scholarly journals Evaluarea delincvenței la adolescenți

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Eliza Penelopa Nicolaescu ◽  
Igor Racu
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Delinquent Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency

This article presents data from the research on the personality development of delinquent adolescents, conducted on a sample of 210 adolescents. Adolescent delinquency comes from a combination of various and varied factors. An effective tool in detecting delinquent behavior and problematic personality traits specific to the criminal pattern streamlines work against the ever-increasing crime among young people. This article presents the results investigated by the Hart and Hare model in 1994. PCL-R provides a dimensional score, which represents the degree to which a particular person fits or does not fit the prototype personality with delinquent pattern. Thus, various correlations can be made with a series of other psycho-social factors that can influence the disharmonious and dysfunctional becoming with antisocial pattern of adolescents.

scholarly journals A SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MINORS’ CAUSAL ATTRIBUTIONS FOR THEIR OWN DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR

2018 ◽  
pp. 231-255
Author(s):  
Izet Pehlić ◽  
Jakub Hasić ◽  
Suad Orlić
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Delinquent Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Antisocial Tendencies

The aim of the research was to make a socio-pedagogical description of the minors’ causal attributions for their own delinquent behavior, based on the attitudes expressed by juvenile delinquents. Moreover, the aim was to reveal whether there is a statistically significant correlation between internal and external factors of delinquent behavior. A method of theoretical analysis and a descriptive-analytical method were employed, while a Delinquent Behavior Attribution Scale (Ricijaš, 2009) was used as an instrument. The current research sample consisted of 205 juvenile delinquents aged 14-18 coming from the Zenica-Doboj Canton and showing some forms of risky and delinquent behavior. The results related to the internal causes of delinquent behavior showed that the young people mostly emphasize the following causes: antisocial tendencies, followed by unthoughtfulness, personal frustration, and susceptibility to peer pressure. The results associated with external causes of delinquent behavior indicated that the young people emphasize poverty and material benefit as causes in most cases, followed by excessive control and supervision by parents, poor family relationships, situation in which the minor is, narcotics, antisocial peers, permissive parents and alcohol. The results pertaining to the relationship between internal and external causes of delinquent behavior revealed that there is a statistically significant correlation between internal and external causes of delinquent behavior. It was concluded that socio-pedagogical preventive acting should include a range of factors exerting an influence on the personality development of young people, and that socio-pedagogical programs for providing support to juvenile delinquents should be created and realized with the aim to reduce and eliminate the causes of their delinquent behavior, and to contribute to their better resocialization.

Formacja prawnika wyzwaniem czasów

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Stanisław Leszek Stadniczeńko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Political Disputes

The author considers the questions relating to the formation of lawyers’ professional traits from the point of view of the significance which human capital and investment in this capital hold in contemporary times. It follows from the analyses, which were carried out, that the dire need for taking up actions with the aim to shape lawyers appears one of the most vital tasks. This requires taking into account visible trends in the changing job market. Another aspect results from the need for multilevel qualifications and conditions behind lawyers’ actions and their decisions. Thus, colleges of higher education which educate prospective lawyers, as well as lawyers’ corporations, are confronted by challenges of forming, in young people, features that are indispensable for them to be valuable lawyers and not only executors of simple activities. The author points to the fact that lawyers need shaping because, among others, during their whole social lives and realization of professional tasks their personality traits and potential related to communication will constantly manifest through accepting and following or rejecting and opposing values, principles, reflexions, empathy, sensitivity, the farthest-fetched imagination, objectivism, cooperation, dialogue, distancing themselves from political disputes, etc. Students of the art of law should be characterized by a changed mentality, new vision of law – service to man, and realization of standards of law, as well as perception of the importance of knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences.

Models of Personality Development in Emerging Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Pratt ◽  
M. Kyle Matsuba
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 2 reviews research and theory on the life story and its development and relations to other aspects of personality. The authors introduce the integrative framework of McAdams and Pals, who described three levels in a broad model of personality: personality traits; personal goals, values, and projects; and the unique life story, which provides a degree of unity and purpose to the individual’s life. This narrative, which develops in late adolescence and emerging adulthood, as individuals become able to author their own stories, includes key scenes of emotional and personal importance to provide a sense of continuity, while remaining flexible and dynamic in incorporating changes in the self over time. The chapter ends with a description of Alison, an emerging adult from our Canadian Futures Study, who illustrates these levels and what they tell about personality development during this period.

A Challenging Future: Current Barriers and Recommended Action for Our Field

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Webber ◽  
Brenda Scheuermann
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Educational Programming ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
Recommended Action

More children and youth are developing emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) while services are dwindling. Social factors, unsympathetic public policy, and ineffective educational programming are formidable barriers for those of us who care about and work with these young people. However, we cannot desist in our responsibility as professionals. Through expanded expertise and ardent advocacy, we can make a difference in these regressive trends. This article presents an overview of current forces impinging on the field of EBD and offers some recommendations for action.

