TURISTIČKO PUTOVANjE PREMA NOVOM SRPSKOM ZAKONU O ZAŠTITI POTROŠAČA

2021 ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Dragan Vujisić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Travel Services ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Package Travel

In September 2021. the Republic of Serbia adopted the new Law on consumer protection which, on the one hand, represents a step further in harmonization of the Serbian consumer rights with the consumer rights of EU while, on the other hand it is also on advanced step in better quality of protection of Serbian consumers, bearing in mind the specific issues in Serbian legistature in general and the needs and the situation in practice. A part of this law deals also with the protection of consumers in a chieving their rights from the agreement on tourst travel. The Law on consumer protection (2021) implements Directive EU on package travel and linked travel arrangements (2015/2302). In addition to the harmonization required, as the travel service market experiences significant changes, especially because of the internet, that is, the fact that with the increasing number of the internet users the travel services are provided by the internet more often as well as establishment of new combinations of travel services, new legal solutions became necessary which resulted in obligatory further protection of travelers

Consumer protection when purchasing goods on the Internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Andrii M. Padalka ◽  
Alexandru Gribincea ◽  
Iryna M. Lesik ◽  
Olha V. Semenda ◽  
Olha O. Barabash
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
The Eu

Considering the global spread of the use of modern technologies, the Internet is increasingly gaining popularity as a platform for trading. That is why the need to protect consumer rights when buying goods via the Internet keeps growing. In particular, the author considers the problem of implementing consumer rights when purchasing goods in online stores in Ukraine and Moldova. The study showed that Ukraine and Moldova are gaining huge rates of development in the internet trade sector, which is further intensified in the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of lockdown. In this regard, the issue of compliance with consumer rights on the Internet is extremely relevant today. When studying the issue of consumer protection upon purchasing goods on the Internet, the author used a formal and logical method to determine the content of the main concepts, systematise the material, and obtain generalising conclusions within the framework of the subject matter. The comparative legal method helped identify trends and compare the legislation of Ukraine and the legislation of the Republic of Moldova in the context of consumer protection when purchasing goods on the Internet. According to the findings of the study, the legislative framework in the area of protecting the rights of consumers who purchase goods via the internet should be one of the priority areas of the world’s states. With regard to the legislation of Ukraine and Moldova in this area, it should be noted that given that Ukraine and Moldova have European integration aspirations, which in particular is reflected in the ratification of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU (European Union) of 2014, as well as the Association Agreement between Moldova and the EU of 2014, and the commitments made by these states to bring the legislation into line with the EU acquis, it is important to harmonise national legislation with EU standards in this area. In addition, the adoption of the concept of protecting the rights of consumers who purchase via the Internet is also important for Ukraine

Internet usage patterns and gender differences: a decision tree approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dijana Kovacevic ◽  
Ljiljana Kascelan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Web Developers

<p> </p> <p>the present study deals with a more detailed, and updated, modified model that allows for the identification of internet usage patterns by gender. The model was modified due to the development of the internet and new access models, on the one hand, and to the fact that previous studies mainly focuses on various individual (non-interactive) influences of certain factors, on the other.</p> <i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup> <p>The Decision Tree (DT) method, which is used in our study, does not require a pre-defined underlying relationship. In addition, the method allows a great many explanatory variables to be processed and the most important variables are easy to identify. </p><p>Obtained results can serve as to web developers and designers, since by indicating the differences between male and female internet users in terms of their behaviour on the internet it can help in deciding when, where and how to address and appeal to which section of the user base. It is especially important to know their online preferences in order to enable the adequate and targeted placement of information, actions or products and services for the intended target groups.</p><p> <b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><br></p>

A New Collaborative Filtering Approach Based on Game Theory for Recommendation Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Benkessirat ◽  
Narhimene Boustia ◽  
Rezoug Nachida
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Collaborative Filtering ◽  
Cooperative Game ◽  
Shapley Value ◽  
Cooperative Game Theory ◽  
Recommendation Systems ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
User Communities ◽  
The One

