scholarly journals PATHYA APATHYA: IMPACT AND ROLE IN LIFESTYLE DISORDERS

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3050-3055
Author(s):  
Vanya Gupta ◽  
Ved Bhushan Sharma ◽  
R.C.Tiwari ◽  
Manisha Dikshit ◽  
Anoop Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Abuse ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases ◽  
Entire Treatment

Ayurveda is an ancient and most trusted Indian system of medicine commonly used by Indians since time immemorial. Lifestyle diseases/ Metabolic diseases are described as diseases related to the way an individual or group of individuals live, also are referred under Non-Communicable Diseases. Over-crowding and rapid unplanned urbanization; globalization of unhealthy lifestyles is responsible for some of the major reasons for a sedentary life leading to these diseases. It includes arteriosclerosis, heart disease, stroke, obesity and type-2 diabetes, diseases related to smoking, alcohol and drug abuse. The contribution of metabolic risk factors such as high blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol and that of improper diet and alcohol use resulting in health loss. Therefore, the occurrence of these disorders has doubled in India over the past quarter of a century therefore it is the need of the hour to manage them diligently. Diet plays a key role to nourish life and balanced diet is very important for maintaining good health. In Ayurveda, wholesome diet is described which plays a very important role specifically rather than in modern medicine which emphasizes only on the components in the diet like proteins, carbohydrates, fats etc. Ayurveda additionally deals with various other aspects like combination of food article, their quantity, method of preparation, their emotional effect, nature of consumer including environmental considerations. Pathya and Apathya Ahara (dietary consideration) is a significant component of almost each and every prescription in Ayurveda therapy. Sometimes, Pathya-Apathya (dietary management) is itself an entire treatment.

Intramyocellular fat storage in metabolic diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Laurens ◽  
Cedric Moro
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Ectopic Lipid Storage

AbstractOver the past decades, obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) developed to reach an endemic scale. However, the mechanisms leading to the development of T2D are still poorly understood. One main predictor for T2D seems to be lipid accumulation in “non-adipose” tissues, best known as ectopic lipid storage. A growing body of data suggests that these lipids may play a role in impairing insulin action in metabolic tissues, such as liver and skeletal muscle. This review aims to discuss recent literature linking ectopic lipid storage and insulin resistance, with emphasis on lipid deposition in skeletal muscle. The link between skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin sensitivity, as well as the mechanisms of lipid-induced insulin resistance and potential therapeutic strategies to alleviate lipotoxic lipid pressure in skeletal muscle will be discussed.

scholarly journals The Essential Element Manganese, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolic Diseases: Links and Interactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longman Li ◽  
Xiaobo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that is involved in the synthesis and activation of many enzymes and in the regulation of the metabolism of glucose and lipids in humans. In addition, Mn is one of the required components for Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) that is mainly responsible for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondrial oxidative stress. Both Mn deficiency and intoxication are associated with adverse metabolic and neuropsychiatric effects. Over the past few decades, the prevalence of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD), obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatic steatosis, has increased dramatically. Previous studies have found that ROS generation, oxidative stress, and inflammation are critical for the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. In addition, deficiency in dietary Mn as well as excessive Mn exposure could increase ROS generation and result in further oxidative stress. However, the relationship between Mn and metabolic diseases is not clear. In this review, we provide insights into the role Mn plays in the prevention and development of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Computational Tools in the Discovery of FABP4 Ligands: A Statistical and Molecular Modeling Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Floresta ◽  
Davide Gentile ◽  
Giancarlo Perrini ◽  
Vincenzo Patamia ◽  
Antonio Rescifina
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Computer Aided Drug Design ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
The Past

Small molecule inhibitors of adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) have got interest following the recent publication of their pharmacologically beneficial effects. Recently it comes out that FABP4 is an attractive molecular target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, other metabolic diseases, and some type of cancers. In the past years, hundreds of effective FABP4 inhibitors have been synthesized and discovered but, unfortunately, none of them is in the clinical research phase. The field of computer-aided drug design seems to be promising and useful for the identification of FABP4 inhibitors; hence, different structure- and ligand-based computational approaches were already performed for their identification. In this paper, we searched for new potentially active FABP4 ligands in the Marine Natural Products (MNP) database. 14,492 compounds were retrieved from this database and filtered through a statistical and computational filter. Seven compounds were suggested by our methodology to possess a potential inhibitory activity upon FABP4 in the range of 79–245 nM. ADMET properties prediction were performed to validate the hypothesis of the interaction with the intended target and to assess the drug-likeness of these derivatives; from these analyses, three molecules resulted as excellent candidates for becoming new drugs.

