Involvement of the XRCC1 Arg399Gln Gene Polymorphism in the Development of Cervical Carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Roszak ◽  
Margarita Lianeri ◽  
Pawel P. Jagodzinski

Background Although infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is crucial to the development of cervical cancer, it is not considered a sufficient isolated factor to cause this malignancy. The association of the XRCC1 Arg399Gln (rs25487) polymorphism with cervical cancer has been demonstrated in some populations. Methods The XRCC1 Arg399Gln genetic variants were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in patients with advanced cervical cancer (n=189) and controls (n=308). Results We observed that patients with advanced cervical cancer having the Gln/Gln or Gln/Arg vs Arg/Arg genotype displayed a 1.726-fold increased risk of cervical cancer (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.158-2.572, p=0.007). The odds ratio (OR) for Gln/Gln vs Gln/Arg or Arg/Arg was 1.742 (95% CI=1.073-2.827; p=0.0236). We also found a significantly higher frequency of the XRCC1 399Gln allele in patients with cancer than in controls, with OR=1.489 (95% CI=1.148-1.930, p=0.0026). The p value of the chi-square test for the trend observed for the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism was also statistically significant (ptrend=0.002). The statistical power of this study amounted to 78% for the Gln/Gln or Gln/Arg genotypes and 61% for the Gln/Gln genotype. Conclusion Although the statistical power of our study did not reach 80%, we found a statistically significant association between the XRCC1 399Gln variant and the incidence of cervical cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Farhati Farhati ◽  
Riska Resmana ◽  
Dian Nurhadianti

<p>Low consumption of vegetables and fruit causes an increased risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. The results showed that the majority of pregnant women (52.9%) rarely consume vegetables and fruit in sufficient quantities as recommended. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education about the importance of vegetables and fruits consumption, one of which is through the Information Motivation Behavioral Skill (IMB) approach. This study aims to determine the effect of health education with the Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) approach to increasing knowledge and consumption patterns of vegetables and fruits in pregnant women. This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre-post test design with control groups conducted in pregnant women in the city of Bandung with 60 samples using the observation sheet and questionnaire instruments. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The result of this study indicates that there are significant differences in knowledge and patterns of consumption of vegetables and fruit in pregnant women between the control and treatment groups with a p-value&lt;0.05. Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) Health Education Model approach has a role in increasing the knowledge and consumption patterns of vegetables and fruits in pregnant women.</p>


Author(s):  
Mallikarjuna Rao I. ◽  
Usha Kiran Prayaga ◽  
Dharma Rao Uppada ◽  
Ramachandra Rao E. ◽  
B. L. Kudagi

Background: The SSRIs being used as 1st line therapy in treatment of depression have delayed therapeutic effect which makes the patient vulnerable to an increased risk of suicide and decreased adherence to the treatment and will prematurely discontinue the therapy. The present study was conducted to evaluate if low dose mirtazapine-escitalopram combination therapy has any add on benefit over monotherapy with escitalopram.Methods: In a single-centered, comparative study involving patients with depression attending the out-patient after screening and exclusion, 60 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive tablet mirtazapine 7.5 mg plus tablet escitalopram 10 mg intervention or tablet escitalopram 10 mg plus placebo intervention in a double-blind 6-week treatment phase. The primary outcome measure was the change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from baseline. Participants were evaluated at baseline, 1st, 2nd,4th and 6th week. Results were analyzed using Chi-Square test for adverse effects and independent t-test analysis for efficacy parameter.Results: In the analysis of results at 6th week the numbers of patients achieved remission in mirtazapine group are more with a p-value of 0.018 which is significant and the numbers of responders in mirtazapine group are also more which is statistically significant on chi-square test. There is no significant difference was observed between the two groups with reference to occurrence of adverse effect.Conclusions: Adding low dose mirtazapine has an added benefit in terms of efficacy and getting remission early with more number of responders in the treatment of major depression.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Misrina Retnowati ◽  
Naomi Pramila

Cancer is a non-communicable disease that has become a health problem in the world, including in Indonesia. The high mortality rate from cervical cancer globally can be reduced by early detection through IVA testing. The high number of cervical cancer sufferers in Indonesia is due to the low motivation of WUS to perform IVA examinations, based on WUS 'knowledge of IVA examinations. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and participation of women of childbearing age in IVA examinations in Pangebat Village. This type of research is an analytical survey research using a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all women of fertile age (WUS) in Pangebat village as many as 851 people. The sample in this study as many as 90 people were taken by proportional random sampling technique. Univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using Chi Square test. The results showed that knowledge of WUS about cervical cancer was mostly good as many as 48 people (53.3%) and most of them did not follow IVA examination as many as 56 people (62.2%). The results of bivariate analysis using the chi square test obtained p value = 0.010, which means that there is a relationship between knowledge and participation of WUS in the IVA examination. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between knowledge and the participation of women of childbearing age in IVA examinations in Pangebat Village.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Aamer Ali Khattak ◽  
Erum Monis ◽  
Sana Gul

