scholarly journals Impact of Remuneration for Work on Social Changes in Lithuania

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
Boguslovas Gruževskis ◽  
Tadas Sudnickas ◽  
Jolanta Urbanovič
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Compensation Systems ◽  
Technological Level

Satisfaction with compensation for work in modern society, especially in welfare states, plays a very important role. It not only ensures the efficient use of available production facilities and natural resources, but also determines the size of the state budget, the quality of life in the country, an attitude towards emigration and the general state of social situation. In a market economy, wages are the expression of capital and labour relations, both at the national and at the company level. The compensation systems are also influenced by some external factors such as tax system, technological level, labour supply and demand balance and legal regulation. The article seeks to reveal how the satisfaction with pay for work affects the social changes in the country. The article present the results of the research carried out in Lithuania in 2017.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of differentiation of legal regulation of pharmaceutical workers’ labour

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Anna Sydorenko ◽  
Olena Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Industry Affiliation ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The Right

The paper deals with peculiarities of legal regulation of pharmaceutical workers’ labour. Exercising the right to work is determined and analyzed. The authors prove that differentiation originates from special legislation. They determine what globalization is in the modern society. The paper analyzes the differentiation of pharmaceutical workers’ labour through the prism of such objective reasons as industry affiliation, working conditions, the nature of labour relations between an employee and an employer, and their content is determined. The study draws attention to the fact that industry affiliation is characterized by the importance of the industry for society and the degree of provision of public health institutions with highly skilled specialists, as well as the production process. The paper determines that working conditions are specific for each industry and workplace. It is proved that pharmaceutical workers have harmful and dangerous working conditions. Working conditions have to satisfy the requirements to the fulfilment of labour duties without life and health hazard. It is analyzed that the nature of labour relations between an employee and an employer are determined by the nature of labour and employment contract term. It is proved that the differentiation of pharmaceutical workers’ labour is expressed through special rules, which allows them to exercise their rights and obligations and to enjoy certain guarantees.

scholarly journals New Policy of Welfare States: Preparing Background for Analysis of Social Situation of People with Disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Elena Kulagina
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Disadvantaged Population ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Social Unity ◽  
Working Age

The article examines the implementation of new social security and employment policy in welfare states (social-democratic, conservative corporate and neoliberal regimes) in order to take a new look at the disability policy in Russia. Basing on the analysis of international research and OECD statistic data of 30 years the article explores the shifting trends in social policy, the new rights / responsibilities rule approaches and the reasons for restricting the state interference. The author investigates into the approaches in social security which define the conditions of receiving social assistance (controlling the ‚passive‘ measures, assigning responsibility for self-sufficiency and switching to ‚active‘ measures for the working age population) and describes the shifts in redistribution of wealth and social relations. The author analyzes the measures aiming at increasing opportunities and subduing the dependency culture in employment as well as demonstrates how these measures influence labour relations, salary and social security of employees. The reasons for growing poverty, inequality in income, wage and social security of the disadvantaged population groups are unveiled. The factors promoting redistribution and reinforcement of social unity and common wealth, as well as anti-crisis regulation are determined.

PERUBAHAN PERILAKU BERBELANJA DARI PASAR TRADISIONAL KE PASAR MODERN DI KOTA MANADO DIPANDANG DARI ASPEK SOSIOLOGI

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjam M. Pontorondo
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
Time And Energy

This study about shopping behavior changes from traditional markets to modern market in the  Manado city is viewed from the aspect of sociology. This study used a qualitative approach. The results showed that the shopping behavior of most citizens of Manado city has changed shopping habits in traditional markets into shopping habits in the modern market. Everyone in the economic measures based on efficiency considerations that revolve around efficiency of money and space also efficiency of time and energy. Before someone decides to shop, his views always consider the fourth aspect of it, and then decided to act. Thus the action is determined by the orientation to the person's environment that is tailored to the needs inherent in him. Then someone can act as he wishes. Most citizens of Manado city construct behavior of shopping habits in traditional markets into shopping habits in the modern market. The peoples leaving the characteristics of cooperation and confidence in social economy action trough activity in the traditional market began to fade, tend to behave consumerist, individualistic, laden competition, but innovation and creative. The pattern of this kind of action can be a collective action at the subjective macro level. This means that changes in individual behavior of Manado city residents at a certain level in line with the rapid development and progress of science and technology, will have implications on fundamental social changes in the structure of social behavior overall Manado city residents. Manado, will become a city inhabited by modern society with a consumption-oriented economic measures or commonly known as the consumerist society.

