Histopathological and Hormonal Evaluation of Interaction effects of Ethidium Bromide, Nigella sativa, and Silver Nanoparticle on Male Rat Fertility

2021 ◽  
pp. 3184-3190
Author(s):  
Ali M. Ethaeb ◽  
Sattar J.J. Al-Shaeli ◽  
Tamarah H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Antioxidants Activity

Background: Food and water that contained metals and chemicals, contaminated air, extensively used of medicinal substances and cosmetic materials can induce infertility in several ways, and therefore increased numbers of couples not conceive globally. Aim: Investigation the toxic impact of ethidium bromide (EB) on testicular function and the therapeutic role of Nigella sativa (NS) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Materials and methods: A total of 50 male Wistar rats were assigned randomly into five equal groups; control (C) negative and four experimental which respectively received EB only, EB and NS, EB and AgNPs, and EB, NS, and AgNPs for 30 days. Post-experimental period, blood and testicular tissues were collected to determine the antioxidant activity, fertility hormones level, sperm quality and quantity, and histological structure of the testis. Results: In comparison to control, EB group exhibited significant reduction (P<0.05) in antioxidants (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione perioxidase (GPX)), sperm parameters (quantity, morphology, viability and motility), fertility hormones (FSL, LH, and testosterone), and clear histological defects (atrophy in seminiferous tubules, spermatozoa and spermatogonia apoptosis, vacuolization, congestion and thrombus in seminiferous tubules septum, and leydig cells degeneration). However, all these negative effects were significantly reversed in response to supplement of NS, AgNPs, and mixed of them. These including modulate antioxidants activity, sperm’s quantity and quality, fertility hormones, and testicular tissue structure. Conclusion: NS and AgNPs possess interesting properties that have ability to reverse negative impacts of EB, and therefore could be alternative and safe therapeutic agents for infertility.

Protective effects of thymoquinone against methotrexate-induced testicular injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 897-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Gökçe ◽  
Suleyman Oktar ◽  
Ahmet Koc ◽  
Zafer Yonden
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Thymoquinone is the major active component derived from Nigella sativa. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist widely used in clinic. Aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of thymoquinone on testicular toxicity of methotrexate. Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks old, 20 ± 2 g). The animals were divided into four groups with six mice in each group. Equivalent volumes of saline were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in the control group. In the thymoquinone group, mice received thymoquinone i.p. with a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Mice in the methotrexate group received single dose of methotrexate i.p., with a dose of 20 mg/kg. Finally, in the methotrexate plus thymoquinone group, in the first and the following 3 days after methotrexate administration, thymoquinone was injected with a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, i.p. At the end of the experiment, the left testis was quickly removed and divided into two parts for histological examination and biochemical analysis. Methotrexate alone increased total antioxidant capacity and myeloperoxidase activity compared to the controls. Thymoquinone treatment decreased total antioxidant capacity and prevented the increase in the myeloperoxidase activity. Light microscopy showed in mice that receiving methotrexate resulted in interstitial space dilatation, edema, severe disruption of the seminiferous epithelium and reduced diameter of the seminiferous tubules. Administration of thymoquinone reversed histological changes of methotrexate significantly. We suggest that thymoquinone use may decrease the destructive effects of methotrexate on testicular tissue of patients using this agent.

scholarly journals The effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by the cell phones on the testicular tissue

