Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Cold Drawn Tube

2021 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Cai Tang ◽  
Jun Wen ◽  
Hui Ji Fan
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Strength And Plasticity

The annealing process of an improved Q420 cold drawn tube was studied by using different annealing temperatures (430°C, 450°C, 470°C, 490°C and 510°C) with a same annealing holding time (3h). The effect of different annealing temperatures on the mechanical properties, microstructure and fracture features of the cold drawn tube was studied by means of tensile test, microstructure observation and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results show that, annealing temperature has great influence on the strength and plasticity of the cold drawn tube. When the annealing temperature increased to 450°C, banded microstructure was mitigated and the pearlite is relatively dispersed. The tensile fracture morphology under the annealing temperature of 450°C has more dimples and deeper bremsstrahlung than other annealing temperatures. The best annealing process of the cold drawn tube was 450°C×3h. Under this annealing process, the cold drawn tube with good strength and toughness can be obtained.

Structural Changes of UHV Deposited Titanium Thin Films in Presence of Oxygen Flow and Temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 1094-1098
Author(s):  
Haleh Kangarlou ◽  
Mehdi Bahrami Gharahasanloo ◽  
Akbar Abdi Saray ◽  
Reza Mohammadi Gharabagh
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Oxygen Flow ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Titanium Thin Films ◽  
Deposition Angle ◽  
Ti Films

Ti films of same thickness, and near normal deposition angle, and same deposition rate were deposited on glass substrates, at room temperature, under UHV conditions. Different annealing temperatures as 393K, 493K and 593K with uniform 8 cm3/sec, oxygen flow, were used for producing titanium oxide layers. Their nanostructures were determined by AFM and XRD methods. Roughness of the films changed due to annealing process. The gettering property of Ti and annealing temperature can play an important role in the nanostructure of the films.

Raman Spectra of Ion Implanted Graphite

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Elman ◽  
H. Mazurek ◽  
M.S. Dresselhaus ◽  
G. Dresselhaus
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Lattice Order ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
High Fluences ◽  
Lattice Damage ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTRaman spectroscopy is used in a variety of ways to monitor different aspects of the lattice damage caused by ion implantation into graphite. Particular attention is given to the use of Raman spectroscopy to monitor the restoration of lattice order by the annealing process, which depends critically on the annealing temperature and on the extent of the original lattice damage. At low fluences the highly disordered region is localized in the implanted region and relatively low annealing temperatures are required, compared with the implantation at high fluences where the highly disordered region extends all the way to the surface. At high fluences, annealing temperatures comparable to those required for the graphitization of carbons are necessary to fully restore lattice order.

scholarly journals Thermal Stability, Hardness, and Corrosion Behavior of the Nickel–Ruthenium–Phosphorus Sputtering Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Yu-Cheng Hsiao ◽  
Fan-Bean Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
Heat Treated Temperature

Nickel–ruthenium–phosphorus, Ni–Ru–P, alloy coatings were fabricated by magnetron dual-gun co-sputtering from Ni–P alloy and Ru source targets. The composition variation and related microstructure evolution of the coatings were manipulated by the input power modulation. The as-prepared Ni–Ru–P alloy coatings with a Ru content less than 12.2 at.% are amorphous/nanocrystalline, while that with a high Ru content of 52.7 at.% shows a feature of crystallized Ni, Ru, and Ru2P mixed phases in the as-deposited state. The crystallized phases for high Ru content Ni–Ru–P coatings are stable against annealing process up to 600 °C. By contrast, the amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni–Ru–P thin films withstand a heat-treated temperature up to 475 °C and then transform into Ni(Ru) and NixPy crystallized phases at an annealing temperature over 500 °C. The surface hardness of the Ni–Ru–P films ranges from 7.2 to 12.1 GPa and increases with the Ru content and the annealing temperatures. A highest surface hardness is found for the 550 °C annealed Ni–Ru–P with a high Ru content of 52.7 at.%. The Ecorr values of the heat-treated amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni–Ru–P coatings become more negative, while with a high Ru content over 27.3 at.% the Ni–Ru–P films show more negative Ecorr values after annealing process. The pitting corrosion feature is observed for the amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni–Ru–P coatings when tested in a 3.5M NaCl solution. Severer pitting corrosion is found for the 550 °C annealed Ni–Ru–P coatings. The development of Ni(Ru) and NixPy crystallized phases during annealing is responsible for the degeneration of corrosion resistance.

The Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Properties and Second-Phase Particles of 0.4mm Galvanized Ti-IF Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 442 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Feng Li ◽  
Jia Shun Lv ◽  
Hong Gang Yang ◽  
Fang Zhou ◽  
Leng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Annealing Experiments ◽  
Tension Strength

A series of simulated continuum annealing experiments were done on 0.4mm Ti-IF by Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation machine at 700, 730, 760, 790, 820 and 850 degree. The optical microstructures of the specimens were characterized. Transmission electron microscopy analysis was carried out to investigate the second phase particles shape, size and distribution. The mechanical properties of the specimens were measured. The results showed that the yield strength and the tension strength of the steel decreased when the annealing temperature increased, the elongation increased when the annealing temperature increased, expect a maximum elongation value at 760 degree. Based on the microstructure and the second phase, the reason why there was a maximum value was discussed.

