A Primer on Survey Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Mary A. Hansen ◽  
Gaelebale Nnunu Tsheko
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Sampling Procedures

This chapter presents a summary of best practices for the design, development, and analysis of quantitative survey research. The authors provide an overview of sampling procedures, as well as a summary of considerations for researchers as they develop questionnaires. Additionally, they provide descriptions of both qualitative and quantitative analyses that should be used to provide content and construct validity evidence for questionnaires. Finally, they show examples of common descriptive and inferential procedures appropriate for survey research. The goal of the chapter is to summarize factors that survey researchers should consider at all stages of their research project, from design to analysis, in order to improve survey research in practice.

Translating Tests with the International Test Commission's Guidelines: Keeping Validity in Mind

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantale Jeanrie ◽  
Richard Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Test Norms ◽  
French And English ◽  
Official Languages

Summary: Translation of psychological tests developed and normed in other countries appears to be a common practice in countries that, like Canada, recognize more than one official languages or have among their population considerable cultural groups whose mother tongue is not the official language. In such situations, rigorous assessment of the equivalence of the original and translated versions of the test is essential, in particular when translated test versions are scored using original test norms. This article, based upon a research project aimed toward establishment of double (for French and English Canadians) Canadian norms of the CPI-434 ( Gough, 1996 ), describes how the Guidelines for adapting tests, developed by the International Tests Commission, allow one to consider the process of equivalence assessment of a translated test as being similar in nature to the collection of construct validity evidence of a test. From this perspective, and in line with the Guidelines, a translation method focused on the judgmental assessment of conceptual and linguistic equivalence of translated tests is proposed and discussed.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF L1 (TAMIL LANGUAGE) IN THE WRITING OF L2 (ENGLISH)

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1875-1884
Author(s):  
Mahendran Maniam, Samikkanu Jabamoney Samuel, Suwarsih Madya Aladdin Assaiqeli
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Negative Transfer ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
National Language ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
School Students ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Daily Writing

This study focuses on the interference of L1 grammatical rules in the writing of L2 with specific reference to the interference of Tamil (L1) in English (L2). Though many research have been done in mother tongue interference, very few research have been conducted in terms of Tamil versus English. This study seeks to find out the components of the L1 (Tamil language) grammar that the students of Tamil schools use interchangeably in their daily writing of L2, namely English. This study will follow a mixture of qualitative and quantitative survey research design, the purpose of which is to find out the influence of mother tongue linguistic items in the writing of English (L2), among the standard 4 students of a selected school. The findings of the study clearly indicated that mother tongue and the national language interfered (negative transfer) in the writing of L2 among Tamil school students. Apart from the interference of L1, the research also found that there is a heavy influence of the national language (Malay) in the writing of students' L2.

In situ microprobe quantitation of inorganic particle burden in paraffin sections of lung tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 990-991
Author(s):  
Jerrold L. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Data Result

Inorganic particulate material of diverse types is present in the ambient and occupational environment, and exposure to such materials is a well recognized cause of some lung disease. To investigate the interaction of inhaled inorganic particulates with the lung it is necessary to obtain quantitative information on the particulate burden of lung tissue in a wide variety of situations. The vast majority of diagnostic and experimental tissue samples (biopsies and autopsies) are fixed with formaldehyde solutions, dehydrated with organic solvents and embedded in paraffin wax. Over the past 16 years, I have attempted to obtain maximal analytical use of such tissue with minimal preparative steps. Unique diagnostic and research data result from both qualitative and quantitative analyses of sections. Most of the data has been related to inhaled inorganic particulates in lungs, but the basic methods are applicable to any tissues. The preparations are primarily designed for SEM use, but they are stable for storage and transport to other laboratories and several other instruments (e.g., for SIMS techniques).

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of some Plantago species from Serbia and Montenegro

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Jankovic ◽  
G Zdunic ◽  
K Savikin ◽  
I Beara ◽  
N Mimica-Dukić
Keyword(s):  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

THE VALIDITY MULTIMEDIA INTERACTIVE BASES ANDROID ON IONIC BOND MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kharis Syarifuddin ◽  
Kusumawati Dwiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Interactive Multimedia ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Chemistry Teacher ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Ionic Bond ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Content Validation ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Validation Score

This research is aims to describe the validity of interactive multimedia based on Android in the ion bonding sub material. This research uses Thiagarajan's 4-D development research consisting of Define; Design; Development and Disseminate. However, this research is limited to the Development stage of Thiagarajan in Ibrahim (2014). Multimedia validity is reviewed from the aspect of content validity and construct validity. This multimedia was validated by 2 Unesa chemistry lecturers and 1 chemistry teacher with the research instrument used in the form of a multimedia validation sheet then the results of the validation resulted in a validation score. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that android-based interactive multimedia on the ion bond sub-material is valid for use with percentage content validation and construct validity respectively 91.85% and 89.61% with highly valid criteria.

scholarly journals Assessment of Photo-Induced Cytotoxic Activity of Cachrys sicula and Cachrys libanotis Enriched-Coumarin Extracts against Human Melanoma Cells

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Mariangela Marrelli ◽  
Maria Rosaria Perri ◽  
Valentina Amodeo ◽  
Francesca Giordano ◽  
Giancarlo A. Statti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Uva Radiation

Photochemotherapy is one of the most interesting current therapeutic approaches for the treatment of melanoma. Different classes of naturally occurring phytochemicals demonstrated interesting photoactive properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the photocytotoxic potential of two Cachrys species from Southern Italy: C. sicula and C. libanotis (Apiaceae). The enriched-coumarin extracts were obtained from aerial parts through both traditional maceration and pressurized cyclic solid-liquid (PCSL) extraction using Naviglio extractor®. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of furanocoumarins were performed with GC-MS. The photocytotoxic effects were verified on C32 melanoma cells irradiated at a dose of 1.08 J/cm2. The apoptotic responses were also assessed. Moreover, phenolic content and the in vitro antioxidant potential were estimated. Xanthotoxin, bergapten, and isopimpinellin were identified. All the samples induced concentration-dependent photocytotoxic effects (IC50 ranging from 3.16 to 18.18 μg/mL). The C. libanotis sample obtained with Naviglio extractor® was the most effective one (IC50 = 3.16 ± 0.21 μg/mL), followed by C. sicula sample obtained with the same technique (IC50 = 8.83 ± 0.20 μg/mL). Both Cachrys samples obtained through PCSL induced up-regulation of apoptotic signals such as BAX (Bcl2-associated X protein) and PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) cleavage. Moreover, these samples proved to be more photoactive, giving a greater upregulation of p21 protein in the presence of UVA radiation. Obtained results suggest that investigated species could be promising candidates for further investigations aimed to find new potential drugs for the photochemotherapy of skin cancer.

scholarly journals A framework for identifying and learning from countries that demonstrated exemplary performance in improving health outcomes and systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e002938
Author(s):  
Austin Carter ◽  
Nadia Akseer ◽  
Kevin Ho ◽  
Oliver Rothschild ◽  
Niranjan Bose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

This paper introduces a framework for conducting and disseminating mixed methods research on positive outlier countries that successfully improved their health outcomes and systems. We provide guidance on identifying exemplar countries, assembling multidisciplinary teams, collecting and synthesising pre-existing evidence, undertaking qualitative and quantitative analyses, and preparing dissemination products for various target audiences. Through a range of ongoing research studies, we illustrate application of each step of the framework while highlighting key considerations and lessons learnt. We hope uptake of this comprehensive framework by diverse stakeholders will increase the availability and utilisation of rigorous and comparable insights from global health success stories.

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