Objective: To perform genotyping for MTR A2756G polymorphism and identification of risk factors associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Study Design: Cross section, comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Biochemistry of Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad from October 2014 to August 2015. Materials and Methods: In this study, 292 diagnosed patients HNSCC and 324 normal individuals without any history of cancer were enrolled. Blood samples of patients and controls were collected in ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and DNA was extracted using conventional method. All samples were genotyped for the MTR A2756G polymorphism using PCR-RFLP. Frequency of polymorphism was compared between HNSCC patients andcontrols. MultipleLogisticRegression(MLR)andchi-squaretestwasperformedtoexaminetheassociation of MTR A2756G polymorphism with risk factor. Results: Chi-square test of independence showed statistically significant difference among the variables of age, smoking and MTR A2756G genotype (p-value<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that smoking (adjusted OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 2.3 – 6.0), age groups 41 – 50 years (adjusted OR, 3.6; 95% CI, .9 – 6.7) and > 60 years (adjusted OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.7 – 7.3), MTR 2756 AG genotype (adjusted OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.3 – 3.5) is associated with increased risk of HNSCC. Conclusion: The results suggest that the genetic polymorphism MTR A2756G is associated with the occurrence of HNSCC in the Pakistani population while the individuals between 40 to 50 years of age and those who are smokers are at a greater risk of developing HNSCC.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Nurmiaty Nurmiaty ◽  
Wahida Wahida ◽  
Elyasari Elyasari ◽  
Andi Malahayati

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan, sikap dan keputusan ibu melakukan IVA. Desain penelitian adalah Quasi Experimental.  Analisis data dengan uji Wilcoxon dan chi square. Hasil penelitian skor pengetahuan sebelum di beri penyuluhan (T0) sebesar (65,66±12,55) dan setelah diberikan intervensi (T1) berupa penyuluhan, skor pengetahuan meningkat menjadi (81,13±5,62). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan signifikan terhadap pengetahuan, dimana (p<0,05). Skor sikap sebelum di beri penyuluhan  sebesar (58,75±16,60) dan setelah diberi penyuluhan (77,75±10,70)  hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan signifikan terhadap sikap ibu di mana (p<0,05). Skor keputusan ibu sebelum penyuluhan adalah (61,52±11,87) dan setelah penyuluhan (78,58±10,05). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan skor perilaku signifikan pada post test di mana (p<0,05), hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan dapat mempengaruhi tindakan ibu untuk melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks dengan IVA Test. Pemberian penyuluhan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, serta mempengaruhi sikap dan tindakan ibu untuk melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks menggunakan IVA Test.The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of counselling on the knowledge, attitudes and decisions of mothers conducting an early detection of cervical cancer. The research design was quasi-experimental. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon and chi-square test. Based on the results of data analysis with Wilcoxon test obtained knowledge scores before counselling (T0) of (65.66 ± 12.55) and after counselling (T1) knowledge scores increased to (81.13 ± 5.62) p-values <0,05. The attitude score before counselling was (58.75 ± 16.60) and after counselling (77.75 ± 10.70) with a p-value <0.05. The results of the static analysis showed that the provision of counseling significantly increased the knowledge score, attitude score and the mother's decision to make early detection of cervical cancer with an IVA Test.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Vera Nirmala ◽  
Desmiwarti Desmiwarti ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar

LSIL is a low grade cervical cancer prelesion, which through prompt diagnosis and therapy, could reduce cervical cancer incidence to 90% and reducing mortality rate for 70-80%. Colposcopy will speed up diagnosis of cervical precancer lesions thus gaining prompt management, and beneficial for patients from afar. Combination of Pap’s smear, colposcopy and biopsy is a good diagnostic package to perform in medical practice. This study was conducted using statistics diagnostic test with cross-sectional design. This research was carried out among women diagnosed with LSIL (Pap’s smear) which then colposcopy was performed in Gynaecology Clinic in Dr.M.Djamil Hospital Padang, during July to December 2014. The study was performed to determine the definitive diagnosis of LSIL (Pap’s smear). Total number of women included in this study were 70, which were divided into 2 groups: 35 women in VIA positive group and 35 in VIA negative group and statistical anal- ysis was performed using unpaired t test and chi square in SPSS 18.0 for windows. From statistical analysis using chi-square test, obtained a statistical significance between VIA test and colposcopy, it can be seen from the p-value 0.002 (p <0.05). There is a statistical significance between VIA test and colposcopy.Keywords: VIA, colposcopy, LSIL, biopsy