Recommendation systems can help internet users to find interesting things that match more with their profile. With the development of the digital age, recommendation systems have become indispensable in our lives. On the one hand, most of recommendation systems of the actual generation are based on Collaborative Filtering (CF) and their effectiveness is proved in several real applications. The main objective of this paper is to improve the recommendations provided by collaborative filtering using clustering. Nevertheless, taking into account the intrinsic relationship between users can enhance the recommendations performances. On the other hand, cooperative game theory techniques such as Shapley Value, take into consideration the intrinsic relationship among users when creating communities. With that in mind, we have used SV for the creation of user communities. Indeed, our proposed algorithm preforms into two steps, the first one consists to generate communities user based on Shapley Value, all taking into account the intrinsic properties between users. It applies in the second step a classical collaborative filtering process on each community to provide the Top-N recommendation. Experimental results show that the proposed approach significantly enhances the recommendation compared to the classical collaborative filtering and k-means based collaborative filtering. The cooperative game theory contributes to the improvement of the clustering based CF process because the quality of the users communities obtained is better.

scholarly journals Content and stylistic peculiarities of non-canonical Orthodox Internet Sermon in modern Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Konstantin S. Sharov
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Technical Professions

The paper is concerned with a study of the changing content and style of non-canonical Christian religious preaching in the digital age. Special attention is paid to the analysis of modern rhetoric Christian preachers practice in their Internet channels, forums and blogs. It is shown that the content of the Internet sermon is largely determined by the Internet users themselves and the topics of their appeals. The fundamental characteristics of the content of the Internet sermon are: 1) focus on the individual, their private goals and objectives, not just on theological problems; 2) rethinking the phenomenon of the neighbour; 3) a shift from the Hesychast tradition of preaching the importance of inner spiritual concentration to the preaching of religious interactivity. The observed stylistic features of the digital preaching can be summarised as follows: 1) moving away from simple answers to the rhetoric of new questions addressed to the audience; 2) empathy, co-participation with a person in his/her life conflicts and experiences; 3) desire to share religious information, not to impose it; 4) resorting to various rhetorical techniques to reach different audiences; 5) a tendency to use slang, sometimes even irrespective of the audience’s language preferences and expectations. It should be pointed out that the Orthodox Internet sermon in the Russian Internet space has a dual and contradictory nature. On the one hand, this phenomenon can be regarded as positive for the Orthodox preaching in general, since it is a means of spreading Christian ideas in the social groups that do not constitute a core of parishioners of Orthodox churches, for example, schoolchildren, students, representatives of technical professions, etc. On the other hand, the effectiveness of such preaching is still unclear. Lack of reliable statistics as well as the results of the survey related to the Orthodox Internet preaching gives us no opportunity to judge about effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the phenomenon at this stage of its development.

Mekanisme Ganti Rugi oleh Pt. Kereta Commuter Indonesia Kepada Para Penumpang Kereta Commuter Line JABODETABEK Pengguna Aplikasi LinkAja

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohmad Krismanto ◽  
Asep Syarifuddin Hidayat ◽  
Faris Satria Alam
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms ◽  
The Face

