Poems in the Information Jungle - How Do Physicians Survive?

2011 ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Allen F. Shaughnessy ◽  
David C. Slawson ◽  
Joachim E. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Lifelong Learners ◽  
Medical Environment ◽  
Postgraduate Educational ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The days when newly graduated doctors were well equipped with the knowledge and information they would need during a lifetime are long since gone. Today’s clinicians’ knowledge becomes almost as rapidly outdated as the analysts’ forecasts on the stock market. Tsunamis of new articles reporting scientific achievements flood the shorelines of current knowledge. Modern physicians need to be lifelong learners in order to adapt to the rapidly evolving medical environment. But how can physicians survive in the information jungle? What are the tools they need to weave a fabric of best medical practice that is woven from the relevant scientific knowledge and the detailed information about the patients’ preferences? Are medical schools and the postgraduate educational systems preparing doctors for this?

scholarly journals Project management in educational systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
E. Baratashvili ◽  
N. Chubinidze
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Activity Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

The article discusses the problems of the modern textbooks and teaching aids on pedagogy, where the solution of management problems is the content of the chapter, which is often called “Management of educational systems”. Then authors define, that in scientific papers devoted to the problems of pedagogical management, the view of his specific object and subject is substantiated. So, it is considered that pedagogical management as a science of management of educational systems and processes is a branch of pedagogy, the subject of which is the organization of management in the field of education and in educational institutions. The structure of pedagogical management includes the following levels: a. management of the teaching staff; b. teacher activity management; c. student activity management. The authors believe that in pedagogical management there are two levels of management: the head of the educational institution and the teacher. The activity of the head is aimed at creating conditions for the effective functioning and development of the entire educational system of the institution; the task of the teacher-manager is the organization of educational work with the aim of developing cognitive activity and the formation of the student's personality. According to the authors, project management is among the “young” and most demanded areas of scientific knowledge and practice.  Development of it over the past 50–60 years has gone from its understanding as a technological scheme for organizing work on the implementation of individual projects to the idea of project management as a methodology for system changes, which carried out in organizations, firms, corporations, territorial entities, across the country and interstate associations. The article also reviewed the most diverse areas of scientific knowledge. It is the project culture. We think that it is institutionally manifested in project activities, although it does not boil down to it. All of the above gives grounds for identifying historical and cultural sources of project management as a person’s ability, an independent type of professional activity and, finally, a cultural phenomenon. The authors think that in modern management concepts, there are two types of management - process (management of recurring activities in fundamentally unchanged external conditions) and project management (change management of the managed system). The latter is precisely the subject of research in the field of scientific knowledge and practice, called “project management” and the subject of one of the branches of management science - project management. In conclusion, the authors define the methodological foundations of project management in pedagogical management are system-activity, process, and resource approaches, which, being internally consistent, set the fundamental methodological orientation of research in the considered field of scientific pedagogical knowledge.

scholarly journals A Life in Food: A Grain of Salt and Some Humble Pie

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Michael J. Gibney
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Normal Science ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Scientific Achievements

From my senior school days, I had wanted to pursue a career in food. In quite what capacity I was not too sure. So my starting points were within the fields of animal nutrition before moving for the major part of my career to medical schools to study human nutrition and health. My career scientific achievements lie within the Kuhnian spectrum of normal science, but within that normality, I was always one to challenge conventional wisdom. An academic career is about more than just research. It is about teaching and not just the minutiae of nutrition, but about life and living, about challenges and failures. Reflecting on the experience of that career, my advice to early stage researchers is this: Be patient, determined, and resilient in the very early stages. Hold no fear of change and be courageous in challenging conventional wisdom. Always favor openness and collaboration and always seek to help others. Citation indices are important to your career, but these other avenues that I advise you to follow are what you will eventually be most proud of.

YOUR DOCTOR IS NOT IN, BY JANE M. ORIENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-317
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Clinton Administration ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
The Government

The government has signed a contract to pay $850,000 for development of "practice guidelines" and "protocols" to tell doctors how to treat an ear infection, a $20 problem. If the Clinton administration has its way, there will be protocols for the treatment of virtually every ailment. Yet there is no evidence that protocols save money or improve quality. Nurses, for instance, outperform protocols in deciding how to treat abdominal pain. So why aren't doctors raising a cry of alarm? Many have been browbeaten into submission, or have discovered that it's easier to play the game than to buck the system. But also, a different type of person is entering medical practice these days. Although the evidence is largely anecdotal, Dr. Orient says that the best students are avoiding medical schools and the schools are lowering their standards. (In 1990, 16% of medical graduates flunked the national boards, compared with 9% in 1984.)