Promoting Multicultural Personality Development: A Strengths-Based, Positive Psychology Worldview for Schools

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0801200
Author(s):  
Joseph G. Ponterotto ◽  
David E. Mendelowitz ◽  
Ernest A. Collabolletta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
School Counseling ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multicultural Personality ◽  
Personality Research

This article extends the relevance of multicultural development to the Strengths-Based School Counseling (SBSC; Galassi & Akos, 2007) perspective. A relatively new construct for school counselors, the “multicultural personality” (MP), is introduced and defined. The MP is conceptualized as a cluster of narrow personality traits that can be subsumed under broader models of personality. Research has found that MP development is correlated with coping, adapting, and thriving in increasingly culturally diverse environments such as the United States. Suggestions for integrating MP development across the guiding principles of SBSC are presented.

scholarly journals Personality development from 12 to 18 years of age: changes in mean levels and structure of traits

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jüri Allik ◽  
Kaia Laidra ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Helle Pullmann
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
The Self ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
The Mean

The Estonian NEO‐FFI was administered to 2650 Estonian adolescents (1420 girls and 1230 boys) aged from 12 to 18 years and attending 6th, 8th, 10th, or 12th grade at secondary schools all over Estonia. Although the mean levels of personality traits of Estonian adolescents were quite similar to the respective scores of Estonian adults, there was a developmental gap in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Three of the five personality dispositions demonstrated a modest cross‐sectional change in the mean level of the trait scores: the level of Openness increased and the levels of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness decreased between 12 and 18 years of age. Although the five‐factor structure of personality was already recognizable in the sample of 12‐year‐old children, it demonstrated only an approximate congruence with the adult structure, suggesting that not all children of that age have developed abilities required for observing one's own personality dispositions and for giving reliable self‐reports on the basis of these observations. The self‐reported personality trait structure matures and becomes sufficiently differentiated around age 14–15 and grows to be practically indistinguishable from adult personality by the age of 16. Personality of adolescents becomes more differentiated with age: along with the growth of mental capacities the correlations among the personality traits and intelligence become smaller. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Theories of Personality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra M Brandes ◽  
Kathleen Wade Reardon ◽  
Jennifer L Tackett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Adult Individual ◽  
Foundational Research ◽  
The Life Course

The study of personality development has seen significant advances in the last two decades. For many years, youth and adult individual differences were studied from separate theoretical standpoints. However, more recent research has indicated that teenagers display personality traits in many of the same ways as adults. These personality traits are moderately stable throughout the life course, but there are important developmental shifts in their expression, structure, and maturation, especially in adolescence. This has resulted in an effort to study youth personality “in its own right” (Tackett, Kushner, De Fruyt, & Mervielde, 2013). Early personality associations with important lifelong outcomes including academic achievement, mental health, and interpersonal relationships further underscore the importance of studying traits in youth. Here we discuss current consensus and controversy on adolescent personality and highlight foundational research on the topic.

scholarly journals СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ТРИВОЖНОСТІ УЧНІВ ТА СТУДЕНТІВ СУЧАСНИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ РІЗНИХ ТИПІВ

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4(44)) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Тимощук Оксана Василівна ◽  
Токар Ірина Тадеївна ◽  
Кича Ірина Іванівна
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Leading Indicators ◽  
New Work ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Initial Stage

In conditions of modern daily stresses and ecologically unfavorable external factors, the level of anxiety becomes one of the leading indicators of the personality development. Anxiety predominates in the lives of modern students and very often causes a decrease in work capacity, labor productivity, communication problems and can lead to the development of various somatic diseases.At this stage, the level of anxiety becomes one of the driving factors of a number of psychological problems and is considered as an "anterior neurotic condition" and is an initial stage in behavioral disorders. Correction of anxiety and its dispel are very important in preparing students for difficult life and study situations and for learning new work. A present the number of anxious boys and girls has increased; they show signs of anxiety, uncertainty, and emotional instability. The results of recent research indicate both the increase in the number of anxious young people in comparison with the last decade, and the change in the form of anxiety, which seems to be "matured", it has become deeper and more personal.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL STATUS AND PERSONALITY TRAITS ON PHYSICAL PREPAREDNESS IN YOUNG PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
I Bogdanov ◽  
N Rychkova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Dynamic Study ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Movement Accuracy ◽  
Dynamic Coordination

Aim. The article deals with developing and testing a set of measures and methods influencing emotional status and personality traits for improving physical preparedness in young people. Materials and methods. We studied the results obtained during the performance of exercises from the all-Russian physical education program “Ready for labor and defense”. 500 persons aged 15–17 (307 males, 193 females) participated in the program. Before the program, we used a set of measures and methods influencing emotional status and personality traits. Results. The dynamic study revealed that the measures and methods developed for influencing emotional status and personality traits and aimed at establishing a positive attitude towards physical education lessons affect positively the indicators of speed, endurance, static and dynamic coordination, movement accuracy, etc. We registered that the program influenced positively the results obtained in the all-Russian physical education program “Ready for labor and defense”. Conclusion. The set of measures and methods proposed for creating better emotional status and actualizing significant personal traits proved its efficiency in improving motivation and developing interest and strive for success and achievements during PE lessons.

15. Personality theories

2021 ◽  
pp. 319-345
Author(s):  
Stephen Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Personality Characteristic ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Personality Theories

This chapter discusses the term ‘personality’, which is used to describe an individual’s temperamental and emotional attributes that are relatively consistent and that will influence behaviour. It also considers the extent to which the leading psychological explanations of personality development can be related to criminal behaviour. Psychologists use different classifications—some might include considerations of biological factors or aspects of mental disorder such as psychopathy within the category of personality—and refer to a persistent or stable personality characteristic as a trait. For many years, they have devised tests aimed at measuring personality traits in an attempt to test the hypothesis that people who are prone to act in an antisocial way are distinguishable from ‘normal’ people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document