Taxation Issues for Digital Financial Assets

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932110039
Author(s):  
Viktor Shestak ◽  
Alla Kiseleva ◽  
Yuriy Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Digital Assets ◽  
Tax Accounting

The objective of the study is to determine the status of a digital financial asset and the features of its taxation in the Russian Federation and progressive countries. Currently, there are three main taxation models that are used in this area: income tax, corporate income tax, and capital gains tax. The article explores the prospects for introducing the experience of foreign countries in the Russian Federation. The possible changes that may occur in tax regulation are analyzed. The experience of leading countries in the field of legal regulation of the use of digital financial assets and the taxation of cryptocurrency transactions is analyzed. Such an analysis will allow Russia to keep pace with countries with a leading economy and at the same time increase state budget revenue through taxation of cryptocurrency transactions. The study provides an analysis of the conceptual scenarios of digital income taxation and objects of taxation in the process of cryptocurrency creation. The study critically assesses possible options for applying international standards for tax accounting of digital assets. Groups of problematic issues that arise in the tax accounting of digital assets are developed. The prospect of further research is the development of tax accounting methods for each of the established entities for the creation and circulation of digital financial assets in accordance with accounting objects.

Attitude of Individuals First Entering Labour Market to the Implementation of Equality of Treatment Principle in Labour Relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Eglė Štareikė ◽  
Ugnė Alaburdaitė
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Treatment Principle ◽  
Scientific Doctrine

By invoking scientific doctrine, legal regulations and official statistics, the paper aims at assessing the actual position of females and males in labour relations in Lithuania as well as identifying the problems of the legal regulation of gender equality. The survey conducted among MRU Public Security Academy students was dedicated to disclosing the perceptions of individuals first entering the labour market about (in)equality in labour relations and experiences in the course of professional practice. To attain these objectives, certain goals were set: analysis of multiple layers of the concept of equality, legal regulation of the principle of gender equality and its inclusion in labour relations and statutory service. Furthermore, the present paper considered various trends and patterns in the implementation of the gender equality principle in labour relations, based on the analysis of the data of the Office of the Equal Opportunities Ombudsperson. Empirical research was carried out to assess the experience of students who had their professional practice in police headquarters in terms of gender inequality. Based on the performed survey that involved the students of MRU Public Security Academy, it should be concluded that the majority of students did not understand the different behaviours that could violate an individual’s rights in terms of the equality of men and women. When responding to certain questions, the majority of respondents indicated that gender inequality in Lithuania existed only to the extent it occurred naturally; however, when responding to other questions, the majority stated that there were numerous situations during their practice when they experienced discrimination (i.e. preferential treatment of one of the genders, abuse due to gender etc.). This can lead to the conclusion that violations of gender equality committed on certain grounds are perceived as a natural phenomenon resulting from natural differences between the sexes and because of this, certain flawed behaviour is justified. This results in fewer opportunities for individuals to report violations to responsible institutions and thus ensure the protection of their rights as well as to share their experiences with other individuals and, as a result, educate them.

Salary optimisation in Ukraine in the context of the economy Europeanisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-237
Author(s):  
Oleg M. Yaroshenko ◽  
Оlena Ye. Lutsenko ◽  
Natalya M. Vapnyarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Scientific Result ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Labour Legislation ◽  
Subjective Rights

In the context of active legislative prospects of the labour legislation of Ukraine in the aspect of their European integration, there are issues of developing and implementing effective remuneration systems and optimising them, which should be aimed at solving the problems of developing the Ukrainian economy, ensuring a combination of economic and social interests and goals of individual employees and managers of enterprises. This requires the application of new approaches to the organisation of wages, considering the specifics of enterprises and the experience of domestic and foreign companies, as well as scientists in the field of wages. The establishment of effective mechanisms in the remuneration system, which should ensure social and economic justice in labour relations, plays a significant role in resolving the relevant issues. This is primarily the observance, protection and restoration of the subjective rights of employees to pay in case of violation. If most of the outlined general social and economic problems cannot be solved by one means or another, it is not only possible but also necessary to formulate priority purely legal tasks related to the optimisation of legal regulation of wages. The article reflects: 1) the international legal basis for the establishment of an appropriate level of wages, 2) foreign experience in the establishment of optimised wages and 3) scientific and applied approaches to optimising wages in the Ukrainian economy under the influence of European integration processes. During the writing of this article, for a comprehensive disclosure of the issues, to achieve an objective scientific result and formulate appropriate conclusions, the authors used general and special methods of cognition (dialectical, functional, Aristotelian, comparative legal, hermeneutic, method of comparison). The article concludes that the existence of many intra-industry tariff grids in Ukraine in practice only complicates law enforcement. If there really was a Unified Tariff Grid, which would consider all professions, their features and the specifics of working conditions, there would be no need for each sector of the economy to develop its own tariff grid. Currently, there is a situation when within the UTS itself there is a significant number of other internal tariff grids in various areas and industries. The UTS should be developed based on the Dictionary of Occupational Titles, as it is the unified act that contains a list of professions that exist in the economic life of Ukraine. Therefore, each of these professions must be assigned its own tariff coefficient and the corresponding category. Wage growth should depend on the employee's qualifications, level of education, and productivity

scholarly journals Professional Development of Bachelor Designers by Means of Information and Communication Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5119-5122
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Education System ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Information And Communication