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Muhammet Ihsan Karaman ◽  
Ali Murat Gökçe ◽  
Orhan Koca ◽  
Bilal Karaman ◽  
Metin Ishak Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: Various risks have emerged in parallel to the rapidly increasing use of cell phones. Herein we studied the effects of cell phone emitted electromagnetic waves (EMW) on rat testes. Material and Methods: Twenty one adult male Albino rats were grouped into 3 groups each consisting of 7 rats. The first group was exposed to EMW on talk mode for 8 hours per day for 20 days and then their testes were extracted. The testes of the second group were extracted after 20 days of whole day EMW exposure. The third group was the control group. For the statistical analysis Mann- Whitney U analysis was performed. Results: At light microscopic examination of the testicular tissue, the existence of a high number of immature cells in the lumen of the seminiferous tubule in addition to the normal seminiferous tubules, besides irregular tubules with a reduction in the spermatogenic cell lines and tubules without lumen were observed in groups 1 and 2. Histopathological alterations were scored as 0 = none, 1 = low, 2 = medium, 3 = serious. The average scores of the three groups were found to be 4.25 ± 1.5 for the group 1, 4.33 ± 3.9 for the group 2 and 0.37 ± 1.1 for the group 3 respectively. As a result of the statistical evaluation, group 1 and group 2 had significantly higher scores than the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Infertility is one of the current problems of today due to a rapid increase in its incidence and cost. The negative effects of the EMWs on the testis should be taken into account and the necessary measures should be taken for prevention.

Vitamin C plays protective role against nicotine-induced histological damages on testis in wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Turki M. Al- Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Tissue Damages

Consumption of nicotine has been increasing day-by-day. Nicotine is consid-ered to cause dangerous effects and these symptoms are mostly seen in youths. Nicotine affects the lungs, the heart, the liver, the reproductive sys-tem and other organs in the body, and it is connected with lung cancer as documented by many researchers. The present study evaluated the protec-tive role of vitamin C against the tissue damages caused by nicotine in the rat testis. Four groups each with 6 rats were prepared G1: Control group re-ceived normal saline. G2: Nicotine group rats received 1.0 mg/kg of nicotine. G3: Vitamin C group rats received (200 mg/kg bw, once/day in water). G4: Vitamin C + Nicotine group animals received 1.0 mg/kg of nicotine and 200 mg/kg of Vitamin C. Administration of nicotine alone witnessed adverse effects and damage to the histopathological attributes of the testis, mostly seminiferous tubules were found deformed and showing basal vacuolation or massive degeneration and loss of germ cells, wide interstitial spaces with vascular congestion. On the other hand, the administration of vitamin C alone or vitamin C + nicotine had no adverse effects and damage were seen on the histological structure of testis tissues. Vitamin C which is a non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules and widely available seems to ameliorate histopathological damages caused by nicotine on the rat testicular tissue.

Restraint stress of male mice triggers apoptosis in spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells via activating the TNF-α system

Zygote ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
De-Ling Kong ◽  
Bin Xiao ◽  
Hong-Jie Yuan ◽  
Qiao-Qiao Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Testicular Cells ◽  
Tnf Α

SummaryStudies have indicated that psychological stress impairs human fertility and that various stressors can induce apoptosis of testicular cells. However, the mechanisms by which psychological stress on males reduces semen quality and stressors induce apoptosis in testicular cells are largely unclear. Using a psychological (restraint) stress mouse model, we tested whether male psychological stress triggers apoptosis of spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells through activating tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α signalling. Wild-type or TNF-α−/− male mice were restrained for 48 h before examination for apoptosis and expression of TNF-α and TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) in spermatozoa, epididymis, seminiferous tubules and spermatogenic cells. The results showed that male restraint significantly decreased fertilization rate and mitochondrial membrane potential, while increasing levels of malondialdehyde, active caspase-3, TNF-α and TNFR1 in spermatozoa. Male restraint also increased apoptosis and expression of TNF-α and TNFR1 in caudae epididymides, seminiferous tubules and spermatogenic cells. Sperm quality was also significantly impaired when spermatozoa were recovered 35 days after male restraint. The restraint-induced damage to spermatozoa, epididymis and seminiferous tubules was significantly ameliorated in TNF-α−/− mice. Furthermore, incubation with soluble TNF-α significantly reduced sperm motility and fertilizing potential. Taken together, the results demonstrated that male psychological stress induces apoptosis in spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells through activating the TNF-α system and that the stress-induced apoptosis in spermatogenic cells can be translated into impaired quality in future spermatozoa.