scholarly journals The Interaction between the Gut Microbiome and Bile Acids in Cardiometabolic Diseases

Metabolites ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Cengiz Callender ◽  
Ilias Attaye ◽  
Max Nieuwdorp
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
The Past

Cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD) are a spectrum of diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and metabolic syndrome) that are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It has long been known that bile acids (BA), which are endogenously produced signalling molecules from cholesterol, can affect CMD risk and progression and directly affect the gut microbiome (GM). Moreover, studies focusing on the GM and CMD risk have dramatically increased in the past decade. It has also become clear that the GM can function as a “new” endocrine organ. BA and GM have a complex and interdependent relationship with several CMD pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the interplay between BA metabolism, the GM, and CMD risk and progression.

Immunomodulatory effects of Allium Sativum L. and its constituents against viral infections and metabolic diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Rayo Camacho-Corona ◽  
Alberto Camacho-Morales ◽  
Fernando Góngora-Rivera ◽  
Erandi Escamilla-García ◽  
Juan Luis Morales-Landa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Allium sativum L., or garlic, is one of the most studied plants worldwide within the field of traditional medicine. Current interests lie in the potential use of garlic as a preventive measure and adjuvant treatment for viral infections, e.g., SARS-CoV-2. Even though it cannot be presented as a single treatment, its beneficial effects are beyond doubt. The World Health Organization has deemed it an essential part of any balanced diet with immunomodulatory properties. Objective: The aim of the study was to review the literature on the effects of garlic compounds and preparations on immunomodulation and viral infection management, with emphasis on SARS-CoV-2. Method: Exhaustive literature search has been carried out on electronic databases. Conclusion: Garlic is a fundamental part of a well-balanced diet which helps maintain general good health. The reported information regarding garlic’s ability to beneficially modulate inflammation and the immune system is encouraging. Nonetheless, more efforts must be made to understand the actual medicinal properties and mechanisms of action of the compounds found in this plant to inhibit or diminish viral infections, particularly SARS-CoV-2. Based on our findings, we propose a series of innovative strategies to achieve such a challenge in the near future.

scholarly journals Ceramides in Metabolism: Key Lipotoxic Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagirath Chaurasia ◽  
Scott A. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Ceramide Production

The global prevalence of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, steatohepatitis, myocardial infarction, and stroke has increased dramatically over the past two decades. These obesity-fueled disorders result, in part, from the aberrant accumulation of harmful lipid metabolites in tissues not suited for lipid storage (e.g., the liver, vasculature, heart, and pancreatic beta-cells). Among the numerous lipid subtypes that accumulate, sphingolipids such as ceramides are particularly impactful, as they elicit the selective insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and ultimately cell death that underlie nearly all metabolic disorders. This review summarizes recent findings on the regulatory pathways controlling ceramide production, the molecular mechanisms linking the lipids to these discrete pathogenic events, and exciting attempts to develop therapeutics to reduce ceramide levels to combat metabolic disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 83 is February 10, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Determination of Type 2 Diabetes Risk by Using of Diabetes Risk Questionnaire Prepared by Turkish Diabetes Association in People Living in the District of Zeytinburnu, Istanbul

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulay Karakas ◽  
Neda Taner ◽  
Caglar Macit
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Scale Scores