A developed information community assumes a broad and active use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the education system, which is due to a number of factors that accompany the process of social development. One of the first to highlight is the introduction of information and communication technologies in education in order to accelerate the transfer of knowledge and experience accumulated by mankind from generation to generation, and from person to person. The second factor to be called is the possibility of improving the quality of education in the process of mastering information and communication technologies, which allows a person to more successfully adapt to what is happening around, i.e. to social changes. The third factor is the active and fairly effective implementation of information and communication technologies in the education system, which is a guarantee of updating the education system in accordance with the needs of modern society. This paper discusses the use of information and communication technologies in the preparation of future bachelors-designers as one of the organizational forms of innovative type teaching at a university, based on modern achievements of the psychological and pedagogical sciences, educational materials of a new generation and widespread use of electronic educational resources. The variety of diverse actions performed by a designer requires their systematization by means of information and communication technologies and bringing them into line with the competencies mastered in the learning process. Through the introduction of computer technologies in the design education system and mastering ArchiCad and Artlantis Render programs by a student going improvement of his/her professional skills as future experts in the field of design, and accordingly, increasing their competitiveness in the labour market. At the same time, the process of forming the creative activity of future designers requires, first of all, the development of their spatial and design thinking; therefore, when teaching a teacher, it is necessary to make the process of mastering information and communication technologies proportionate to the process of developing student's intellectual characteristics

scholarly journals Correlation of Law and Order in Society

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (64) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Gabdrakhman H. Valiev ◽  
Sergey V. Kondratyuk ◽  
Natalia A. Prodanova ◽  
Irina A. Babalikova ◽  
Kermen I. Makaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Concrete Reality

The problem of the relationship of law and order is relevant to any modern society. The article tries to analyze this relationship, taking into account judicial, police and other activities. The named concepts are closely interconnected, but are not identical. They are correlated as cause and effect: there is a rule of law, there is no rule of law. One suggests the other. The rule of law as concrete reality logically precedes the rule of law as a doctrine, the connection here is hard, causal. The process is one. Law and order: a real indicator of the state of legality, reflects the degree of compliance with the laws, the requirements of all legal regulations. It is concluded that the rule of law is the end result of the implementation of legal requirements and, at the same time, the objective of legal regulation, since it is for the formation and maintenance of the rule of law that laws are issued, thus like other regulatory legal acts, various institutions and bodies and, above all, the justice system, the control system, various human rights organizations and social movements.

scholarly journals THE INTERNET AS A LEADING INSTITUTION OF INFORMATION LAW IN THE XXI CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1853-1858
Author(s):  
Lesko Natalia Vladimirovna Et al.
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
World View ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Information Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Information Law

The features of the Internet as a leading institution of information law in the XXI century have been studied in the article. It has been determined that a characteristic feature of the Internet is that geographical boundaries do not play any role here. The Internet space is an electronic information space of communications for which there are no borders. That is why it is difficult to ensure effective legal regulation of the Internet, as there is no systematic legislation regulating the relevant types of relations on the World Wide Web, besides, there are objective features of the Internet functioning. It has been stated that an important point of solving the problems of using the Internet is the adoption of the Laws: "On the protection of freedom on the Internet", "On e-democracy", "On distance learning on the Internet". It has been noted that in modern society, the Internet has made it possible to influence greatly the life of every person. As a result of globalization processes, the World Wide Web performs the function of forming a person's world-view. Unfortunately, standards that do not conform to the ideas of humanism are often promoted on the Internet. New forms of communication on the Internet have led to the separation of the culture function of this means of mass communication, as a result of which a specific information culture is being formed. Thus, an important factor in building a global information society is the formation of the individual new information culture on the Internet network.

scholarly journals СОЦІАЛЬНІ ПРОЕКТИ В СИСТЕМІ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ НАСЕЛЕННЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Марина Іванівна Тімофєєва
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Project ◽  
The Government

The paper discusses the issues of social projects development to meet the citizens’ needs or to resolve certain social problems by changing the social situation. The reason for designing social projects is responding to the challenges with conflicting, multi-vector development trends or those to be adequately addressed. Social projects demonstrate their specifics. In this context, the principal expert in their assessment is not the government or the project contractor but the society. In modern realia, it is critical to build a strong social state which can not be achieved through the government’s policies alone, however the combined efforts and close cooperation between the community and the state contributes to the desired effect. evidence revealed that such partnerships have gained great significance, although it is argued that there is a need to clearly demarcate the roles of each of the parties. An appropriate information platform was created in Ukraine that optimizes the process of selecting the best projects and accessing the results after their testing. Social projects have a large variety of forms, dimensions, sources of funding and terms of execution. The issue of project feasibility remains paramount. The key criteria to evaluate the social project implementation expediency are the following: harmonization of project proposals, business goals and the overall government strategic development plan; identifying the significance of the project results for the government; specification of the social project capability to adapt for most regions of the country; social project effectiveness. Social projects have become an essential element within the social protection framework, since modern society have no more expectations as to the government assistance, but ultimately seek to search for their own tools to resolve social issues through developing social projects and programs, attracting investment, etc.

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