Study of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Medium Manganese Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 659-663
Author(s):  
Xiao Gang Li ◽  
Ai Min Zhao ◽  
Hong Hong Zheng ◽  
Shao Heng Sun ◽  
Hong Xiang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Manganese Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Medium Manganese Steel ◽  
Strength And Plasticity

The microstructure and mechanical properties of a medium manganese quenching and partitioning (Q&P) steel for automobile were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mechanical property test. The grain size and recovery degree were greatly affected by annealing temperature normally. The result shows that the medium manganese steel after quenching and partitioning (Q&P) heat treatment exhibited good mechanical properties. The maximum tensile strength and yield strength was 1280MPa and 1421MPa at 600°C, respectively. Additionally, the product of strength and plasticity could reached to 40472MPa×% at 640°C. Annealing temperature also had a great influence on the volume of retained austenite which increases linearly with the rise of annealing temperature as well.

Synthesis and properties of 0.3%Y2O3/0.3%La2O3/0.3%Al2O3/Cu composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Wang ◽  
Ming Xie ◽  
Jiming Zhang ◽  
Yongtai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Arc Erosion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fracture Appearance ◽  
Erosion Surface

AbstractThe 0.3%Y2O3/0.3%La2O3/0.3%Al2O3/Cu composite was prepared by oxygen and nitrogen atomization spray deposition technique, internal oxidation, and then treated by annealing at different temperatures. Physical properties such as microstructures, fracture appearance, hardness, strength, electrical conductivity, and arc erosion surface of the composite were investigated. The experimental results show that with an increase in the annealing temperature, the grains of the composite grow up obviously and the electrical conductivity of the composite increases gradually, while the hardness and the tensile strength decrease. When the annealing temperature reaches 1000°C, the matrix grains begin to appear as annealing twins. The tensile fracture morphology of the composite that has been treated by annealing at 700°C for 2 h shows a huge number of large and deep dimples, in which the metallic oxide particles exist. The fracture mode of the composite is the microporous polycondensation plastic fracture. The arc erosion surface shows a large number of paste-like coagulum and bubbles.

Features of the Post-Deformation Hardening of Fe-Cr-Co Hard Magnetic Alloys with W and Ga Additives

2009 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Belozerov ◽  
N.N. Shchegoleva ◽  
G.V. Ivanova ◽  
N.V. Mushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Alloys ◽  
Hard Magnetic Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Deformation Hardening ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Strength And Plasticity

The structure, mechanical and magnetic properties have been studied for Fe-Cr-Co-based hard magnetic alloys with W and Ga additives, subjected by the quenching and post-deformation hardening. The alloys combine the properties of the hard magnetic material with outstanding mechanical strength and plasticity. Using X-ray and electron microscopy analysis, the reasons and conditions of formation of these properties have been determined.

Study of Mechanical Properties of Jute-Banana-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites under Various Post Curing Temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ramesh ◽  
R. Vimal ◽  
K. Hari Hara Subramaniyan ◽  
C. Aswin ◽  
B. Ganesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sandwich Type ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

With recent developments in technology and science, we have been depending heavily on synthetic materials for various applications. In the present work, jute, banana and glass fibers are reinforced with epoxy resin in alternative positioning and various probabilities at different post curing temperature to form sandwich type composites. The composite block was cured at room temperature for 24hrs. The cold cured composite block was then post cured at various post curing temperature of 30°C, 60°C, 90°C, 120°C, 150°C and 180°C and 3KPa pressure in the hot press for 10minutes. The tensile and flexural properties of the composites obtained at different post curing temperature were studied. The morphology of the tensile fracture was studied using scanning electron microscopy analysis.

Material analysis techniques using the ion mill

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 1034-1035
Author(s):  
J. P. Benedict ◽  
R. M. Anderson ◽  
S. J. Klepeis
Keyword(s):  
Polished Surface ◽  
Surface Material ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Material Analysis ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Argon Ions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ion mills equipped with flood guns can perform two important functions in material analysis; they can either remove material or deposit material. The ion mill holder shown in Fig. 1 is used to remove material from the polished surface of a sample for further optical inspection or SEM ( Scanning Electron Microscopy ) analysis. The sample is attached to a pohshing stud type SEM mount and placed in the ion mill holder with the polished surface of the sample pointing straight up, as shown in Fig 2. As the holder is rotating in the ion mill, Argon ions from the flood gun are directed down at the top of the sample. The impact of Argon ions against the surface of the sample causes some of the surface material to leave the sample at a material dependent, nonuniform rate. As a result, the polished surface will begin to develop topography during milling as fast sputtering materials leave behind depressions in the polished surface.

Improvement of the Specific Contact Resistance on P-Type 4H-SiC by Using a Highly P-Typed Doped 4H-SiC Layer Selectively Grown by VLS Transport

2014 ◽  
Vol 806 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Nicolas Thierry-Jebali ◽  
Arthur Vo-Ha ◽  
Davy Carole ◽  
Mihai Lazar ◽  
Gabriel Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Ohmic Contacts ◽  
Schottky Barrier Height ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Specific Contact Resistance ◽  
High Doping Level ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Specific Contact ◽  
P Type

This work reports on the improvement of ohmic contacts made on heavily p-type doped 4H-SiC epitaxial layer selectively grown by Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) transport. Even before any annealing process, the contact is ohmic. This behavior can be explained by the high doping level of the VLS layer (Al concentration > 1020 cm-3) as characterized by SIMS profiling. Upon variation of annealing temperatures, a minimum value of the Specific Contact Resistance (SCR) down to 1.3x10-6 Ω.cm2 has been obtained for both 500 °C and 800 °C annealing temperature. However, a large variation of the SCR was observed for a same process condition. This variation is mainly attributed to a variation of the Schottky Barrier Height.

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