AbstractAccording to the annual report of PT. KCI until December 2018, PT. KCI has 792 KRL units, and continues to grow to date to meet the growing passenger demand from time to time. Users of the Commuter Line Train service, as a whole, as of December 2018, there were 336.7 million passengers. That number increased 7% from the number of passengers in 2017 amounted to 315.8 million passengers. At present, PT. KCI serves 79 stations throughout the Greater Jakarta, Banten and Cikarang areas with a route range of 418.5 km. In the face of an increase in the number of passengers, one of the efforts that can be emphasized in improving the quality of customer service is by implementing e-ticketing technology as a substitute for manual payment systems using paper tickets. Based on this with the large number of KRL enthusiasts, the need for legal arrangements governing consumer protection for KRL users. This is necessary to protect consumer rights in the event of undesirable events, such as Extraordinary Events (PL) on Jabodetabek commuter line train trips.This study aims to determine, describe, and provide an understanding of the forms of consumer protection and compensation mechanisms for passengers using the LinkAja application for the extraordinary events of the Jabodetabek Commuter Line Train trip by PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia.This study uses qualitative research, with a juridical empirical research method, namely legal research with existing facts and applied by humans living in the community itself that can be constrained or observed and free of values to determine the implementation of applicable legal norms.The results of the analysis showed that the form of passenger protection for users of the LinkAja application for extraordinary events on the Jabodetabek Commuter Line train trip, namely the compensation of the amount of money spent and the compensation could be given if the passenger canceled the Jabodetabek commuter line train trip. Jabodetabek commuter line train trip cancellation mechanism, can be done by Passenger can report to station officer to cancel Jabodetabek commuter line train trip. After that the station accompanied the passengers to cancel the Jabodetabek commuter line train trip to the station ticket clerk. Then the station ticket clerk confirmed to the linkaja that the passenger would cancel the Jabodetabek commuter line train trip due to an extraordinary event on the Jabodetabek commuter line train trip. When it has been confirmed by the linkaja, the passengers only need to wait for the balance to be returned to the passenger linkaja account itself.Abstrak Menurut laporan tahunan PT. KCI hingga Desember 2018, PT. KCI telah memiliki 792 unit KRL, dan terus bertambah hingga saat ini untuk memenuhi permintaan penumpang yang terus bertambah dari waktu ke waktu. Pengguna jasa Kereta Commuter Line, secara keseluruhan, per Desember 2018, terdapat 336,7 juta penumpang. Angka tersebut meningkat 7% dari jumlah penumpang tahun 2017 sebesar 315,8 juta penumpang. Saat ini, PT. KCI melayani 79 stasiun di seluruh wilayah Jabodetabek, Banten, dan Cikarang dengan jangkauan rute mencapai 418,5 km. Dalam menghadapi kenaikan jumlah penumpang, salah satu upaya yang dapat ditekankan dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan pelanggan, yaitu dengan penerapan teknologi e-ticketing sebagai pengganti dari sistem pembayaran manual dengan menggunakan tiket kertas. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dengan banyaknya peminat KRL, diperlukannya pengaturan hukum yang mengatur mengenai perlindungan konsumen bagi pengguna KRL. Hal ini diperlukan untuk melindungi hak-hak konsumen apabila terjadi hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan, seperti Peristiwa Luar Biasa (PL) pada perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan, dan memberi pemahaman mengenai bentuk perlindungan konsumen serta mekanisme ganti rugi pada penumpang pengguna aplikasi LinkAja atas  peristiwa luar biasa perjalanan Kereta Commuter Line Jabodetabek oleh PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia.            Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode penelitian empiris yuridis, yaitu penelitian hukum dengan fakta yang ada dan diterapkan oleh manusia yang hidup dalam masyarakat itu sendiri yang dapat dikonstatasi atau diamati dan bebas nilai untuk mengetahui implementasi norma hukum yang berlaku.            Hasil dari analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa bentuk perlindungan konsumen penumpang pengguna aplikasi LinkAja atas peristiwa luar biasa pada perjalanan kereta Commuter Line Jabodetabek, yaitu pemberian kompensasi sejumlah uang yang dikeluarkannya dan kompensasi tersebut dapat diberikan apabila penumpang membatalkan perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek. Mekanisme pembatalan perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek, dapat dilakukan dengan cara Penumpang dapat melapor ke petugas stasiun untuk melakukan pembatalan perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek. Setelah itu stasiun mendampingi penumpang untuk melakukan pembatalan perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek ke petugas loket stasiun. Lalu petugas loket stasiun mengkonfirmasi ke pihak linkaja bahwa penumpang tersebut akan melakukan pembatalan perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek dikarenakan adanya peristiwa luar biasa pada  perjalanan kereta commuter line Jabodetabek. Ketika sudah terkonfirmasi oleh pihak linkaja, penumpang hanya tinggal menunggu saldo dikembalikan ke akun linkaja penumpang itu sendiri.