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a serious condition that is rapidly increasing all over the world and can cause other metabolic diseases. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the probability of the participants having Type 2 diabetes by using diabetes risk questionnaire. Methods: During the month of March 2019, a validated questionnaire prepared by the Turkish Diabetes Association was administered to 500 patients (M= 223, (44.6%); (F= 277), (55.4%)) who were applying to a pharmacy in Zeytinburnu, Istanbul. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS version 21. Data were expressed as mean, standard deviation (SD) and percentage (%). In this respect, the normality of data distribution was determined by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Results: The scale total scores of women were significantly lower than the total scale scores of men (p<0.001). It was found that the risk of developing diabetes increased significantly with age (p <0.001). Patients aged 60 and over were at the highest risk of Type 2 diabetes. It was determined that the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes was significantly higher in patients with high blood pressure (n= 111), (p<0.001). One hundred and thirty-seven physically inactive participants had a significantly higher risk of Type 2 diabetes (p<0.001). Finally, the risk of diabetes increased with increasing weight (p <0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, increasing age, high blood pressure, physical inactivity can increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes. To prevent the risk, people should be physically active and they should consume healthy and balanced diet.  

Biological therapy of allergic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Elena S. Fedenko ◽  
Olga G. Elisyutina ◽  
Natalia I. Il`ina
Keyword(s):  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response ◽  
Antiviral Medications

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2-induced Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, continued to spread across the globe and spanned 188 countries. Under the new circumstances treatment approach for T2 allergic diseases such as asthma, chronic hives, atopic dermatitis, and sinusitis with polyps has been changed. In the past years, new biological therapies monoclonal antibodies for these diseases have been developed targeting different aspects of the type 2 immune response. New knowledge on the COVID-19 disease course raises many issues around the safety of biologicals in patients with active infection, as well as their interactions with antiviral medications. In Russia new biological therapies entered clinical practice but its effectiveness and safety still are not known. This newsletter is based on Considerations on Biologicals for Patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement and the latest scientific data.

Treatment Peculiarity of the Chronic Trophic Ulcers with Different Pathogenic Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Oksana K. Melekhovets ◽  
Tetyana O. Kharchenko ◽  
Victor F. Orlovskiy ◽  
Iuirii V. Melekhovets ◽  
Alevtina S. Radko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities are an unresolved problem of modern medicine. The treatment of this pathology requires new methods that optimize care regimens and improve patients’ quality of life. Aim: The study to improve efficacy of treatment of the patients with trophic ulcers of the lower limbs with consideration to pathogenesis. M aterials and Methods: The study included 32 patients with chronic venous disease C6 (1st group) and 31 with diabetes mellitus type 2, moderate severity, compensation stage with diabetic foot syndrome II stage according to Wagner’s classification (2nd group). In addition to basic therapy in both groups photodynamic therapy was added at the first stage of the study, and at the second stage plasma rich in growth factors was prescribed. Results: At baseline evaluating of the chronic venous disease demonstrates that a total score in patient of the 1st group was 20,9 points on a modified VCSS scale; after two weeks – 15,71 points (improvement by 24.83%), and 6 weeks after–9,72 points (improvement by 53.49%). In patients with DM (2nd group) at the baseline a total score average was 13,91 points according to S(AD)SAD-1 scale; after 2 weeks – 12,29 (improvement by 11,65%), after 6 weeks – 6,39 points (improvement by 54,06%). Conclusions: The inclusion of photodynamic therapy and plasmatherapy in complex therapy in both groups led to a significant improvement of the healing process and helps to reduce the depth and area of the wound surface. However, the wound healing in patients in group 2 was slower.

Mutations of mtDNA in some vascular and metabolic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita A. Sazonova ◽  
Anastasia I. Ryzhkova ◽  
Vasily V. Sinyov ◽  
Marina D. Sazonova ◽  
Tatiana V. Kirichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Mtdna Mutations

Background: The present review article considers some chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, the causes of which may be mitochondrial dysfunction. Very often, in the long course of the disease, complications may occur, leading to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke and as a result, death.In particular, a large percentage of human deaths nowadays belongs to cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathies and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: The aim of the present review was the analysis of literature sources, devoted to an investigation of a link of mitochondrial DNA mutations with chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, Results: The analysis of literature indicates the association of the mitochondrial genome mutations with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and various types of cardiomyopathies. Conclusion: The detected mutations can be used to analyze the predisposition to chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. They can also be used to create molecular-cell models necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs developed for treatment of these pathologies. MtDNA mutations associated withthe absence of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis could be potential candidates for gene therapy of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document