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernawaty Siagian

ABSTRAK ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Kunci dari upaya penyembuhan semua jenis penyakit kanker adalah mendeteksi sedini mungkin.  Kanker serviks adalah kanker yang stadium  pra kankernya dapat terdeteksi. Deteksi dini kanker serviks melalui Pap smear. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasi.  Total populasi yang berjumlah 90 orang  karyawati dengan kriteria: menikah  ≥ 5 tahun dan berusia  ≥ 30 tahun.  Alat pengumpul data yaitu kuesioner yang terdiri atas 30 pertanyaan dari tujuh faktor intrinsik maupun ekstrinsik. Uji statistic yang digunakan adalah chi square  test.  Hasil: Hasil yang didapat melalui uji chi square dari 7 faktor motivasi  intrinsik dan ekstrinsik  terdapat 4 faktor yang berhubungan yaitu: dari faktor  intrinsik, pengetahuan (p-value 0,002),  kemauan dan kesadaran (p-value 0,037), sedangkan untuk faktor ekstrinsik, keamanan dan kenyamanan (p-value 0,001), hubungan Interpersonal (p-value 0,025), dan ada 3 faktor yang tidak berhubungan yaitu: penyakit atau keluhan (p-value 0,952), tingkat ekonomi (p-value 0,476), upah dan imbalan (p-value 0,188). Diskusi: Hasil penelitian ini menjadi masukan  bagi  program   kesejahteraan karyawan  di bidang kesehatan dan untuk institusi pendidikan dapat mengembangkan  ilmu keperawatan, terutama tentang Pap smear dan kanker serviks serta menjadi pertimbangan bagi responden untuk melakukan pemeriksaan Pap Smear. Kata kunci: kanker serviks, Pap smear, motivasi intrinsik dan ekstrinsik   ABSTRACT Introduction : The key to the recovery efforts of all types of cancer is to  detect as early as possible.  Cervical cancer is cancer that pra cancer stadium could be detected.  Early stage of detection of cervical cancer through research Pap smear. Method: Research design used  by descriptive correlation.  The sample of this study is a total population of 90 people who had been married employee  which ≥ 5 years and ≥ 30 years old.  Data collection tool is a questionnaire consisting of 30 questions from the seven intrinsic and extrinsic factors.  Statistical test used by Chi Square test. Result: The result  obtained from Chi Square test of 7 factors intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.  The results can exist in four related factors, namely ; intrinsic,  knowledge (p-value 0.002),  volition and consciousness (p value 0.037), extrinsic, security and comfort (p-value 0.001), interpersonal relations (p-value 0.025),  and there are three factors that are not related, namely:  illness or complaint (p-value 0.952),  economic level (p-value 0.476) , wages and benefits (p-value 0.188). Discussion: the results of this study feed into the welfare program for employees in health and education institutions can develop nursing knowledge, especially about Pap smear and cervical cancer as well as a consideration for the respondent to perform a Pap smear examinations. Keywords : Cervical cancer, Pap smear,motivation intrinsic and ekstrinsic Full printable version: PDF


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinar Ariasti ◽  
Wiji Lestari

Background:Uric acid is always present in the human body, when the rising levels (hyperuricemia) can cause complaints gouty arthritis. The cause of gout arthritis varies and is triggered by a diet high in purine. One diet high in purine include mlinjo (Gnetum gnemon linn) because it contains 50-150 mg of purines per 100 g of beans melinjo, with one of the forms are processed emping melinjo. Results of preliminary observations most people are less concerned with what they eat everyday including emping melinjo consumed as a snack when relaxing. They did not know that eating emping could lead to an increased risk of gout.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the consumption of emping melinjo with the incidence of gout in Wonosari Wadunggetas residents in the village of Klaten.The subjects were Wadunggetas Wonosari Klaten village residents over the age of 40 years a number of 30 respondents. The samples was conducted with a saturated sampling technique, namely by taking all members of the population being sampled because the population is small.Methods in this study isanalytical research design correlation to determine the relationship of chips melinjo consumption as independent variables (independent variable) and the incidence of gout as the dependent variable (dependent variable). Data obtained by questionnaire and observation method. The data collected is then analyzed with chi square test with α 0.05.The results of the study there were 9 respondents with the level of consumption of chips often, all experienced gout, 14 respondents with a rare level of consumption of chips, 11 experienced gout and 3 are not experiencing gout and 7 respondents who do not eat emping no suffer from gout. After Chi-Square test with SPSS version 16.0 with α = 5% (0:05) so obtained p 0.000 p value of <0.05, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha accepted.The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the level of consumption of emping melinjo with the incidence of gout in the village Wadunggetas Wonosari Klaten.Keywords: Emping Mlinjo Comsumtion and Gout Disease