Electronic Commerce for Health Products Services-Problems- Quality and Future

2009 ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Ag. Drougas
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
On Line ◽  
Enormous Number

Internet today is one of the most useful tools for information, education and business or entertainment. It is one of the modern technology tools giving us many applications world wide in various fields. One of the most important applications of the Internet is the e-commerce for quality health and medical products. There are an enormous number of Web sites offering health products with the method of E-commerce but still there are many problems with the quality of these products. To the other side many individuals are not able to choice and to know about the quality of these health products that offered today on line with the Internet companies. There are many serious proposals today in to the direction of the quality of the products in health. In this paper summarized many informations about the on line commerce for health products, some of the most popular products and the methodology to train individuals in to the direction to buy and choose quality products. In this paper also presented and analyzed the characteristics and criteria of one serious Internet health company and its Web site. Also how the different scientific organizations can help people and the electronic health commerce to be more effective in to various fields in the division of the popular health. This will be more effective after training and giving criteria and or educating Internet users for a serious choice in to their on line commerce with the E-Health Commerce Web Organizations.

scholarly journals Modelling and Prognosis of the Export of the Republic of Serbia by Using Seasonal Holt-Winters and Arima Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Mladenović ◽  
Vinko Lepojević ◽  
Vesna Janković-Milić
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Low labour costs as one of the key sources of export stimulation, the competitive advantage of domestic agricultural production and bilateral agreements with partner countries - all promote export as a potentially significant factor of encouragement of economic development of the Republic of Serbia.Taking into account this fact, on the one hand, and balance of payments problems that Serbia has been facing over the years, on the other hand, the subject of this paper is an analysis of trends in the Republic of Serbia export and explanation of variations in the export trends during the period from 2004 to 2014. The aim of the paper is to explore export trends forecast from January to December 2015.The analysis uses Holt-Winters and ARIMA methods for analyszing time series.The paper provides insight into the export trend forecasts for the period of 12 months, and thus confirms the possibility of practical usage of the time series analysis methods in forecasting macroeconomic variables such as export. The used methods identify increase of export during the summer and its decrease after October 2015. The paper establishes the existence of a high degree of congruence between forecasts obtained by using two methods, which confirm a high quality of the elaborated methods in the analysis of exports.

scholarly journals ROLE FORENSIC TRADE ANALYSIS WHILE HEARING CONSUMER PROTECTION CASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 406-416
Author(s):  
O. Dontsova ◽  
G. Sich
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
Major Player ◽  
The Right

This article content is aimed at characterization of urgent problematic issues, which are connected with determining the place of forensic expertise in cases related to the protection of consumer rights and the development of ways of solving emerging problems. The article emphasizes that in accordance with the current legislation, consumers have the right to protect their rights to the necessary quality, safety of goods and services, as well as the right to compensation for losses caused by goods of inadequate quality, dangerous to life and health, etc. It is determined that the main control in the sphere of trade is exercised by the State Service for Product Safety and Consumer Protection, and it is established that the problems are the inability of this service to carry out an instant check on a consumer complaint of a particular point of sale. At the present stage, the problem of citizens' rights including rights in the sphere of consumption, is extremely urgent, because accession of Ukraine to the European Union requires the application of European standards of product quality. In developed country, the consumer is a major player in market relations, which is focused on the production and improvement of the quality of goods and services. The application of sanctions to sellers, manufacturers of poor-quality products does not always give the necessary effect, because usually an unscrupulous manufacturer (seller, executor) pays a fine and continues to provide poor quality services, to supply products that are dangerous to life and health. Important factor in improving the quality of products and services provided is the legal knowledge of consumers themselves in protecting their rights. Consumer rights have a prerogative over the rights of sellers and producers, since human life and health under the Constitution of Ukraine is a fundamental value of the state. The authors described the actions that the consumer should take to protect their violated rights, and emphasized that in cases where the consumer seeks to restore justice for this issue, he should ask an expert institution to perform a forensic trade research.