Adoption of Social Networking Sites

2012 ◽  
pp. 600-607
Author(s):  
Y. P. Chang ◽  
D. H. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
International Phenomenon

The adoption of social networking sites has become an international phenomenon. This encyclopedia entry synthesizes the literature concerning adoption of social networking sites. It offers a definition about adoption of social networking sites. It provides an overview on historical development by specifying the pioneering scholars of danah boyd and Nicole Ellison and current knowledge status of the adoption of social networking sites. It introduces the current scientific knowledge by specifying leading scholars’ researches from five representative areas, namely adopters’ characteristics, adopters’ motivation, antecedents of adoption, adopters’ behavior and consequences of adoption. It also concludes the entry and outlines future directions.

The state of ethical-legal oaths in UK medical practice today: Is it time to look at standardising?

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-202
Author(s):  
RL Atenstaedt
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
The State ◽  
Rite Of Passage ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
The Uk

The taking of an ethical-legal oath is a “rite of passage” for many medical practitioners. A 1997 paper noted that half of medical schools in the UK administer an oath. I performed a survey of UK medical schools to see whether these are still used today. An electronic survey was sent to 31 UK medical schools, asking them whether the Hippocratic Oath (in any version) was taken by their medical students; non-respondents were followed up by telephone. Information was obtained from 21 UK medical schools, giving a response rate of 68% (21/31). A total of 18 (86%) institutions use an oath. Ethical-legal oaths are therefore taken in the vast majority of UK medical schools today. However, a great variety are used, and there are advantages in standardisation. My recommendation is that the Standard Medical Oath of the UK (SMOUK) is adopted by all medical schools, and that this is also taken regularly by doctors as part of revalidation.

scholarly journals Género y juventus: primeras médicas argentinas que honraron el género desde su juventud: actuales implicancias

2010 ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Larisa Ivon Carrera Fernández ◽  
Alberto Enrique D'Ottavio Cattani
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
University Education ◽  
Clear Link ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
De Medicina

Uno de los campos en los que la ligazón entre género y juventud resulta notoria es el de la educación universitaria. Considerando previamente lo ocurrido a nivel latinoamericano, se destacan las vidas de las primeras médicas argentinas (Cecilia Grierson, Elvira Rawson Guiñazú, Adelma Gossweiler, Francisca Montaut y María Beljover) quienes, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y en la primera del siglo XX, se sobrepusieron a obstáculos para su matriculación, cursado y egreso en las Facultades de Medicina así como para su condicionada práctica médica, excediendo este quehacer y bregando en favor de varios derechos femeninos. Su evocación adquiere actuales implicancias.<br /><br />University education is a field exhibiting a clear link between gender and youth. As concern former Latin American experiences, the first Argentinean medical women (Cecilia Grierson, Elvira Rawson Guiñazú, Adelma Gossweiler, Francisca Montaut and María Beljover) should be considered. During a period running from the second half of the XIX century to the first half of the XX century, they managed to overcome drawbacks dealing with matriculation, their study and qualification in medical schools as well as with their conditioned medical practice. They also struggled for many feminine rights. Their evocation acquires current implications.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Knowing, Proposing and Acting: Epistemological Aspects of Medical Practice in the New Millennium.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Rafael Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Health It ◽  
Concept Of Disease ◽  
Scientific Societies ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Rational Thought ◽  
Object Of Knowledge ◽  
New Millennium

In this work, it is analysed how the medical practice is imbued with Cartesian rational thought as well as empiricist thought and it is stated that medicine is an art and is science. It is proposed that the object of knowledge of the medical practice is not the concept of disease but health. It is from the concept of health and normality that medical taxonomy labels individuals as sick. This taxonomy is frequently re-evaluated and reorganized by scientific societies. This sometimes occurs according to new knowledge, but this categorization may also be questioned due to direct intervention or indirect pressure related to interests, especially economic, that are sometimes not clearly visible. Accordingly, an ongoing discussion is needed to keep the medical practice neutral against struggles of interest derived from the health industry. These topics must be considered and debated in medical schools including undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

scholarly journals The Time-Varying Nature of the Overreaction Effect: Evidence from the UK

