive modeling processes.In the course of our experiments, some changes in the target factor. i.e., in migration temperature, have been detected as a result from different intensity impulses impacting on individual controlling factors. Within the developed models framework, several proposals have been put forward concerning the productive mechanism for migration temperature control.

Organic Reactivity Control by Means of Neighboring Groups and Organometallics. A Personal Account

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kočovský
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Cyclopropane Ring ◽  
Allylic Substitutions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cardioactive Drug ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Electrophilic Additions ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time

This review summarizes the main topics of our research and covers the period of the last 15 years. The prime interest is focused on various ways of controlling the regio- and stereoselectivity of selected organic reactions, in particular electrophilic additions, cleavage of cyclopropane rings, and allylic substitutions by means of neighboring groups and/or transition and non-transition metals. In the first part, the factors governing the course of electrophilic additions are assessed, culminating in the formulation of selection rules for the reactivity of cyclohexene systems, and in a concise synthesis of the natural cardioactive drug, strophanthidin. These studies also contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of electrophilic additions. The second part describes recent developments in the stereo- and regiocontrolled cleavage of cyclopropane rings by non-transition metals (Tl and Hg), and the reactivity and transmetalation (with Pd) of the primary products. This methodology has resulted in novel routes to unique polycyclic structures, and will have synthetic applications in the near future. Evidence for the stereospecific "corner" cleavage of the cyclopropane ring has been provided for the first time for Tl and later for Hg. The third part deals with transition metal-catalyzed allylic substitution. Evidence for a new "syn" mechanism for the formation of the intermediate (π-allyl)palladium complex has been provided, which runs counter to the generally accepted "anti" mechanism. A novel method for a Pd-catalyzed allylic oxidation has been developed and employed in the synthesis of natural sesquiterpenes. The increasing importance of transition and non-transition metals for synthetic organic chemistry is demonstrated by their unique reactivity in a number of the papers included in this review.

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