scholarly journals Freedom of expression and protection of personal data on the Internet: The perspective of Internet users in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (47) ◽  
pp. 5-34
Author(s):  
Marta Mitrović
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The paper examines the views of Internet users concerning the protection of their rights on the Internet. The Web survey, conducted by the snowball sampling, included 783 Internet users who expressed their views regarding the ways the state (Serbia) and private agents (Facebook and Google) relate to the right of freedom of expression and privacy on the Internet. Also, the survey was used to examine the individual responsibility of users when it comes to the use of Internet services. Several hypotheses suggested that Internet users in Serbia do not have confidence in the country and private actors on the issue of protecting their rights. However, users also do not demonstrate a satisfactory level of individual responsibility. The most important findings indicate that: 1) only one-sixth of the respondents consider that the Government of the Republic of Serbia does not violate the privacy of Internet users; 2) almost half of the respondents do not feel free to express their views criticizing the government; 3) almost 90% of users are not satisfied how Facebook protects their privacy, while it is 1% lower in the case of Google; 4) a third of respondents answered positively to the question whether they had read terms of use of the analyzed companies, but half of them did not give a correct answer to the main questions; 5) only 8.9% of respondents who claimed to have read terms of use are aware of the fact that Facebook shares their data with third parties.

scholarly journals Marketing Digital: O Poder Das Redes Sociais Na Venda De Produtos Educacionais / Digital Marketing: The Power of Social Media in Selling Educational Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (57) ◽  
pp. 577-588
Author(s):  
Daniel Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Joana Dar’c Moreira Pimenta ◽  
Maria Zilvanir Pinheiro ◽  
Raimundo Edilberto Moreira Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Subject

Resumo – Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o poder das redes sociais na venda de produtos educacionais, sabendo que o universo tecnológico se faz a cada dia mais presente na sociedade. Assim, aumentando o vínculo de empresa e cliente. Inicialmente foram realizadas pesquisas e análises em diversas fontes de literatura sobre marketing digital e redes sociais. Tais ações foram necessárias para um aprofundamento teórico sobre a temática. Após as análises literárias, foram elaborados questionários e aplicados em forma de entrevista, coletando assim, informações através do público alvo. A entrevista foi aplicada através de links do Google formulários onde realizou-se uma análise da utilização do uso das tecnologias e quais suas estratégias utilizadas no marketing para vender de forma rápida e satisfatória para seus clientes. Foram entrevistadas quatro empresas bem conceituadas na área educacional, todas elas utilizam a internet como fonte de venda assim promovendo as mesmas e suas mercadorias. Ainda existem dificuldades no marketing digital, muitos ainda não o utilizam de forma correta e positiva pois é algo inovador que precisa sempre está de acordo com a necessidade do cliente, construindo uma relação fortalecida buscando o maior número de atrações fazendo com que as conheça e se relacione bem alavancando os negócios. Hoje o marketing digital é uma das maiores modalidades do comercio devido ao grande número de usuários da internet. Afinal, o mesmo é feito não só por computadores e celulares mais por um conjunto de pessoas e ações que buscam a melhoria e a qualidade de serviços para seus negócios. Palavras-Chave: Tecnologias. Vendas. Consumidores. Abstract:This article aims to reflect on the power of social networks in the sale of educational products, knowing that the technological universe is increasingly present in society. Thus, increasing the bond between company and customer. Initially, research and analysis were carried out in various sources of literature on digital marketing and social media. Such actions were necessary for a theoretical deepening on the subject. After the literary analyses, questionnaires were developed and applied in the form of an interview, thus collecting information from the target audience. The interview was applied through links from Google forms where an analysis of the use of the use of technologies was carried out and what are their strategies used in marketing to sell quickly and satisfactorily to their customers. Four reputable companies in the educational area were interviewed, all of which use the internet as a source of sales, thus promoting themselves and their goods. There are still difficulties in digital marketing, many still do not use it correctly and positively because it is something innovative that always needs to be in line with the customer's needs, building a strengthened relationship seeking the greatest number of attractions, making them know them and get to know them. relate well leveraging the business. Today, digital marketing is one of the biggest forms of commerce due to the large number of internet users. After all, the same is done not only for computers and cell phones, but also for a group of people and actions that seek to improve the quality of services for their businesses.Keywords: Technologies. Sales. Consumers.

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