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Andrikopoulos ◽  
Arief Daynes ◽  
Paraskevas Pagas
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
The Uk

Previous studies on the overreaction effect in the UK show that prior losers consistently outperform prior winners in the period 1975 to 1990. This paper extends current knowledge by assessing the above phenomenon in the UK market for the period 1987 to 2007. In contrast to earlier research, we produce evidence of a weak presence of the overreaction effect for the latest test period. Further, we show that, after adjusting for size, the overreaction effect almost disappears and any additional excess post-formation return to prior-losers is attributable to market cycles. This study implies that the presence of the overreaction effect in the UK stock market is time-varying and difficult to exploit in practice.  

scholarly journals Methodological function of pedagogical design in the classical and post-non-classical paradigms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Р. Хайрутдинов
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Practical Activity ◽  
Pedagogical Design ◽  
Design Function ◽  
The One

В настоящее время приобретает всё большую актуальность представление о проектировании как специфическом способе методологической работы в сфере образовании. Цель статьи заключается в обосновании и раскрытии сущностных характеристик методологической функции проектирования и осуществлении сравнительной характеристики её проявления в классической и постнеклассической парадигмах. Автором обосновано понимание проектирования как составной части методологии педагогики, функциональное назначение которого состоит, с одной стороны, в проекции научного знания о содержании и способах изменений педагогической действительности на её конкретную область, а с другой стороны – в осмыслении наукой таких достижений практики, которые ещё не нашли объяснение в теории. Раскрыта сущность этой взаимосвязи в рамках классической парадигмы, которая заключается в обеспечении стабильного функционирования образовательных систем на основе норм, заданных наукой. В постнеклассической парадигме в качестве общих регулятивов проекции научного знания на область практической деятельности выступают принципы системности, контекстуальности, конвенциональности, саморазвития проектируемых объектов, рефлексивности, рискованности. Значение проведённого исследования заключается в расширении предметных областей практического применения методологии проектирования, к числу которых относится, например, научно-образовательное пространство вуза с его институциональными формированиями – научными центрами, лабораториями, редакциями научных изданий и т.д. Currently, the idea of design as a specific method of methodological work in the field of education is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and disclose the essential characteristics of the methodological design function and to carry out a comparative characteristic of its manifestation in the classical and post-nonclassical paradigms. The author substantiates the understanding of design as an integral part of the methodology of pedagogy, the functional purpose of which consists, on the one hand, in the projection of scientific knowledge about the content and methods of changes in pedagogical reality to its specific area, and on the other hand, in the understanding of such achievements of practice by science that have not yet found an explanation in theory. The essence of this relationship is revealed within the framework of the classical paradigm, which consists in ensuring the stable functioning of educational systems based on the norms set by science. In the post-nonclassical paradigm, the principles of consistency, contextuality, conventionality, act as general regulators of the projection of scientific knowledge onto the area of practical activity, self-development of projected objects, reflexivity, and riskiness act as general regulatives of the projection of scientific knowledge on the field of practical activity. The significance of the conducted research is to expand the subject areas of practical application of the design methodology, which include, for example, the scientific and educational space of the university with its institutional formations – research centers, laboratories, editorial offices of scientific publications, etc.

Walking the swards: medical education and the rise and spread of the botanical field class

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Living State ◽  
Informal Approach

Physic gardens expressly for teaching medical students to recognise herbs in the living state originated in northern Italy in 1543 and became a facility to which Europe's leading universities increasingly aspired. In default of one, the practice arose of taking students into the countryside instead; but that depended on there being a teacher who was also a keen field botanist. In the seventeenth century Paris, London and Edinburgh replaced Montpellier and Basle as the principal centres of this more informal approach, which eventually had one or two commercial imitators as well. When stricter qualifications governing medical practice in Britain induced a great expansion of medical schools there after 1815 student excursions were taken in Scotland to new heights of popularity and ambitiousness. Having originated in a need to protect future practitioners from being duped by their suppliers, field classes ended up by generating the publication of floras, a market for botanical collecting equipment and, above all, a simpler model for local associations of naturalists which liberated them from an inherited organisational straitjacket.

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