2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Piotrowski ◽  
Margarita Lianeri ◽  
Blazej Rubis ◽  
Hanna Knula ◽  
Maria Rybczynska ◽  
...  

Background Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease caused by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Recently, a functional polymorphism, MDM2 285G>C (rs117039649), has been discovered. This polymorphism antagonizes the effect of the 309T>G (rs2279744) polymorphism on the same gene, resulting in decreased MDM2 transcription. Methods The MDM2 285G>C and 309T>G polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing analysis in women with breast cancer (n=468) and controls (n=550). Results The odds ratio (OR) for breast cancer patients with the MDM2 285C/C and 285G/C genotypes was 0.4768 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2906–0.7824; p=0.0033, pcorr=0.0066). We also found a significantly lower frequency of the MDM2 285C allele in patients with breast cancer than in controls: the OR for the C allele in patients with breast cancer was 0.4930 (95% CI=0.3059–0.7947, p=0.0031, pcorr=0.0062). The p value of the chi-square test for the trend observed for the MDM2 285G>C polymorphism was statistically significant (ptrend=0.0036). The statistical power of this study amounted to 85% for the G/C or C/C genotypes and 85% for the C allele. However, we did not observe significant differences between the distribution of MDM2 309T>G genotypes and alleles in patients with breast cancer and healthy controls. Conclusion In a sample of the Polish population, we observed that the MDM2 285C gene variant may be a significant protective factor against breast cancer.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Sitti Mukarramah ◽  
Subriah Subriah ◽  
Wirawati Amin ◽  
Humrah Humrah

Cervical cancer is the number one killer of women in the world caused by the Human Papilomma Virus. One of the early detection of cervical cancer by checking Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) is a simple way to detect cervical abnormalities. Knowledge of cervical cancer is one of the factors influencing WCBA behavior in conducting VIA examinations. This study aims to determine the relationship between WUS knowledge on cervical cancer with early detection examination behavior using VIA in Maradekaya Village. The research sample was 59 respondents with random sampling technique and a cross-sectional research design. The results showed that the respondents' knowledge about cervical cancer was included in the "tofu" category as many as 55 respondents (93.2%) and "do not know" category were 4 respondents (6.8%), respondents who did VIA examination were 22 respondents (37.3%) and those who did not perform VIA examination were 37 respondents (62.7%). Chi-square test with 95% CI showed a p-value of 0.521 (P> 0.05). These results indicate that there is no relationship between WCBA knowledge about cervical cancer with early detection using VIA in Maradekaya Village. Additional conclusions that can influence behavior it is culture.Kanker serviks adalah pembunuh wanita nomor satu di dunia yang disebabkan oleh Human Papilomma Virus. Salah satu deteksi dini kanker serviks dengan pemeriksaan Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) merupakan cara sederhana untuk mendeteksi kelainan serviks. Pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku WCBA dalam melakukan pemeriksaan VIA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan WUS tentang kanker serviks dengan perilaku pemeriksaan deteksi dini menggunakan VIA di Desa Maradekaya. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 59 responden dengan teknik random sampling dan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan responden tentang kanker serviks termasuk dalam kategori “tahu” sebanyak 55 responden (93,2%) dan kategori “tidak tahu” sebanyak 4 responden (6,8%), responden yang melakukan pemeriksaan VIA sebanyak 22 responden. responden (37,3%) dan yang tidak melakukan pemeriksaan VIA sebanyak 37 responden (62,7%). Uji Chi-square dengan 95% CI menunjukkan nilai p 0,521 (P> 0,05). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan WCBA tentang kanker serviks dengan deteksi dini menggunakan VIA di Desa Maradekaya. Kesimpulan tambahan yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku itu adalah budaya.


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