scholarly journals Inheritable testicular metabolic memory of high-fat diet causes transgenerational sperm defects in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Crisóstomo ◽  
Ivana Jarak ◽  
Luís P. Rato ◽  
João F. Raposo ◽  
Rachel L. Batterham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Memory ◽  
High Fat ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe consumption of energy-dense diets has contributed to an increase in the prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities worldwide. The adoption of unhealthy feeding habits often occurs at early age, prompting the early onset of metabolic disease with unknown consequences for reproductive function later in life. Recently, evidence has emerged regarding the intergenerational and transgenerational effects of high-fat diets (HFD) on sperm parameters and testicular metabolism. Hereby, we study the impact of high-fat feeding male mice (F0) on the testicular metabolome and function of their sons (F1) and grandsons (F2). Testicular content of metabolites related to insulin resistance, cell membrane remodeling, nutritional support and antioxidative stress (leucine, acetate, glycine, glutamine, inosine) were altered in sons and grandsons of mice fed with HFD, comparing to descendants of chow-fed mice. Sperm counts were lower in the grandsons of mice fed with HFD, even if transient. Sperm quality was correlated to testicular metabolite content in all generations. Principal Component Analysis of sperm parameters and testicular metabolites revealed an HFD-related phenotype, especially in the diet-challenged generation and their grandsons. Ancestral HFD, even if transient, causes transgenerational “inherited metabolic memory” in the testicular tissue, characterized by changes in testicular metabolome and function.

scholarly journals The Expression Levels and Cellular Localization of Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor (PEDF) in Mouse Testis: Its Possible Involvement in the Differentiation of Spermatogonial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1147
Author(s):  
Noy Bagdadi ◽  
Alaa Sawaied ◽  
Ali AbuMadighem ◽  
Eitan Lunenfeld ◽  
Mahmoud Huleihel
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor

Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional secretory soluble glycoprotein that belongs to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family. It was reported to have neurotrophic, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic activity. Recently, PEDF was found in testicular peritubular cells and it was assumed to be involved in the avascular nature of seminiferous tubules. The aim of this study was to determine the cellular origin, expression levels and target cells of PEDF in testicular tissue of immature and adult mice under physiological conditions, and to explore its possible role in the process of spermatogenesis in vitro. Using immunofluorescence staining, we showed that PEDF was localized in spermatogenic cells at different stages of development as well as in the somatic cells of the testis. Its protein levels in testicular homogenates and Sertoli cells supernatant showed a significant decrease with age. PEDF receptor (PEDF-R) was localized within the seminiferous tubule cells and in the interstitial cells compartment. Its RNA expression levels showed an increase with age until 8 weeks followed by a decrease. RNA levels of PEDF-R showed the opposite trend of the protein. Addition of PEDF to cultures of isolated cells from the seminiferous tubules did not changed their proliferation rate, however, a significant increase was observed in number of meiotic/post meiotic cells at 1000 ng/mL of PEDF; indicating an in vitro differentiation effect. This study may suggest a role for PEDF in the process of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Studies on the hypophysectomised ferret. II. - Spermatogenesis

1932 ◽  
Vol 112 (775) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Resulting Condition ◽  
Made In ◽  
Male Genital

Smith (1930) has shown that all parts of the reproductive tract of the male rat show pronounced atrophy after hypophysectomy. The testes are much reduced in size and are flabby. The seminiferous tubules show a corresponding diminution in size and all indications of spermatogenesis are absent. A more immediate effect of ablation of the pituitary gland is a complete loss of interest in the female. Richter and Wislocki (1930) also noted atrophy of the male genital organs of the rat after hypophysectomy, but in no great detail. Hypophysectomy has not yet been performed on a species in which the male shows a clear cut anœstrous period such as is found in the male ferret (Allanson, 1932). The present work was undertaken to find out if the testes of the ferret react to hypophysectomy in the same way as those of the rat, and to compare the resulting condition of the testes with that found during anœstrus. Further light on the activity of the pituitary body during anœstrus might thus be obtained. In addition, it was hoped to determine the rate of regression after hypophysectomy and to compare this with that found at the end of the breeding season. No attempt will be made in this or the following paper to deal with the general effects of hypophysectomy, but it may be mentioned that loss of body weight, if any, was slight during the time covered by these experiments.

scholarly journals Larger Testes and Higher Inhibin B Levels in Finnish than in Danish Newborn Boys

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 2732-2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina M. Main ◽  
Jorma Toppari ◽  
Anne-Maarit Suomi ◽  
Marko Kaleva ◽  
Marla Chellakooty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Testis Size ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Context: Recent studies showed that male reproductive health problems, such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular cancer, and low sperm quality, are more prevalent in Denmark than in Finland. Objectives: We hypothesized that, if fetal testicular dysgenesis contributed to these observations, differences in gonadal development and the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis would already be detectable perinatally. Thus, we investigated healthy newborn boys in both countries. Design: This was a prospective, longitudinal population-based study. Setting: Two primary obstetric centers were included at the University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Denmark, and Turku, Finland. Participants: The participants of the study included 633 Danish and 1044 Finnish boys, born at term with appropriate weight for gestational age. Interventions: Ultrasound determination of testis size at 0, 3, and 18 months and blood sampling (n = 727) at 3 months were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures: Testicular volume and reproductive hormones were measured. Results: Testis volume was significantly higher at all ages in Finnish than in Danish boys (medians, 98 vs. 95, 185 vs. 119, and 188 vs. 136 mm3, respectively; P &lt; 0.00001). Testis growth from birth to 3 months was larger in Finnish than in Danish boys (mean, 75 vs. 26 mm3; P &lt; 0.0001). Serum hormone levels were higher in Finnish than Danish boys for inhibin B (median, 456 vs. 385 pg/ml; P &lt; 0.0001), FSH (1.33 vs. 1.21 IU/liter; P &lt; 0.036), and SHBG (143 vs. 136 nmol/liter; P &lt; 0.022). Inhibin B was significantly positively correlated to testicular volume (r = 0.25; P &lt; 0.006). Conclusions: The larger testes and higher inhibin B levels most likely represent a bigger volume of seminiferous tubules in Finnish compared with Danish boys. Although this phenomenon may be attributable to a genetic difference between the two countries, it may also reflect environmental factors influencing testicular development.

Consequences of Microwave oven Exposed Diet on The Basal Lamina of Seminiferous Tubules of Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2141-2144
Author(s):  
Kishwar Naheed ◽  
Muhammad Saad Abdullah ◽  
Maria Yousaf ◽  
Humaira Ali ◽  
Fareeha Mushtaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Experimental Group

Usage of electronic gadgets like microwave oven is increasing day by day that heats the food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiations which has many hazardous effects on human health including fertility. Aim: To find the effects of microwave oven exposed diet on basal lamina of seminiferous tubules of mice alongwith protective effects of Mentha piperita and melatonin on the same tissue. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Methodology: Adult male mice (n=32) were divided into four groups. Control group (G1) received standard pellets prepared for mice. Second group (G2) was given mice pellets exposed to microwave oven. Third group (G3) received Mentha Piperita leaf extract along with mice pellets exposed to microwave oven and the fourth group (G4) received oral melatonin along with pellets exposed to microwave oven. Later their testicular tissue was removed for histological examination while basal lamina disruption was assessed by scoring. Data analyzed by SPSS 22.0v. Results: In group G2, there was slight disruption in the basal lamina in 75% of the cases while in experimental group G3, there was slight disruption of basal lamina only in 12.5% of the cases. However, in group G4, only 25% specimen had slight disruption of basal lamina Conclusion: It was concluded that microwave oven exposed diet produced severe disruption of basal lamina in group G2 that decreased in Mentha piperita and melatonin treated groups. However, Mentha piperita treated group produced better results than melatonin treated group. Keywords: Mice, Testis, Basal Lamina, Mentha piperita and Melatonin

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